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소혜림(Hye-Rim So),소건백(Gun-Baek So),진강규(Gang-Gyoo Jin) 제어로봇시스템학회 2016 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.22 No.9
Due to its simplicity and high reliability, the box-counting(BC) method is one of the most frequently used techniques to estimate the fractal dimensions of a binary image with a self-similarity property. The fractal calculation requires data sampling that determines the size of boxes to be sampled from the given image and directly affects the accuracy of the fractal dimension estimation. There are three non-overlapping regular grid methods: geometric-step method, arithmetic-step method and divisor-step method. These methods have some drawbacks when the image size M becomes large. This paper presents a BC algorithm for enhancing the accuracy of the fractal dimension estimation based on a new sampling method. Instead of using the geometric-step method, the new sampling method, called the coverage ratio-step method, selects the number of steps according to the coverage ratio. A set of experiments using well-known fractal images showed that the proposed method outperforms the existing BC method and the triangular BC method.
Kim, Da-Ran,Gang, Gun-hye,Jeon, Chang-Wook,Kang, Nam Jun,Lee, Sang-woo,Kwak, Youn-Sig The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.4
Strawberry bacterial angular leaf spot (ALS) disease, caused by Xanthomonas fragariae has become increasingly problematic in the strawberry agro-industry. ALS causes small angular water-soaked lesions to develop on the abaxial leaf surface. Studies reported optimum temperature conditions for X. fragariae are $20^{\circ}C$ and the pathogen suffers mortality above $32^{\circ}C$. However, at the nursery stage, disease symptoms have been observed under high temperature conditions. In the present study, results showed X. fragariae transmission was via infected maternal plants, precipitation, and sprinkler irrigation systems. Systemic infections were detected using X. fragariae specific primers 245A/B and 295A/B, where 300-bp and 615-bp were respectively amplified. During the nursery stage (from May to August), the pathogen was PCR detected only in maternal plants, but not in soil or irrigation water through the nursery stage. During the cultivation period, from September to March, the pathogen was detected in maternal plants, progeny, and soil, but not in water. Additionally, un-infected plants, when planted with infected plants were positive for X. fragariae via PCR at the late cultivation stage. Chemical control for X. fragariae with oxolinic acid showed 87% control effects against the disease during the nursery period, in contrast to validamycin-A, which exhibited increased efficacy against the disease during the cultivation stage (control effect 95%). To our knowledge, this is the first epidemiological study of X. fragariae in Korean strawberry fields.
Insect Pollinators use in Cypripedium japonicum Thunb.
Ji Hun Na,Jong Chul Jeong,Gun Hye Gang,Jae Hwan Gwon 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.04
덕유산국립공원 내 멸종위기 야생생물 Ⅰ급 광릉요강꽃(Cypripedium japonicum Thunb.)의 자생지 보전과 복원기초자 료 축적을 위해 개화기에 찾아오는 곤충을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 5개목 19과 26종의 곤충이 관찰되었지만 꽃 내부로 출입하는 곤충은 벌목 뿐 이었다. 광릉요강꽃 구조상 화분 매개를 위해서는 우수리뒤영벌(Bombus ussurensis)과 호박벌(Bombus ignitus)과 같은 몸체의 두께가 1cm 내외의 꿀벌과가 효과적이다. 그렇지만 꿀벌과 곤충은 꽃이 질 무렵(5월 18일 이후)부터 관찰되었으며, 꽃 내부로 출입하는 비율은 14.3%로 다른 과(Family)에 비해 낮게 나타났다. 광릉요강꽃의 자연수정률이 낮은 원인으로 화분매개곤충의 활동시기와 개화시기가 일치하지 않는 점으로 여겨지 는 바, 개화시기와 화분매개곤충의 유효적산온도와의 상관관계를 연구할 필요가 있다. 더불어 새순이 날 때 진딧물류, 수정된 씨방에서 굴파리(Ophiomyia sp.)가 발견되어 결실율을 높이기 위해서는 이들의 기주식물을 조사해 자생지에서 격리 및 타 기주 내 방제방법 연구가 필요하다.
산과적 출혈의 처치에 있어서 동맥색전술의 적용실례, 효과 및 합병증
박보라 ( Bo Ra Park ),이나혜 ( Na Hye Lee ),김윤숙 ( Yun Sook Kim ),문성택 ( Seong Taek Mun ),선우재근 ( Jae Gun Sunwoo ),배동한 ( Dong Han Bae ),강채훈 ( Chae Hun Gang ) 대한주산의학회 2009 Perinatology Vol.20 No.1
목적: 보존적 방법으로 조절되지 않는 산과적 출혈의 처치에 있어 본원에서 2년간의 정맥 색전술의 적용실례, 효과 및 합병증에 대해 알아보기 위해 시행했다. 방법: 2006년 1월 1일부터 2008년 12월 31일까지 순천향대학교 천안병원 산부인과학교실에 내원하여 내과적인 방법과 보존적인 지혈방법으로 지혈이 이루어지지 않아 동맥색전술을 받은 25명의 환자를 대상으로 했다. 결과: 적응증으로는 자궁이완증 10예, 제왕절개 시 근종절제수술을 함께 받았던 경우가 6예, 비정상적인 태반 이상의 경우가 5예, 동-정맥 기형이 3예, 자궁경부 임신의 경우가 1예였다. 전체 성공률은 25명 중 22명으로 88%였다. 평균 수혈량은 환자 1인 당 7.2 unit이었고, 색전술에 소요된 시간은 평균 55분이며, 평균 재원일수는 5.5일이었다. 성공한 22명에서 모두 정상적으로 생리가 돌아왔다. 합병증은 시술 후 한 명에서 우측하지 감각이상을 호소했고, 다른 한 명에서 생리량 감소가 있었다. 결론: 본 연구에서 보존적 치료에 실패한 산과적 출혈 환자에 있어서 색전술은 대량실혈을 방지하면서 자궁을 보존할 수 있는 비교적 안전하면서도 효과가 뛰어난 이상적인 방법임을 보여주고 있다. Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the indications, effectiveness and complications associated with uterine arterial embolization as an alternative treatment of obstetrical hemorrhage. Methods: From January 2006 to December 2008, 25 patients who underwent angiographic embolization for the obstetrical hemorrhage that was not responsive to conventional treatments, like obstetric maneuvers and uterotonic drugs, were included in our study. All medical records were reviewed and detailed clinical data such as clinical status, underlying conditions, amount of transfusion, embolized arteries, hospital stay, the success rate and the complications were collected. Results: We have experienced clinically successful embolization in 22 (88%) of 25 patients with obstetrical hemorrhage resulting from various causes. After embolization, the patients` vital signs were stabilized. The causes of hemorrhage were atony of uterus (n=10), myomectomy during cesarean section (n=6), abnormal placentation (n=5), arterio-venous malformation (n=3), and cervical pregnancy (n=1). The average amount of blood transfusion was 7.2 units (range; 0~39 units). The average length of the time for the procedure was 55 minutes (range: 25~96 minutes). The average duration of hospitalization was 5.5 days (range: 2~14 days). In 22 patients, menses resumed spontaneously after procedures. The main complications after embolization were numbness and pain on lower extremities (n=1), and hypomenorrhea (n=1). Conclusion: The atrerial embolization is one of the safe and effective procedures that offers patients an alternative to hysterectomy for the treatment of intractable postpartum hemorrhage.
Choi, Hong-Hee,Shin, Dong-Min,Kang, Gun,Kim, Ki-Hye,Park, Jin Bong,Hur, Gang Min,Lee, Hye-Mi,Lim, Yun-Ji,Park, Jeong-Kyu,Jo, Eun-Kyeong,Song, Chang-Hwa Elsevier 2010 FEBS letters Vol.584 No.11
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> (Mtb) infection leads to the induction of the apoptotic response, which is associated with bacilli killing. The early secreted mycobacterial antigen ESAT-6 of Mtb has been shown to induce apoptosis in human macrophages and epithelial cells. In the present study, we demonstrate that the stimulation of human epithelial A549 cells by ESAT-6 induces the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. We observed that ESAT-6 treatment increases intracellular Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> concentration, which results in ROS accumulation, and therefore induces the onset of ER stress-induced apoptosis. Our results uncover a novel apoptotic mechanism of ESAT-6 through ER stress responses in pathologic conditions such as tuberculosis.</P>