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C. B. M. Haule,M. R.S. Mlozi,M. K. Mulengera 한국외국어대학교 아프리카연구소 2009 Asian Journal of African Studies Vol.25 No.-
This study was conducted to examine the historical land use/cover change over a period of 23 years and its implications to smallholder fanner's livelihoods in three wards of Ludewa District. Land use/cover types information Was captured based on Landsat imagery of L979, 1990, and 2002. Land use/cover change in the study area was analyzed using remote sensing change detection techniques. The results show that the area occupied by woodland declined by from over 40% in 1979 to 15% in 2002 The miombo woodland deforestation was 12,135 ha, that is, 528 ha per year. The main reasons given for the decline in miombo woodland by focus group discussion participants and key informants were increased forest clearing for cultivation and settlements. The pattern is confirmed by the increase in area occupied by settlements from 6,626 ha (15%) in 1979 to 9,791 ha (22%) in 2002. Similarly, woodland with scattered cropping increased from 4,734 ha (10) to 9,895 ha (22) for the same period. Besides changes in land use/cover that increased importance of river valleys reduced grazing area and size of herds for cattle and goats.
C. B. M. Haule,M. R.S. Mlozi,M. K. Mulengera 한국외국어대학교(글로벌캠퍼스) 아프리카연구소 2009 Asian Journal of African Studies Vol.25 No.-
This study was conducted to examine the historical land use/cover change over a period of 23 years and its implications to smallholder farmer’s livelihoods in three wards of Ludewa District. Land use/cover types information was captured based on Landsat imagery of 1979, 1990, and 2002. Land use/cover change in the study area was analyzed using remote sensing change detection techniques. The results show that the area occupied by woodland declined by from over 40% in 1979 to 15% in 2002. The miombo woodland deforestation was 12,135 ha, that is, 528 ha per year. The main reasons given for the decline in miombo woodland by focus group discussion participants and key informants were increased forest clearing for cultivation and settlements. The pattern is confirmed by the increase in area occupied by settlements from 6,626 ha (15%) in 1979 to 9,791 ha (22%) in 2002. Similarly, woodland with scattered cropping increased from 4,734 ha (10) to 9,895 ha (22) for the same period. Besides, changes in land use/cover that increased importance of river valleys reduced grazing area and size of herds for cattle and goats.
김지수,Caspar Christian Haule,김주흥,임성묵,윤광현,김지예,박형석,박세호,김승일,조영업,박병우 한국유방암학회 2018 Journal of breast cancer Vol.21 No.2
Purpose: We investigated the changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) and the associations with pathologic complete response (pCR) and survival in patients with breast cancer. Methods: Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured pre- and post-NCT in 374 patients between 2010 and 2013. Based on a cutoff of 20 ng/mL, patients were categorized into “either sufficient” or “both deficient” groups. The associations with clinicopathological data, including pCR and survival, were analyzed using multivariable analyses. Results: Patients with either pre- or post-NCT sufficient 25(OH)D levels accounted for 23.8%, and the overall pCR rate was 25.9%. Most patients showed 25(OH)D deficiency at diagnosis and 65.8% showed decreased serum levels after NCT. Changes in 25(OH)D status were associated with postmenopause status, rural residence, baseline summer examination, and molecular phenotype, but not pCR. No association between survival and 25(OH)D status was found, including in the subgroup analyses based on molecular phenotypes. Conclusion: Most Korean patients with breast cancer showed vitamin D deficiency at diagnosis and a significant decrease in the serum concentration after NCT. No association with oncologic outcomes was found. Therefore, although optimal management for vitamin D deficiency is urgent for skeletal health, further research is warranted to clearly determine the prognostic role of vitamin D in patients with breast cancer who are candidates for NCT.
Origin of doping-induced suppression and reemergence of magnetism in LaFeAsO1−xHx
Moon, Chang-Youn,Park, Hyowon,Haule, Kristjan,Shim, Ji Hoon American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review B Vol.94 No.22
<P>We investigate the evolution of magnetic properties as a function of hydrogen doping in the iron-based superconductor LaFeAsO1-xHx using dynamical mean-field theory combined with density-functional theory. We find that two independent consequences of doping, namely the increase of the electron occupation and the structural modification, have the opposite effects on the strength of electron correlation and magnetism, resulting in the minimum of the calculated magnetic moment around the intermediate doping level as a function of x. Our result provides a natural explanation for the recent, puzzling experimental discovery of two separated antiferromagnetic phases at low and high doping limits. Furthermore, the increase of the orbital occupation and correlation strength with doping results in reduced orbital polarization of d(xz/yz) orbitals and an enhanced role of the d(xy) orbital in the magnetism at high doping levels, and their possible implications on the superconductivity are discussed in line with the essential role of the magnetism.</P>
Visualizing anisotropic propagation of stripe domain walls in staircaselike transitions ofIrTe2
Mauerer, Tobias,Vogt, Matthias,Hsu, Pin-Jui,Pascut, Gheorghe Lucian,Haule, Kristjan,Kiryukhin, Valery,Yang, Junjie,Cheong, Sang-Wook,Wu, Weida,Bode, Matthias American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review B Vol.94 No.1
<P>We present a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) study of the domain evolution across two first-order phase transitions of stripe modulations in IrTe2 that occur at T-C approximate to 275 K and T-S approximate to 180 K, respectively. Phase coexistence of the hexagonal (1 x 1) structure and the (5 x 1) stripe modulation is observed at TC, while various (p x 1) modulations (p = 3n + 2 with 2 <= n is an element of N) are observed below T-S. Using STM atomic resolution, we observe anisotropic propagation of domain boundaries along different directions, indicating significantly different kinetic energy barriers. These results are consistently explained by a theoretical analysis of the energy barrier for domain wall propagation as obtained by density functional theory. Individual switching processes observed by STM indicate that the wide temperature range of the transition from the (5 x 1) stripes to the (6 x 1)-ordered ground state is probably caused by the numerically limited subset of switching processes that are allowed between a given initial and the final state. The observations on IrTe2 are discussed in terms of a 'harmless staircase' with a finite number of first-order transitions between commensurate phases and within a 'dynamical freezing' scenario.</P>