Seasonal phenology and damage by Singapora shinshana (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and other leafhoppers on ornamental trees in Korea

Kim Hyun‐guk,Kabir Md. Faisal,An Hyeon Jeong,Mwamula Abraham Okki,Oh Sumin,Jung Sunghoon,Lee Dong Woon 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.9

Singapora shinshana is a leafhopper native to mid-Asia with a specific host range and is one of the least studied species within the genus. Recently, the species has been found to cause significant damage to host plants including ornamental trees, normally inflicted by its sucking behavior. This study uncovered more details on host and season preference of S. shinshana, damage potential and symptoms caused by its feeding behavior on ornamental trees in Korea, in addition to other records of other leafhoppers of economic importance. During the sticky trap survey period from 2017 to 2019, 12 leafhopper species were recovered from the eight selected ornamental tree species. Singapora shinshana was the most dominant species, constituting 94.8% of the total collected leafhopper population; with its highest incidence observed on Prunus serrulata, followed by Elaeagnus umbellata and Pseudocydonia sinensis. The high abundance on P. serrulata correlated with high damaged leaf percentages of 94.2%, 95.2%, and 98.1% in October 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Interestingly, in terms of damaged leaf percentage, Rosa hybrida and Zelkova serrata were the second and third most damaged hosts despite the significantly lower population of the leafhopper on these trees. Furthermore, S. shinshana counts increased from late-July to late-September, with the peak evident during early August. Prunus serrulata can therefore be taken as one of the main host plants of S. shinshana. However, the potential of the host to suffer damage is not limited to population densities of the pest alone but also susceptibility and tolerance of the host plant.

Metagenomic Analysis of Fungal Communities Inhabiting the Fairy Ring Zone of Tricholoma matsutake

( Miae Kim1 ),( Hyeok Jun Yoon ),( Young Hyun You ),( Ye Eun Kim ),( Ju Ri Woo ),( Yeong Gyo Seo ),( Gyeong Min Lee ),( Young Ja Kim ),( Won Sik Kong ),( Jong Guk Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.10

Tricholoma matsutake, an ectomycorrhiza that has mutual relationships with the rootlet of Pinus denisflora, forms a fruiting body that serves as a valuable food in Asia. However, the artificial culture of this fungus has not been successful. Soil fungi, including T. matsutake, coexist with many other microorganisms and plants; therefore, complex microbial communities have an influence on the fruiting body formation of T. matsutake. Here, we report on the structures of fungal communities associated with the fairy ring of T. matsutake through the pyrosequencing method. Soil samples were collected inside the fairy ring zone, in the fairy ring zone, and outside the fairy ring zone. A total of 37,125 sequencing reads were obtained and 728 to 1,962 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were observed in the sampling zones. The fairy ring zone had the lowest OTUs and the lowest fungal diversity of all sampling zones. The number of OTUs and fungal taxa inside and outside the fairy ring zone was, respectively, about 2 times and 1.5 times higher than the fairy ring. Taxonomic analysis showed that each sampling zone has different fungal communities. In particular, out of 209 genera total, 6 genera in the fairy ring zone, such as Hemimycena, were uniquely present and 31 genera, such as Mycena, Boletopsis, and Repetophragma, were specifically absent. The results of metagenomic analysis based on the pyrosequencing indicate a decrease of fungal communities in the fairy ring zone and changes of fungal communities depending on the fairy ring growth of T. matsutake.

고능력 젖소 축군의 집단번식관리프로그램 적용에 의한 번식효율의 개선

노경수,김의형,남현욱,서국현,강현구,김일화 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8

We investigated the effect of reproductive herd health program (RHHP) on the reproductive performance in high yielding dairy herds. Data collected from 205 lactations at Boeun County, Chungbuk from April 2001 to Dec. 2003 included postpartum reproductive and metabolic diseases, body condition score (BCS), reproductive performance and milking records. First we compared the reproductive performance of cows without RHHP (pre-RHHP group) and cows with RHHP (RHHP group). Intervals from calving to first service (99.6 vs. 81.8 days) and to conception (160.3 vs. 131.8 days) were shorter in the RHHP group than in the pre-RHHP group. Secondly, we determined the effect of milk yield (305 days) on the occurrence of postpartum diseases, BCS changes, and reproductive performance in cows under RHHP, The occurrence of metritis and metabolic diseases were greater in the over-10,000 kg group than in the under-l0,000 kg group. The over-10,000 kg group lost more body condition than the under-10,000 kg group from calving to month 3 postpartum. Nevertheless, reproductive performance did not differ between the two groups. These results indicate that reproductive performance can be improved by the application of RHHP in high yielding dairy herds and that reproductive performance in the cows under RHHP are not affected by high milk yielding.

Double keyhhole loop에 의한 상악 6전치의 후방견인시 치아이동양상에 관한 측모두부방사선계측학적 연구

김현경,박영국 대한치과교정학회 2002 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.32 No.1

일반적으로 치조성 양악전돌증의 치료는 환자의 나이나 골격 부조화의 원인, 심도 등에 따라 다른데, 환자의 성장이 이미 완료되고 골격적 부조화의 정도가 심하지 않은 경우에는 치아의 이동만으로 문제를 해소하는 교정적인 절충치료를 행하게 되며 심미성의 증진을 위해서는 소구치, 특히 제1소구치 발치가 적절한 선택일 수 있다. 제1소구치의 발치 후 전치부의 En Masse 견인시 이용되고 있는 double keyhole loop(이하 DKHL로 약함)에는 4개의 루프가 있어 발치 공간 폐쇄시 견치 치관의 원심경사를 조절하고 구치 치관이 근심측으로 경사되는 것을 막아 교합평면의 굴곡을 방지하는 효과가 있는 한편 견치의 회전을 조절할 수 있도록 설계되어 있다. 이 연구는 Ⅰ급 치조성 양악전돌증 Ⅱ급 1류 부정교합이 있는 성인환자를 대상으로 상, 하악 6전치를 후방이동시킴으로써 연조직의 변화를 가져와 심미적으로 좋은 치료의 결과를 얻기 위해 상악 제1소구치를 발거하여 DKHL에 의해 치료가 완료된 환자의 측모두부방사선사진에서 치료 전, 후의 골격적인 변화와 치아치조영역의 변화를 알아보기 위해 시행되었고, 다음의 결론을 얻었다. 1. DKHL에 의한 치료 전, 후의 골격적인 변화는 SNB의 감고경향(0.49 ± 0.87°, p<0.05)과 PTFH의 증가경향(0.50 ± 0.8 ㎜, p<0.05)을 제외하고는 통계적으로 유의한 변화를 나타내지 않았고 주된 변화는 치아치조영역에서 일어났다. 2. 치료 후 치아치조영역에서는 절치간각을 제외한 모든 계측항목에서 통계적으로 유의할 만한 감소를 보였다. 3. 상하순의 돌출도 모두 유의성 있는 감소를 나타내었다. 4. 상악 전치의 치관은 통계적으로 유의할 만한 후방이동(7.08 ± 2.14 ㎜, p<0.01)을 보였고, 상악 전치의 치근에서는 통계적으로 유의할 만한 수직고경의 감소(2.38 ± 1.15 ㎜, p<0.01)를 보였다. 5. 상악 구치의 치관, 치근 모두에서 통계적으로 유의할 만한 전방이동(2.48 ± 0.99 ㎜, 2.05 ± 0.91 ㎜, p<0.01)을 보였다. The present study hypothesized that the double keyhole looped archwire plays a positive role for the sake of translatory movement and/or controlled tipping of upper 6 anteriors, and secures anchorage control as well. The purposes of the study were to evaluate the changes in lateral cephalograms during orthodontic treatment with DKHLs and to compare the skeletal & dental changes before- & after-treatment. The materials of this study were lateral cephalograms of 20 adult patients with upper dentoalveolar protrusion both in class Ⅰ and in Ⅱ Division 1 malocclusion. Lateral cephalograms were taken before and after orthodontic treatment with upper 1st bicuspid extraction and DKHLs. The results were obtained as follows : 1. There were no statistically significant differences in skeletal measurement except SNB and PTFH between before- & after-treatment. The major changes were in dentoalveolar region. 2. After treatment, there were statistically significant decrease in dental measurement except interincisal angle. 3. Both upper & lower lip protrusion was decreased. 4. There were statistically differences in upper anterior crown horizontal & root vertical dimension(7.08 ± 2.14 ㎜, 2.38 ± 1.15 ㎜, p<0.01). 5. There were statistically differences in upper posterior dental(both crown & root) horizontal dimension(2.48 ± 0.99 ㎜, 2.05 ± 0.91 ㎜, p<0.01).

힐버트 공간 채움 곡선을 이용한 공간 질의 결과 크기 추정

김현국,황환규 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2003 정보통신논문지 Vol.7 No.-

Spatial query processing in large spatial databases costs very much. Therefore the query result size estimation is required to reduce the cost for the optimized query plan. To this end, we estimate the query result size from the summary data which is obtained by approximating the distribution and characteristics of the spatial data. new spatial partitioning technique based on the Hilbert space filling curve combined with the Equi-Count In this paper, we examine the several existing spatial partitioning techniques such as Equi-Area and Equi-Count partitioning, and R-tree indexing partitioning. We propose apartitioning technique. A variety of experiments demonstarate that the proposed partitioning technique is superior to the existing ones.

淳于意의 診籍에 나타난 疾病의 考察

金富煥,朴炫局 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1995 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.4 No.-

The aim of this study is to compare the diseases which are in the Sun Woo-Yee」s charts with the diseases which are in the medical books excavated in MA WANG TEI(馬王堆), 「YOUNG COO(靈樞)」 and 「So MUN(素問)」, and to investigate their interactions. The results obtained are as follows : 1. JOE(疽) which is made in stomach and bowels is not found at the medical books excavated in MA WANG THI(馬王堆), 「YOUNG COO(靈樞)」 and 「SO MUN(素問)」, JOE(疽) which is made on the breast similar to JOE(疽) which is made on the chest of 「YOUNG COO(靈樞)」. 2. It is said in Sun Woo-Yee(淳于意)'s charts that mental depression blocks up the circulation of Kl(氣), and it is the same viewpoint of 「YOUNG COO(靈樞)」and 「SO MUN(紫間)」. 3. The POONG GYUL(風??) and the YOUL GYUL(熱??) that are found in the Sun Woo-yee(淳于意)'s charts is similar to those of 「SO MUN(素問)」, but different from those of「YOUNG COO(靈樞)」. 4. It is regarded that YOUNG SAN(湧疝) in the Sun Woo-Yee(淳干意)'s charts is similar to the COONG SAN(??疝) in 「SO MUN(索問)」, KI SAN(氣疝) in the Sun Woo-Yee(淳于意)'s charts is related to the TUI SAN(癲疝) of the medical books excavated in MA WANG TUI(馬王堆), 「YOUNG COO(靈樞)」 and 「SO MUN(素閒)」, MO SAN(牡癌) in the Sun Woo-Yee(淳于意)'s charts is considered PE SAN(肺疝) and PE POONG SAN(肺風疝) in 「SO MUN(素問)」, but more and deeper study is required. In the change of the terms : from TUI SAN(癲疝) to TUl SAN(癲疝), from PYUN SAN(偏疝) to H0 SAN(狐疝), it can be guessed that the terms changed, as new doctrines were introduced and reorganiged with the development of the medical theory. 5. POONG BI(風痺) in the Sun Woo-Yee(淳于意)'s charts is not found in 「YOUNG COO(靈樞)」, but it is similar to DAN FEVER(??熱) in 「So MUN(素問)」. It is regarded that PE SO DAN(肺消癲) in the Sun Woe-Yee(淳于意)'s charts is the same as that of 「YOUNG COO(靈樞)」. 6. DONG PUNG(동風) in Sun Woo-Yee(淳于意)'s charts is not found in 「YOUNG COO(靈樞)」and 「SO MUN(素問)」, but it seems like DONG SOEL(洞泄) in 「YOUNG COO(靈櫃)」. It is regarded that the DONG PUNG(동風)』 in the Sun Woo-Yee(淳于意)'s charts was at first changed into DONG SOEL(洞泄), and later differentiated into DONG SOEL(洞泄) and SON SOEL(손泄). 7. In the Sun Woo-Yee(淳子意)'a charts, the treatment of the decayed tooth had the classification of the right and left, seeing cauterization with moxa on SU YANG MYOUNG MAEK(手陽明脈), it is considered that the tooth was decayed in the lower right region. A tooth was related to QI MAEK(齒脈) and BI YANG MYUNG MAEK(臂陽明脈) in the early stage, but gradually was related to not only SU YANG MYUNG MAEK(手陽明脈) but also JOK YANG MYUNG MAEK(足陽明脈), JOK SO YIN MAEK(足少陰脈), JOK TAE YIN MAEK(足太陰脈), and in regards to the tooth and KYUNG MAEK(經脈), 「YOUNG COO(靈樞)」 emphasised the course of the KYUNG MAEK(經脈), 「SO MUN(素問)」 emphasised the attachment of the five elements. 8. In regards to BI(痺) , the importance of the five elements thee given in the Sun Woo-yee(淳于意)'s charts is similar to that of 「SO MUN(素問)」, and 「YOUNG COO(靈樞)」 and the medical books excavated in MA WANG TUI(馬王堆) give the same importance to the KYUNG MAEK(經脈) theory. 9. The explanation of the irregular menstruation in the Sun Woo-Yee(淳于意)'s charts was fundamentally similar to that of 「SO MUN(素問)」, but it shows the another theory that can not found in 「SO MUN(素問)」.

시스템 다이내믹스를 이용한 간호단위별 간호인력 산정에 관한 연구

김문실,성영희,권경자,김도형,김정아,신덕신,유인자,유재국,이현숙 병원간호사회 2006 임상간호연구 Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to forecast manpower by building the nursing manpower-staffing model(surgical-medical nursing unite). Method: The system dynamics approach was adapted to build a simulation model for calculating medical-surgical nursing manpower-staffing. The model was built up on Venism 5.0b DSS. Result: The results in the basic circumstance are in following. The level of nursing service quality, patientsatisfaction, and nurse job satisfaction maintains higher at medical-surgical nursing unit of the tertiary hospitals with the ratio of bed to nurse 2.5:1-3.0:1 than at any other situations. The level of nursing service quality, patient satisfaction, and nurse job satisfaction maintains higher at madical nursing unit of the secontary hospotals with the ratio of bed to nurse 3.0:1 and at surgical nursing unit of the secondary hospitals with the ratio of bed to nurse 3.0:1-3.5:1 than at any other situations in the fundamental from. The results in the simulation circumstance are in following, As author raises the operating rate of bed into 95-100%, and cut skilled nursing staff down, the level of nursing-service quality, patient satisfaction, and nurse job satisfaction drops slightly. Conclusion: In terms of economic efficiency on tertiary hospotals, the ratio of bed to nurse for the best reasonable medical-surgical nursing manpower-staffing is 3.0:1. In terms of economic efficiency on secondary hospitals, the ratio of bed to nurse for the best reasonable medical nursing manpower-staffing is 3.0:1 and surgical nursing manpower-staffing is 3.5:1

기니이픽 장관의 c-Kit 및 NK 1R 면역반응 세포구조에 대한 공초점 주사현미경적 연구

장인엽,김종중,문정석,김현곤,박찬국,전제열,전규배,조철희,유호진 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.1

Background and Objectives: Immunolabelling of interstitial Cajal(IC) cells in the intestinal wall has recently been developed by using a specific marker, the anti-c-Kit antibody. Substance-P is a well-known neurotransmitter in the gastro-intestinal tract. Since the gastro-intestinal wall structures have already been well documented in the guinea pig, immunohistochemistry was done for the c-Kit-positive IC network and substance-P receptor(NK1R) in an attempt to provide a morphological basis for the mechanism regulating gastro-intestinal movement. Materials and Methods: Cryosection and whole-mount preparations of guinea pig small intestine and colon were single and double immunolabelled using the anti-c-Kit and NK1R antibodies. Immunolabelled specimens were observed under a confocal laser scanning microscope. Results : According to a three dimensional reconstruction study, it was found that (1) the c-Kit-positive celluar networks were widely distributed in the intestinal wall, (2) c-Kit-positive celluar networks encircled the ganlion, with strands in reticular configurations, and (3) the c-Kit-positive cells showed colocalization with NK1R in circular muscle(CM), not myenteric plexus(MY). Conclusion: The charateristic profiles of IC containing c-Kit-positive celluar networks and the relationship between c-Kit-positive and NK1R-positive structures provide a morphological basis upon the mechanism regulating gastro-intestinal motility.

폴리에스테르 제조폐수의 전해처리

이무강,김영철,임경천,김현국 경성대학교 생산기술연구소 1997 생산기술연구지 Vol.4 No.-

This study emphasize on removal of organic matter by indirect oxidation process. In the electrolytic treatment, ??, ?? is producted by chloride. ??, ?? is used to organic matter oxidation. This study was conducted for the effects of organic matter oxidation, electrolysis time, electric current, ?? concentrations, and pH due to production of ??, ?? by electrolysis. Also, possibility on the second treatment by activated carbon adsorption was investigated. The results obtained were as follows : pH was rapidly increased less than 10 minutes, and was maintained after 30 minutes. When the temperature was not constantly maintained. The removal rate of TOC was increased up to 32% with the increasing of ?? concentrations and the increasing of electrolytic current. Effects of pH was not observed. When electrolysis was not carried out, adsorption constant k and 1/n were 0.017, 1.684, respectively. After the electrolysis with 1, 3, 5, 8A electrolysis, k and 1/n were 0.02, 0.022, 0.025, 0.018, 0.874, 0.518, and 0.887, 0.77, respectively. This result indicated that the wastewater included some material which is difficult to decompose. This wastewater need to pretreatment rather than independent electrolysis.

니트로크라이센 유도체의 합성에 관한 연구

黃匡鎭,김진국,남현우 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術 Vol.11 No.-

In an attempt to provide a useful light-emitting material in the organic electroluminescence diode, nitrochrysene 5 was prepared by the nitration of the tetrahydrochrysene 4 using dinitrogen tetraoxide as a key step. The chrysene 4 was obtained from the methyl cinnamate in 3 steps. The mono-nitration was confirmed by the IR, ^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR spectra of chrysene 5. The results suggest that the synthetic methods for the nitrochrysene 5 is applicable to the synthesis of various chrysene derivatives containing donor-acceptor groups at 2, 8-positions.