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Uterine leiomyosarcoma in a captive female capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris): a case report
Lee, Hany,Kim, Soo-Hyeon,Bae, Min-Kyung The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2022 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.62 No.2
A captive female capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) of unknown age discharged a bloody mass from the vaginal region. A histopathology examination revealed the mass to be a reproductive leiomyosarcoma, and an ovariohysterectomy was performed. The histopathology examination confirmed that the excised tissue was a uterine leiomyosarcoma. The purpose of this report is to describe clinical history and histopathological diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma in capybaras. This report is novel because it describes the first diagnosis of uterine leiomyosarcoma in a capybara. Since clinical data about capybaras are rare, this case report will help to diagnosis and treat reproductive diseases of this species.
Lee, Jiseon,Park, Junhee,Yang, Sejung,Kim, Hani,Choi, Yun Seo,Kim, Hyeon Jin,Lee, Hyang Woon,Lee, Byung-Uk Frontiers Media S.A. 2017 Frontiers in neuroinformatics Vol.11 No.-
<P>The use of automatic electrical stimulation in response to early seizure detection has been introduced as a new treatment for intractable epilepsy. For the effective application of this method as a successful treatment, improving the accuracy of the early seizure detection is crucial. In this paper, we proposed the application of a frequency-based algorithm derived from principal component analysis (PCA), and demonstrated improved efficacy for early seizure detection in a pilocarpine-induced epilepsy rat model. A total of 100 ictal electroencephalographs (EEG) during spontaneous recurrent seizures from 11 epileptic rats were finally included for the analysis. PCA was applied to the covariance matrix of a conventional EEG frequency band signal. Two PCA results were compared: one from the initial segment of seizures (5 sec of seizure onset) and the other from the whole segment of seizures. In order to compare the accuracy, we obtained the specific threshold satisfying the target performance from the training set, and compared the False Positive (FP), False Negative (FN), and Latency (Lat) of the PCA based feature derived from the initial segment of seizures to the other six features in the testing set. The PCA based feature derived from the initial segment of seizures performed significantly better than other features with a 1.40% FP, zero FN, and 0.14 s Lat. These results demonstrated that the proposed frequency-based feature from PCA that captures the characteristics of the initial phase of seizure was effective for early detection of seizures. Experiments with rat ictal EEGs showed an improved early seizure detection rate with PCA applied to the covariance of the initial 5 s segment of visual seizure onset instead of using the whole seizure segment or other conventional frequency bands.</P>
Lee, Sang-Jin,Bae, Ju Hyun,Lee, Hani,Lee, Hyunji,Park, Jongsun,Kang, Jong-Sun,Bae, Gyu-Un Elsevier 2019 Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol.242 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Ethnopharmacological relevance</B></P> <P>Ginsenoside Rg3 from <I>Panax ginseng</I> has reported to have multiple pharmacological activities including anti-diabetics, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer. However, the effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on myogenic differentiation and muscle atrophy is unknown.</P> <P><B>Aim to the study</B></P> <P>In this study, we investigated the myogenic effect and underlying molecular mechanisms of ginsenoside Rg3 on myotube atrophy induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).</P> <P><B>Materials and methods</B></P> <P>C2C12 myoblasts were induced to differentiate for one day followed by the treatment of TNF-α along with vehicle or ginsenoside Rg3 for additional 2 days and subjected to immunoblotting, immunocytochemistry, quantitative RT-PCR and biochemical analysis for mitochondrial function.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Ginsenoside Rg3 promotes myogenic differentiation and multinucleated myotube formation through Akt activation in a dose-dependent manner, without any cytotoxicity. Ginsenoside Rg3 treatment restores myotube formation and increases myotube diameters under TNF-α-treated conditions. Ginsenoside Rg3 enhances Akt/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling that in turn stimulates muscle-specific gene expression such as myosin heavy chain (MHC) and Myogenin, and suppresses the expression of muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases. In addition, ginsenoside Rg3 in TNF-α-treated myotubes significantly inhibits the production of mitochondrial ROS and restores mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATP contents. Furthermore, ginsenoside Rg3 upregulates the activities and expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α) and the mitochondrial biogenetic transcription factors, nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) in TNF-α-induced myotube atrophy.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>This study provides a mechanistic insight into the effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on myogenic differentiation and myotube atrophy, suggesting that ginsenoside Rg3 has a promising potential as a therapeutic or neutraceutical remedy to intervene muscle weakness and atrophy.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
서울동물원 야생동물의 임상 검체 내 Clostridium 균의 항생제 내성 분석
이하늬 ( Hany Lee ),여용구 ( Yong-gu Yeo ),안상진 ( Sangjin Ahn ),김종택 ( Jong-taek Kim ) 한국동물위생학회(구 한국가축위생학회) 2020 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.43 No.1
Clostridial bacteria are zoonotic agents, which cause severe necrotizing enteritis, pseudo-membrane colitis, enterotoxemia to both humans and animals. The objective of this study was to monitor the antibiotic resistance of Clostridium isolates on clinical specimens from wild animals in Seoul zoo for 5 years. Clostridium isolates were verified by using Vitek2 compact machine. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed by antibiotic disc diffusion test, which was followed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test method. The frequency of Antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium isolate was the greatest in gentamicin (87%), then in order of amikacin (80%). There were 55.6% of Clostridium isolates showed multiple drug resistance (MDR). These results showed that a lot of Clostridial bacteria from wild animals in Seoul zoo were acquired antibiotic resistance. Because of the wild animal’s aggressive manner, it has been hard to collect clinical samples from wild animals in a zoo to exam antibiotic susceptibility. For these reasons, empirical use of antibiotics has been performed in frequently. It may cause to increase the emergence of antibiotic resistance bacteria. In addition, the antibiotic resistance bacteria from zoo animals can be spread to other wild animals which inhabit around the zoo. Therefore, regular monitoring of antibiotic resistance Clostridial bacteria is important to protect animals and humans from Clostridial diseases.
Dong-Ae, KIM,Hany, ABO-MOSALLAM,Hye-Young, LEE,Jung-Hwan, LEE,Hae-Won, KIM,Hae-Hyoung, LEE Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru da Universidade 2015 Journal of applied oral science Vol.23 No.4
<P>Some weaknesses of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) as dental materials, for instance the lack of bioactive potential and poor mechanical properties, remain unsolved. </P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P> The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the partial replacement of CaO with MgO or ZnO on the mechanical and biological properties of the experimental glass ionomer cements.</P><P><B>Material and Methods</B></P><P> Calcium fluoro-alumino-silicate glass was prepared for an experimental glass ionomer cement by melt quenching technique. The glass composition was modified by partial replacement (10 mol%) of CaO with MgO or ZnO. Net setting time, compressive and flexural properties, and <I>in vitro </I>rat dental pulp stem cells (rDPSCs) viability were examined for the prepared GICs and compared to a commercial GIC.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P> The experimental GICs set more slowly than the commercial product, but their extended setting times are still within the maximum limit (8 min) specified in ISO 9917-1. Compressive strength of the experimental GIC was not increased by the partial substitution of CaO with either MgO or ZnO, but was comparable to the commercial control. For flexural properties, although there was no significance between the base and the modified glass, all prepared GICs marked a statistically higher flexural strength (p<0.05) and comparable modulus to control. The modified cements showed increased cell viability for rDPSCs.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P> The experimental GICs modified with MgO or ZnO can be considered bioactive dental materials.</P>
NMR-based Metabolomic Responses of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) by Fipronil Exposure
이수진,오상아,김성혜,Won-Ho Lee,Juyoung Choi,Hani Lee,Yujin Lee,김석만 한국자기공명학회 2020 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.24 No.4
Fipronil, the phenylpyrazole insecticide, is effective and used in various fields. Especially, fipronil was reliable because it was known to be specific on invertebrate animals than vertebrate animals including mammals. However, fipronil had potential risks that affect vertebrate animals as it blocks the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors that also exists in vertebrates as well as invertebrates. Therefore, it was necessary that harmful effects of fipronil on vertebrates are clarified. For this purpose, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) were used on behalf of vertebrate animals in present study. The zebrafish were exposed to 5 µg/L, 25 µg/L, and 50 µg/L of fipronil during 12, 24 and 72 hours. To closely observe toxic process, 12 hours and 24 hours of additional time point were set in the exposure test. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics is an approach to detect metabolic changes in organism resulted from external stimuli. In this study, NMR-based metabolomics showed the metabolic changes in zebrafish caused by fipronil exposure. Metabolic analysis revealed that fipronil interfered with energy metabolism and decreased the antioxidant ability in zebrafish. Antioxidant ability decline was remarkable at high exposure concentration. In addition, metabolic analysis results over time suggested that reactions for alleviating the excessive nerve excitation occurred in zebrafish after fipronil exposure. Through this study, it was elucidated that the adverse effects of fipronil on vertebrate animals are evident. The risk of fipronil on vertebrates can be no longer ignored. Moreover, this study has a meaning of practically necessary research for organism by examining the effects of fipronil at low concentrations existed in real environment.