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( Un Jin Shim ),( Do Kyeong Song ),( Hye Jin Lee ),( Jee Young Oh ),( Young Sun Hong ),( Han Na Kim ),( Hyung Lae Kim ),( Yeon Ah Sung ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Genetic studies in PCOS are recently focusing on the identification of susceptibility loci through genome-wide associations studies (GWAS). However, GWAS focuses more on individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) meeting a stringent statistical significance and most of the SNPs identified lack a functional relevance. To further elucidate the data obtained from the GWAS, pathway-based approaches are being applied. The aim of this study is to elucidate the biological pathways or gene sets involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS through pathway analysis. Methods: Two thousand unselected women of reproductive age who volunteered for evaluation of PCOS were recruited. After eliminating invalid data through the quality control procedures, 636,797 autosomal SNPs representing 1,221 individuals (432 PCOS and 789 control women) were obtained. Pathway based approach was conducted using meta-analysis gene-set enrichment of variant association (MAGENTA). Top ranking pathways or gene sets associated with PCOS were identified, and significant genes within these pathways were also determined. Results: Biological pathways related with oocyte meiosis, regulation of insulin secretion by acetylcholine and free fatty acids were significant through pathway analysis (all nominal gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) Ps < 0.05) (Table 1). Within these biological pathways, genes including SMC3, PLCZ1, INS, GNAQ, STXBP1, PLCB3 and PLCB2 were also identified (all Gene Ps < 0.05). Conclusions: Through pathway analysis of PCOS, biological pathways and genes associated with ovulation and insulin secretion were identified. These results might provide new insights in elucidating the pathophysiology of PCOS.
Novel Raman Fiber Laser and Fiber-Optic Sensors Using Multi-Channel Fiber Gratings
Han, Young-Geun,Kim, Sang-Hyuck,Lee, Sang-Bae,Kim, Chang-Seok,Kang, Jin-U.,Paek, Un-Chul,Chung, Young-Joo 한국광학회 2003 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.7 No.2
The transmission characteristics of multi-channel long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) in terms of the physical parameters like the separation distance, grating length and number of gratings will be discussed. Their transmission characteristics such as channel spacing, number of channels, loss peak depth, and channel bandwidth can be easily controlled by physical parameters. Based on the experimental results, their applications to optical multiwavelength Raman lasers and optical sensors will be investigated. A multiwavelength Raman fiber ring laser with 9 WDM channels with 100 ㎓ spacing and 19 channels with 50 ㎓ spacing using tunable multi-channel LPFGs will be experimentally demonstrated. The fiber-optic sensing applications with high resolution and sensitivity based on multi-channel LPFGs will be also presented.
Han, Tae-Un,Lee, Hye-Soon,Kang, Changwon,Bae, Sang-Cheol Informa UK Ltd. 2015 Autoimmunity Vol.48 No.5
<P>Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in <I>SLC22A4</I> encoding an organic cation/zwitterion transporter protein, rs2073838 (commonly called slc2F1) and rs3792876 (slc2F2), had been associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in two Japanese and one recent Chinese studies but not in other two Japanese and six Caucasian studies. In this study, the two SNPs were genotyped for 2313 Korean participants and their associations with RA susceptibility and severity were examined. SNP association with RA susceptibility was tested among 1304 RA patients and 1009 healthy controls, and association with joint erosion among 1063 erosive and 241 non-erosive RA patients. Meta-analysis for RA susceptibility association was additionally performed using 10 previous studies and the current one. The two SNPs were almost perfectly correlated with each other (<I>r</I><SUP>2 </SUP>= 0.98), and therefore only slc2F1 was tested for association. RA susceptibility association was not found in Koreans (<I>p</I> = 0.93), but still significant in meta-analysis of six Asian studies including this Korean study (<I>p</I> = 0.00036, odds ratio = 1.1) or all 11 studies additionally including five Caucasian studies (<I>p</I> = 0.00021, odds ratio = 1.1). In contrast, an association was found for RA severity in Koreans. The minor allele <I>A</I> was marginally associated with 1.5-fold increased risk of joint erosion among RA patients afflicted for ≤11 years (<I>p</I> = 0.025) or ≤7 years (<I>p</I> = 0.029), though not among patients with longer-standing RA. Accordingly, <I>SLC22A4</I> was associated with joint erosion in not-very-longstanding RA, although RA susceptibility association was weak and its clinical significance was uncertain.</P>
Mapping of the Reduced Culm Number Trait in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) rcn10(t) Mutant
Un-Sang Yeo,Jong-Hee Lee,Choon-Song Kim,Meong-Gi Jeon,Tae-Yong Oh,Chang-Deok Han,Mun-Sik Shin,Byeong-Geun Oh 한국육종학회 2008 한국육종학회지 Vol.40 No.3
In rice, tillering is an important trait determining yield. To study tillering at the agricultural and molecular aspects, we have examined a spontaneous rice mutant that showed reduction in the number of culms. The mutant was derived from a F6 line of the cross of Junambyeo*4 / IR72. It could produce, on average, 4 tillers per hill in the paddy field while wild-type plants usually have 15. Except the reduced culm numbers, they also show pale green phenotypes. The phenotypes of this mutant were co-segregated as the monogenic Mendelian ratio (χ2 = 0.002, p = 0.969). In order to locate a gene responsible for the rcn phenotype, the mutant with the japonica genetic background was crossed with Milyang21 of the indica background. Bulked segregant analysis was used for rapid determination of chromosomal location. Three SSR markers (RM551, RM8213, and RM16467) on chromosome 4 were genetically associated with the mutant phenotype. Each of the 217 F2 plants was genotyped with simple sequence length polymorphisms. The data showed that RM16572 on chromosome 4 was the closest marker that showed perfect co-segregation among the F2 population. We suggest the new rcn gene studied here name as rcn10t because there was no report which exhibit a rcn phenotype with a pleiotropic effect of pale green (chlorophyll deficiency), and mapped at same position on chromosome 4.
Reduced Graphene Oxide/Mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite Based Perovskite Solar Cells
Han, Gill Sang,Song, Young Hyun,Jin, Young Un,Lee, Jin-Wook,Park, Nam-Gyu,Kang, Bong Kyun,Lee, Jung-Kun,Cho, In Sun,Yoon, Dae Ho,Jung, Hyun Suk American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.42
<P>We report on reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/mesoporous (mp)-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposite based mesostructured perovskite solar cells that show an improved electron transport property owing to the reduced interfacial resistance. The amount of rGO added to the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles electron transport layer was optimized, and their impacts on film resistivity, electron diffusion, recombination time, and photovoltaic performance were investigated. The rGO/mp-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposite film reduces interfacial resistance when compared to the mp-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film, and hence, it improves charge collection efficiency. This effect significantly increases the short circuit current density and open circuit voltage. The rGO/mp-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposite film with an optimal rGO content of 0.4 vol % shows 18% higher photon conversion efficiency compared with the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles based perovskite solar cells.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2015/aamick.2015.7.issue-42/acsami.5b06171/production/images/medium/am-2015-06171k_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am5b06171'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
TRAF1 polymorphisms associated with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in Asians and in Caucasians
Han, Tae-Un,Bang, So-Young,Kang, Changwon,Bae, Sang-Cheol Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Vol.60 No.9
<B>Objective</B><P>Recent genome-wide association scans and replication studies of European populations have disclosed several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the RA-associated loci by genotyping previously reported SNPs and additional tag SNPs in a Korean population.</P><B>Methods</B><P>A total of 1,316 unrelated RA patients and 1,006 controls were genotyped for 12 SNPs identified in genome-wide scans and for 12 additional tag SNPs in IL2RB, OLIG3–TNFAIP3, PTPN22, and TRAF1–C5, and the findings were statistically compared.</P><B>Results</B><P>None of the SNPs tested was associated with RA susceptibility, except rs7021206 in TRAF1 intron 3 (P = 0.0032) and, among the SNPs previously reported, rs6457617 in HLA (P = 4.6 × 10<SUP>−35</SUP>). The association of rs7021206 was positive in patients who were seropositive for rheumatoid factor (P = 0.0051) or for anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide autoantibodies (P = 0.0062). However, Korean patients were negative for the association of rs3761847 in the TRAF1–C5 intergenic region previously reported in Caucasians. Linkage disequilibrium between rs3761847 and rs7021206 was not as high in Koreans (r<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.37) as in Caucasians (r<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.67), which explains the lack of association of rs3761847 in Koreans. Accordingly, RA susceptibility was localized to an extended haplotype marked by rs7021206 rather than rs3761847, and SNPs highly correlated with rs7021206 (r<SUP>2</SUP> ≥ 0.81) extended from rs1953126 in the PHF19–TRAF1 intergenic region to rs2900180 in the TRAF1–C5 intergenic region, spanning 66 kb.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Our results demonstrate that within and around TRAF1, excluding PHF19 and C5, SNPs highly correlated with rs7021206, but not those correlated with rs3761847, are associated with RA in both Asians and Caucasians and are possibly correlated with causative variations.</P>