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2015 개정 초등학교 통합교과 교육과정에 대한 비판적 검토
이한나 ( Lee¸ Hanna ) 한국초등교육학회 2021 초등교육연구 Vol.34 No.3
이 연구에서는 제5차 통합교과 교육과정 개발 이후 일관적으로 지향해 온 통합교과의 탈교과적 접근에 비추어 볼 때, 2015 개정 통합교과 교육과정을 어떻게 이해할 수 있는지를 비판적으로 검토하였다. 연구 결과, 2015 개정 통합교과 교육과정은 두 가지 점에서 지금까지 통합교과 교육과정이 교육의 내용을 학습자의 삶을 중심으로 구성하고 조직하는 탈교과적 통합을 지향해 온 것과 차이가 있었다. 첫째, 통합교과 교육과정의 내용을 다룰 때 사용해 온 ‘주제(대주제, 소주제, 활동주제)’를 ‘영역, 개념, 지식, 내용’ 등의 용어로 대체한 점, 둘째, 통합교과를 분과교과와 연계하도록 안내하는 점이었다. 이런 검토 결과를 바탕으로, 통합교과가 통합교육과정으로서 특수한 지향점과 국가수준 교육과정을 구성하는 하나의 교과교육과정으로서 일반적인 요구사항을 모두 반영해야 하는 딜레마를 논의할 수 있었다. 하나는 탈교과적 통합을 지향하면서도 이를 다시 교과라는 틀로 제시해야 한다는 점, 다른 하나는 타 교과들과 구별되는 영역을 가지고 통합교과만의 독자적인 내용을 다루면서, 그것이 종국에는 학생들이 통합교과 이후에 학습하게 될 교과들과 연계되어야 한다는 점이다. 이 두 가지 쟁점은 향후 통합교과 교육과정 개정에서도 숙고 할 필요가 있을 것이다. This study critically reviewed the 2015 revised integrated curriculum which reflected the direction of the 2015 revised curriculum in light of the consistent direction of the integrated curriculum. As a result of the study, the main revision of the 2015 revised integrated curriculum differed from the perspective that the integrated curriculum has formed. In particular, it replaces the ‘topics’ that have been used to deal with the contents of the integrated curriculum with ‘concepts, knowledge, and contents’ and guides each integrated subject to be linked to specific subjects. This contrasts with the fact that the integrated curriculum has been aiming for trans-disciplinary integration, which organizes the curriculum around the lives of learners. Through this, I discussed the dilemma that the integrated curriculum should overcome. The dilemma is that while the integrated curriculum aims for trans-subject integration, it should be presented in the framework of the subject again and while dealing with the unique contents of integrated subjects that distinguish them from other subjects, it should eventually be linked to other subjects.
교육과정 지식을 생성하는 교사의 내러티브적 사고 과정 탐구를 위한 제안
이한나 ( Hanna Lee ) 한국통합교육과정학회 2015 통합교육과정연구 Vol.9 No.2
이 논문에서 연구자는 교육과정 지식을 생성하는 교사의 내러티브적 사고 과정 탐구를 위한 연구 방법과 그것을 기반으로 한 연구 절차를 구축하고자 하였다. 교사가 내러티브적 지식을 생성하는 것은 자신의 경험에 대해 내러티브적으로 사고할때 가능한 것이기에 교사가 자신의 경험에서 지식을 생성해내는 일은 내러티브 탐구에서 내러티브 탐구자가 하는 일과 비슷한 일이라는 점에서 내러티브 탐구를 연구 방법으로 선정하였다. 이에 Clandinin과 Connelly의 내러티브 탐구를 기반으로 교사가 하는 일이 내러티브 탐구자가 하는 일과 같은 일임을 전제하는 연구자의 관점에 맞게 연구자와 참여자의 역할을 설정하고, 연구 과정을 설계하였다. 마지막으로는 사례 연구를 수행하여 연구자가 탐구하고자 하는 바를 드러낼 수 있는지 확인해보고, 연구자가 구상한 연구 과정을 구체화하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구 참여자에게 수집할 교육과정 이야기, 즉 연구 참여자가 구성할 현장 텍스트는 시간성, 사회성, 장소성이 드러나는 내러티브여야 한다. 둘째, 연구자는 참여자의 이야기를 다시 말하는(retelling) 역할을 해야 한다. 셋째, 사례 연 구를 통해 읽어낸 이교사의 내러티브적 사고 과정(의식화 → 시각화 → 형식화/생성)은 본 연구에서 연구 참여자들의 사고 과정 탐구를 안내할 수 있을 것이다. This study aims to develope a procedure for research to explore the narrative thinking process of teachers creating a curriculum knowledge. Teachers can create narrative knowledge thought narrative thinking about their experiences. So I selected narrative inquiry as a research method in terms of teachers and narrative inquirer perform similar role. And I reset the role of researchers and participants, and developed a research procedure in terms of my standpoint based on Clandinin and Connelly’s narrative inquiry. Finally, I conducted a pilot study to see if this process can reveal what I want to explore, and to refine the research procedure. As a result of the pilot study, I ensured that the research procedure can work and found the following implications for the study. First, the curriculum story which I gather, that is, the field text which participants make, is narratives that are reveal temporality, sociality, and place. Second, the researcher perform retelling serves the story of the participants. Third, Lee’s narrative thinking processes (Mental planning→Visualization→ Formalization/Generation) that I found through a pilot study will be able to take advantage of the framework of the next inquiry.
Lee, Hanna,Lee, Yongjin,Park, Bola,Elahi, Fazle,Lee, Joohyeong,Choi, Jung Hoon,Lee, Seung Tae,Park, Choon-Keun,Hyun, Sang-Hwan,Lee, Eunsong The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2014 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.4
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in a maturation medium on oocyte maturation and embryonic development in pigs. Immature pig oocytes were matured for 44 h in a medium supplemented with 0.4% (w/v) BSA, 0.1% (w/v) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), or 10% (v/v) pig follicular fluid (PFF). After IVM, oocytes reached metaphase II stage were activated for parthenogenesis (PA) or used as cytoplasts for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Nuclear maturation (89.5%, 90.7% and 91.3% for BSA, PVA and PFF, respectively) and intraoocyte glutathione contents (1.20, 1.16 and 1.00 pixels/oocyte for BSA, PVA and PFF, respectively) were not altered by the macromolecules added to maturation medium. IVM of oocytes in a medium containing BSA (21.4%) and PVA (20.7%) showed significantly lower blastocyst formation after PA than culture in medium with PFF (39.2%). After SCNT, oocytes matured in medium with BSA showed decreased embryonic development to the blastocyst stage (9.2%) compared to those matured in medium with PFF (28.9%), while 23.6% of SCNT oocytes matured in medium with PVA developed to the blastocyst stage. When the effect of BSA in a maturation medium during the first 22 h and the second 22 h of IVM in combination with PFF or PVA was examined, PVA-BSA showed a higher nuclear maturation (94.1%) than BSA-PFF (84.5%). However, there was no significant difference in the blastocyst formation among tested combinations (47.3, 52.2, 50.0, 44.4 and 49.0% for PFF-PFF, PFF-BSA, PVA-BSA, BSA-PVA and BSA-PFF, respectively). Our results demonstrate that BSA and PVA added to maturation medium can support oocyte maturation comparable to PFF-supplemented medium. However, maturation of oocytes in a BSA-containing medium decreases embryonic development after PA and SCNT when compared with the medium supplemented with PFF.
Hanna Lee,Yongjin Lee,Bola Park,Fazle Elahi,Joohyeong Lee,Jung Hoon Choi,Seung Tae Lee,Choon-Keun Park,Sang-Hwan Hyun,Eunsong Lee 한국수정란이식학회 2014 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.4
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in a maturation medium on oocyte maturation and embryonic development in pigs. Immature pig oocytes were matured for 44 h in a medium supplemented with 0.4% (w/v) BSA, 0.1% (w/v) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), or 10% (v/v) pig follicular fluid (PFF). After IVM, oocytes reached metaphase II stage were activated for parthenogenesis (PA) or used as cytoplasts for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Nuclear maturation (89.5%, 90.7% and 91.3% for BSA, PVA and PFF, respectively) and intraoocyte glutathione contents (1.20, 1.16 and 1.00 pixels/oocyte for BSA, PVA and PFF, respectively) were not altered by the macromolecules added to maturation medium. IVM of oocytes in a medium containing BSA (21.4%) and PVA (20.7%) showed significantly lower blastocyst formation after PA than culture in medium with PFF (39.2%). After SCNT, oocytes matured in medium with BSA showed decreased embryonic development to the blastocyst stage (9.2%) compared to those matured in medium with PFF (28.9%), while 23.6% of SCNT oocytes matured in medium with PVA developed to the blastocyst stage. When the effect of BSA in a maturation medium during the first 22 h and the second 22 h of IVM in combination with PFF or PVA was examined, PVA-BSA showed a higher nuclear maturation (94.1%) than BSA-PFF (84.5%). However, there was no significant difference in the blastocyst formation among tested combinations (47.3, 52.2, 50.0, 44.4 and 49.0% for PFF-PFF, PFF-BSA, PVA-BSA, BSA-PVA and BSA-PFF, respectively). Our results demonstrate that BSA and PVA added to maturation medium can support oocyte maturation comparable to PFF-supplemented medium. However, maturation of oocytes in a BSA-containing medium decreases embryonic development after PA and SCNT when compared with the medium supplemented with PFF.
Hanna Lee,Ok-Yi Jeong,Hee Jin Park,Sung-Lim Lee,Eun-yeong Bok,Mingyo Kim,Young Sun Suh,Yun-Hong Cheon,Hyun-Ok Kim,Suhee Kim,Sung Hak Chun,Jung Min Park,Young Jin Lee,Sang-Il Lee 대한면역학회 2023 Immune Network Vol.23 No.6
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) involves persistent inflammation and fibrosis, leading to respiratory failure and even death. Adult tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show potential in ILD therapeutics but obtaining an adequate quantity of cells for drug application is difficult. Daewoong Pharmaceutical’s MSCs (DW-MSCs) derived from embryonic stem cells sustain a high proliferative capacity following long-term culture and expansion. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of DW-MSCs in experimental mouse models of ILD. DW-MSCs were expanded up to 12 passages for in vivo application in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and collagen-induced connective tissue disease- ILD mouse models. We assessed lung inflammation and fibrosis, lung tissue immune cells, fibrosis-related gene/protein expression, apoptosis and mitochondrial function of alveolar epithelial cells, and mitochondrial transfer ability. Intravenous administration of DWMSCs consistently improved lung fibrosis and reduced inflammatory and fibrotic markers expression in both models across various disease stages. The therapeutic effect of DW-MSCs was comparable to that following daily oral administration of nintedanib or pirfenidone. Mechanistically, DW-MSCs exhibited immunomodulatory effects by reducing the number of B cells during the early phase and increasing the ratio of Tregs to Th17 cells during the late phase of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, DW-MSCs exhibited antiapoptotic effects, increased cell viability, and improved mitochondrial respiration in alveolar epithelial cells by transferring their mitochondria to alveolar epithelial cells. Our findings indicate the strong potential of DW-MSCs in the treatment of ILD owing to their high efficacy and immunomodulatory and anti-apoptotic effects.