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Radiation-induced cathepsin S is involved in radioresistance
Seo, Haeng Ran,Bae, Sangwoo,Lee, Yun-Sil Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 International journal of cancer: Journal internati Vol.124 No.8
<P>Previous studies have suggested that the production of cathepsin S (CatS), a cysteine protease, was specifically induced in radiation-induced rat mammary tumors. In this study, we further investigate the mechanism by which CatS is induced by radiation and its function. Radiation induced production of CatS at both the mRNA and protein level, and increased its protease activity. In addition, these radiation induced changes occurred in a dose and time-dependent fashion. Agents such as bleomycin, As<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>, which produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), also induced CatS expression; however, other agents that damage DNA such as taxol and cisplatin did not. Additionally, treatment of the cells with the ROS scavengers, N-acetylcysteine and catalase, inhibited the radiation induced CatS expression. Furthermore, radiation-induced ROS was also involved in IFN-γ production, which was responsible for radiation-mediated CatS expression. Moreover, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) data obtained using an IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) oligonucleotide revealed that IFN regulatory factor-1 (IRF1) was the critical transcriptional mediator of IFN-γ-dependent CatS production after radiation. Finally, CatS overespression was found to induce radioresistance; however, knockdown of CatS resulted in the suppression of radioresistance. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that radiation induced CatS expression via ROS-IFN-γ pathways, and that this increased expression may be involved in radioresistance. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
Aroma Characteristics of Raw and Cooked Tenebrio molitor Larvae (Mealworms)
Hojun Seo,Haeng Ran Kim,In Hee Cho 한국축산식품학회 2020 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.40 No.4
This study compared aroma compositions and sensory aroma attributes of raw and cooked Tenebrio molitor larvae (mealworms). Main sensory aroma attributes of raw mealworms were strong wet-soil-like, and less-intense oily, shrimp-like and sweet-cornlike. Quantitatively, the major aroma components of raw mealworms were hydrocarbons and aldehydes. As cooking proceeded, sweet-corn-like, roasted, and fried-oil-like sensory attributes were increasingly perceived with steaming, roasting, and frying, respectively. Some pyrazines, pyrrolidines, and carbonyls increased or appeared in roasted and fried mealworms. Partial least squares regression also showed differences in raw and cooked mealworms based on aroma components and their sensory attributes. Unlike raw mealworms, steamed mealworms had a relatively strong sweet-corn-like aroma attribute, which was related to 2,4,6-trimethyl-heptane, 2,4-dimethyl-dodecane, and 3,5-dihydroxy- 6-methyl-2,3-dihydropyran-4-one. In comparison, roasted and fried mealworms exhibited roasted, shrimp-like, and fried-oil-like aroma attributes, which were associated with intermediates of the Maillard reaction and lipid oxidation, such as pyrazines, alcohols, and aldehydes. This result during thermal reactions was very similar to those of meat and/or seafood. The use of mealworms as a savory-type flavor enhancer can be expected.
Chung, Lana,Chung, Seo-Jin,Kim, Jin-Young,Kim, Kwang-Ok,O’Mahony, Michael,Vickers, Zata,Cha, Sung-Mi,Ishii, Rie,Baures, Katie,Kim, Haeng-Ran Elsevier 2012 Food quality and preference Vol.26 No.1
<P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Acceptance of Korean foods among US and Koreans were investigated. ► Stronger cultural differences were observed in the beverage than salad dressing. ► Familiarity and perceived context (traditional vs. ethnic) were both important. ► Labeling effect was relatively small compared to other factors. ► Food/flavor scales may partly predict the acceptance of Korean foods.</P> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The effects of sensory and non-sensory factors on the liking of Korean style salad dressings and beverages among US subjects in two locations (California and Minnesota) and Korean subjects were investigated. Four types of dressing and five types of beverage samples were evaluated. Approximately, half of the subjects evaluated the samples under blind-labeled conditions while the other half evaluated the samples labeled with their corresponding names and flavor descriptions. The liking of each sample was rated and the reasons for liking and disliking each sample were surveyed. Various food attitudes were measured on the food neophobic scale, VARSEEK scale, and flavor attitude scales. Soy sauce & vinegar dressing was the most preferred sample among the US subjects, whereas sesame seed dressing was preferred as much as the soy sauce & vinegar dressing among Koreans. Cinnamon-ginger flavored beverage was preferred the most among the US subjects, whereas rice punch was preferred the most among Koreans. Sample labeling effect was relatively small compared to other factors. VARSEEK and food neophobia scale showed stronger effect on beverage than salad dressing. Preference attitudes for hot & spicy and roasted carbohydrate flavors affected the acceptance of salad dressing among consumers in California whereas preference attitude for garlic flavor affected the acceptance of dressing among consumers in Minnesota.</P>
Kang, Ga-Young,Pyun, Bo-Jeong,Seo, Haeng Ran,Jin, Yeung Bae,Lee, Hae-June,Lee, Yoon-Jin,Lee, Yun-Sil American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2013 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.288 No.45
<P>Our previous study suggested that the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) interacts with Snail1, which affects genomic instability, sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, and migration of tumor cells by reciprocal regulation between DNA-PKcs and Snail1. Here, we further investigate that a peptide containing 7-amino acid sequences (amino acids 15–21) of Snail1 (KPNYSEL, SP) inhibits the endogenous interaction between DNA-PKcs and Snail1 through primary interaction with DNA-PKcs. SP restored the inhibited DNA-PKcs repair activity and downstream pathways. On the other hand, DNA-PKcs-mediated phosphorylation of Snail1 was inhibited by SP, which resulted in decreased Snail1 stability and Snail1 functions. However, these phenomena were only shown in p53 wild-type cells, not in p53-defective cells. From these results, it is suggested that interfering with the protein interaction between DNA-PKcs and Snail1 might be an effective strategy for sensitizing cancer cells and inhibiting tumor migration, especially in both Snail1-overexpressing and DNA-PKcs-overexpressing cancer cells with functional p53.</P>
Song, Yeonhwa,Park, I-Seul,Kim, Jiho,Seo, Haeng Ran Elsevier 2019 Chemico-biological interactions Vol.309 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Liver cancer is one of the most frequently occurring types of cancer with high mortality rate. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently metastasizes to lung, portal vein, and portal lymph nodes and most HCCs show strong resistance to conventional anticancer drugs. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered to be responsible for resistance to therapies. Hence, recent advancements in the use of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are rapidly gaining recognition as an efficient and organized means for developing antitumor agents. We aimed to use a non-target-based high-throughput screening (HTS) approach to specifically target α-fetoprotein (AFP)<SUP>+</SUP>/cluster of differentiation (CD)133<SUP>+</SUP> HCC present in mixed populations of HCC cells and hepatocytes.</P> <P>Herein, we identified actinomycin D (ActD) as a potential antitumor agent that significantly inhibits activity of LCSCs without affecting the co-cultured hepatocytes. To determine the mechanism of ActD-induced tumor-specificity in LCSC, we applied various cell-based assay models <I>in vitro.</I> In fact, ActD significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and DNA damage in Huh7 HCC cells, but not in Fa2N-4 cells, immortalized hepatocytes. Treatment of spheroid-forming LCSCs with ActD effectively decreased spheroid formation and the CD133<SUP>+</SUP> HCC cell population. Importantly, these ActD-mediated effects are a result of inhibition of cystine/glutamate transporter xCT expression, via attenuation of CD133 synthesis. These results indicate that ActD suppresses stemness and malignant properties in HCC cells through destabilization of xCT, by inhibition of CD133 expression in LCSCs. The effects of ActD on LCSCs provide novel therapeutic strategies for targeting cancer stem-like cells in liver cancer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CD133 regulates expression of xzCT for regulation of ROS in liver cancer stem cells. </LI> <LI> Actinomycin D (ActD) suppresses stemness and malignant properties in HCC cells. </LI> <LI> ActD destabilizes xCT, by inhibition of CD133 expression in CD133<SUP>+</SUP> HCC. </LI> </UL> </P>