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Novel GPR43 Agonists Exert an Anti-Inflammatory Effect in a Colitis Model
( Bi-oh Park ),( Jong Soon Kang ),( Suresh Paudel ),( Sung Goo Park ),( Byoung Chul Park ),( Sang-bae Han ),( Young-shin Kwak ),( Jeong-hoon Kim ),( Sunhong Kim ) 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.1
GPR43 (also known as FFAR2), a metabolite-sensing G-protein-coupled receptor stimulated by short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) ligands is involved in innate immunity and metabolism. GPR43 couples with Gαi/o and Gαq/11 heterotrimeric proteins and is capable of decreasing cyclic AMP and inducing Ca<sup>2+</sup> flux. The GPR43 receptor has additionally been shown to bind β-arrestin 2 and inhibit inflammatory pathways, such as NF-κB. However, GPR43 shares the same ligands as GPR41, including acetate, propionate, and butyrate, and determination of its precise functions in association with endogenous ligands, such as SCFAs alone, therefore remains a considerable challenge. In this study, we generated novel synthetic agonists that display allosteric modulatory effects on GPR43 and downregulate NF-κB activity. In particular, the potency of compound 187 was significantly superior to that of preexisting compounds in vitro. However, in the colitis model in vivo, compound 110 induced more potent attenuation of inflammation. These novel allosteric agonists of GPR43 clearly display anti-inflammatory potential, supporting their clinical utility as therapeutic drugs.
Quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of extruded mulberry leaves added milk spread
Han Bi Kim,Mina Kim,Jeong-Sook Choe 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
This study, the applicability of products using mulberry leaves to enhance palatability and functionality was evaluated by preparing a milk spread with extruded mulberry leaf powder and studying physicochemical quality characteristics, sensory characteristics, and antioxidant activity. When preparing the spread, extruded mulberry leaves were added at 1.3%, 2.5%, 3,7% of thee total material. ln the sensory test, color, taste, texture (adhesion, spreadability), and overall preference were evaluated. The spread with 12 g of mulberry leaves was the most preferred. Based on this, a milk spread containing fructo oligosaccharide and butter was prepared using 3.7% extruded mulberry leaves. Milk spread prepared with extrusion mulberry leaf powder was higher than pH of the control group. The sugar content of extruded mulberry milk spread was similar in all samples at 1.7∼1.8 Brix. The moisture content and the Hunter’s color L and b values increased in milk spread added extrusion mulberry leaf than that of the control. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity increased in extruded mulberry spread than that of the mulberry leaf spread.
미생물 발효가 흰점박이꽃무지(Protaetia brevitarsis) 유충의 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향
김한비(Han Bi Kim),김혜수(Hye Soo Kim),조수정(Soo Jeong Cho) 한국생명과학회 2023 생명과학회지 Vol.33 No.12
본 연구에서는 미생물 발효가 큰느타리버섯 수확후배지를 식이한 흰점박이꽃무지 유충의 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 흰점박이꽃무지 유충을 B. subtili, L. brevis, S. cerevisiae, C. militaris으로 발효한 다음 흰점박이꽃무지 유충 추출물(PLE)과 발효 흰점박이꽃무지 유충 추출물(BPLE, LPLE, SPLE, CPLE)의 항산화 활성을 비교하였다. 추출물 PLE와 BPLE, LPLE, SPLE, CPLE의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 각각 58.07±0.67 mg GAEs/extract g, 83.33±0.98 mg GAEs/extract g, 79.21±1.32 mg GAEs/extract g, 61.02±0.87 mg GAEs/extract g과 57.90±1.02 mg GAEs/extract g이었고, 플라보노이드 함량은 각각 17.35±1.57 mg QEs/extract g과 19.49±0.95 mg QEs/extract g, 16.90±1.57 mg QEs/extract g, 18.12±0.95 mg QEs/extract g, 16.99±0.95 mg QEs/extract g이었다. 추출물 PLE와 BPLE, LPLE, SPLE, CPLE의 DPPH에 의한 라디칼소거 활성은 0.2 mg/ml의 농도에서는 시료 간에 유의적 차이를 나타나지 않았지만, 0.4 mg/ml 이상의 농도에서는 추출물 PLE에 비해 BPLE와 LPLE의 DPPH 라디칼 소거능이 우수하였다. 추출물 환원력도 추출물 PLE에 비해 BPLE와 LPLE이 우수하였으며 0.8 mg/ml 이상의 농도에서는 PLE에 비해 BPLE와 LPLE의 환원력이 2배 이상 높게 나타났다. 추출물 PLE와 BPLE, LPLE, SPLE, CPLE의 ORAC 지수는 각각 61.34±0.97 uM TEs/extract g과 79.77±0.82 uM TEs/extract g, 63.52±0.99 uM TEs/extract g, 65.82±1.72 uM TEs/extract g, 62.13±1.32 uM TEs/extract g로 추출물 PLE에 비해 BPLE의 ORAC 지수가 높게 나타났고, RAW 264.7 세포에 대한 추출물의 세포독성을 확인한 결과 추출물 모두 90% 이상의 세포 생존율을 나타내므로 세포 독성을 나타내지 않는 것으로 판단된다. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of fermentation by B. subtilis (BPLE), L. brevis (LPLE), S. cerevisiae (SPLE) and C. militaris (CPLE) on the antioxidant activity of Protaetia brevitarsis larvae fed with mushroom substrates (king oyster mushroom). The total polyphenol content of Protaetia brevitarsis larvae (PLE), BPLE, LPLE, SPLE and CPLE were 58.07±0.67, 83.33±0.98, 79.21±1.32, 61.02±0.87 and 57.90±1.02 mg GAEs/extract g, respectively. The flavonoid contents of the PLE, BPLE, LPLE, SPLE and CPLE were 17.35±1.57, 19.49±0.95, 16.90±1.57, 18.12±0.95 and 16.99±0.95 mg QEs/extract g, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity showed no significant difference between the PLE, BPLE, LPLE, SPLE and CPLE at a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml. However, at a concentration of 0.4 mg/ml or more, the DPPH radical scavenging activity of the BPLE and LPLE was higher than that of the PLE. The reducing power of the BPLE and LPLE was also higher than that of the PLE, and more than twice as high at a concentration of 0.8 mg/ml or more. The ORAC value of the BPLE (79.77±0.82 uM TEs/extract g) was higher than that of the PLE (61.34±0.97 uM TEs/extract g). A WST-1 assay of the RAW 264.7 cells indicated that the PLE, BPLE, LPLE, SPLE and CPLE showed no cytotoxicity.
빅데이터를 통한 전라도 지역 벼 깨씨무늬병 발생지와 비발생지의 논 토양화학성 비교
서한률(Han-Ryul Seo),이단비(Dan-Bi Lee),김보현(Bo-Hyun Kim),김영남(Young-Nam Kim),윤정환(Jung-Hwan Yoon),이지현(Ji-Hyun Lee),김정우(Jeong-Woo Kim),주은지(Eun-Ji Joo),김계훈(Kye-Hoon Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2021 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.11
벼 깨씨무늬병(Helminthosporium leaf spot disease)의 발생은 해당 지역의 토양특성과 밀접한 관련이 있으므로 병 발생에 영향을 주는 토양특성을 파악하는 것은 중요하다. 이를 위하여 통제된 조건에서 실험한 연구는 존재하지만, 전국의 빅 데이터를 기반으로 조사한 연구는 보고된 바 없다. 본 연구에서는 빅 데이터를 기반으로 2020년도 전라도 지역의 벼 깨씨무늬병 발생지와 비 발생지의 논 토양을 비교하여 병 발생에 영향을 미치는 주요 특성을 파악하고자 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 사용된 전라도 토양특성 데이터와 병해충 발생 데이터는 각각 농촌진흥청에서 제공하는 토양 이화학성 데이터와 병해충예찰정보 데이터로부터 추출하였다. 추출한 데이터를 통합한 후 전라도 지역의 벼 깨씨무늬병 발생지와 비 발생지의 논 토양특성을 비교하였다. 조사지역 벼 깨씨무늬병 발생지 토양의 평균 pH는 6.27, EC는 1.23dS/m, 유기물 함량은 24.14g/kg, 유효인산은 113.32mg/kg, 교환성양이온은 칼륨, 칼슘, 마그네슘이 각각 0.496cmolc/kg, 5.943cmolc/kg, 2.044cmolc/kg, 유효규산 205.18mg/kg이었다. 비 발생지 토양의 평균 pH는 6.22, EC는 1.17dS/m, 유기물 함량은 25.1g/kg, 유효인산은 129.79mg/kg, 교환성양이온은 칼륨, 칼슘, 마그네슘이 각각 0.535cmolc/kg, 6.077cmolc/kg, 1.93cmolc/kg, 유효규산은 229.82mg/kg이었다. 전라도 벼 깨씨무늬병 발생지의 토양특성을 조사한 결과 비 발생지 토양보다 pH는 0.05, EC는 0.06dS/m, 마그네슘은 0.11cmolc/kg 높았고 유기물 함량은 0.97g/kg, 유효인산은 16.47mg/kg, 칼륨은 0.04cmolc/kg, 칼슘은 0.13cmolc/kg, 유효규산은 24.64mg/kg 낮았다. 본 연구 결과는 병 방제와 기후변화에 따른 벼 깨씨무늬병 발생 증가에 대비할 수 있는 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 본다.
( Dan Bi Lee ),( Young Hwa Chung ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Yoon Seon Lee ),( Don Lee ),( Jeong Eun Hwang ),( Kang Mo Kim ),( Young Suk Lim ),( Han Chu Lee ),( Eun Sil Yu ),( Young Sang Lee ),( Dong Jin Suh 대한소화기학회 2007 Gut and Liver Vol.1 No.1
Background/Aims: The authors examined whether the response to interferon (IFN) therapy can affect the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: Out of 353 biopsy-proven CHB patients, 229 (65%) were treated with IFN-α for 6 to 12 months. They were followed for a median period of 75 months (range, 6-120). In patients treated with IFN, biochemical and virologic responses were evaluated at the end of treatment (EOT). The cumulative incidence rates of HCC were calculated and analyzed in relation to baseline characteristics as well as biochemical and virologic responses to IFN therapy. Results: The overall cumulative incidence of HCC was 0%, 0.8%, 3.7% and 5.5% at 3, 5, 7 and 8 years, respectively. Age, serum AFP levels and the stage of fibrosis were significantly associated with the occurrence of HCC. As a whole, IFN therapy did not affect the occurrence of HCC. Among the patients treated with IFN, biochemical responders had low HCC incidence rates compared with non-responders (p=0.018). However, the HCC incidence rates of virologic responders were not different from non-responders (p=0.203). Conclusions: Biochemical rather than virologic response to IFN therapy may be more closely associated with decrease of HCC incidence in CHB patients. (Gut and Liver 2007;1:49-55)