Prostitution and Women’s Sexual Rights in Contemporary China

Guirong SUN 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2016 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 학술대회자료집 Vol.2016 No.1

Prostitution has been eradicated in Chairman Mao Period, while it reappears in China’s reform era and becomes more serious and complicated. Some sexologists claim “legalization” or “decriminalization” of prostitution, while other researchers propose to punish more severely on prostitutes. This paper disagrees with those simple and radical ideas from perspectives of theoretical interpretations and field surveys. It maintains that women’s sexual rights can’t be simplified and idealized. Differing from homosexuals, prostitute are not only alternative gender identities, but involved in money, power, class, moral, crime, or other public issues. “Legalization” or “decriminalization” of prostitution will cause more social problems, and will not benefit prostitutes in the long run. China’s supervision of prostitutes should connect with its current anti-corrupt action. And the key point of caring for poor prostitutes is to offer enough jobs and sources so that they could live well without prostitution. Experiences and lessons of Jinv Gaizao Yundong (prostitutes-transformed movement) in Chairman Mao period are still valuable for today’s China.

Damage detection on a full-scale highway sign structure with a distributed wireless sensor network

Zhuoxiong Sun,Sriram Krishnan,Greg Hackmann,Guirong Yan,Shirley J. Dyke,Chenyang Lu,Ayhan Irfanoglu 국제구조공학회 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.16 No.1

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged as a novel solution to many of the challenges of structural health monitoring (SHM) in civil engineering structures. While research projects using WSNs are ongoing worldwide, implementations of WSNs on full-scale structures are limited. In this study, a WSN is deployed on a full-scale 17.3m-long, 11-bay highway sign support structure to investigate the ability to use vibration response data to detect damage induced in the structure. A multi-level damage detection strategy is employed for this structure: the Angle-between-String-and-Horizon (ASH) flexibility-based algorithm as the Level I and the Axial Strain (AS) flexibility-based algorithm as the Level II. For the proposed multi-level damage detection strategy, a coarse resolution Level I damage detection will be conducted first to detect the damaged region(s). Subsequently, a fine resolution Level II damage detection will be conducted in the damaged region(s) to locate the damaged element(s). Several damage cases are created on the full-scale highway sign support structure to validate the multi-level detection strategy. The multi-level damage detection strategy is shown to be successful in detecting damage in the structure in these cases.

Effect of pre-miRNA-1658 gene polymorphism on chicken growth and carcass traits

Jianzhou Shi,Guirong Sun 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.4

Objective: Polymorphisms occurring in the precursor region of microRNAs (miRNAs) affect the target gene and alter the biogenesis of miRNAs, resulting in phenotypic variation. The purpose of the study was to investigate the genetic effects of rs16681031 (C>G) mutation in the precursor region of gga-miR-1658 on the economic traits of the Gushi-Anka chicken F2 resource population. Methods: To explore the effect of miR-1658 polymorphisms on chicken economic traits, the SNP was genotyped by MassArray matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The association between the SNP and chicken body size, growth and carcass traits was determined by linear mixed models. Results: The SNP was not only significantly associated with body weight at the age of 6, 8, 10, 12 weeks, respectively, but also with the breadth of the chicken chest, body slanting length and pelvic breadth at 4 weeks, chest depth at 8 weeks of age, and body slanting length at 12 weeks (p<0.05), respectively. Conclusion: Our data serve as a useful resource for further analysis of miRNA function, and represent a molecular genetic basis for poultry breeding.

Molecular Cloning, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of Chicken Δ-6 Desaturase

Kang, Xiangtao,Bai, Yichun,Sun, Guirong,Huang, Yanqun,Chen, Qixin,Han, Ruili,Li, Guoxi,Li, Fadi Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.1

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) promote the development of brain and vision of the fetus, relieve inflammation, inhibit oral dysplasia of rumor cell, decrease the incidence of cardiovascular disease and regulate arrhythmia. ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase is the rate-limited enzyme in the desaturation process. This study reports the cloning, characterization and tissue expression of a ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase gene in the chicken. PCR primers were designed based on the predicted sequence of chicken ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase (accession number: XM421053) and used to isolate a cDNA fragment of 1,323 bp from chicken liver. Based on the 1,323 bp fragment an EST (BI390105) was obtained by BLAST. The EST and 5'nd of the 1,323 bp fragment were partially overlapped. Gene specific primers derived from the EST were used for amplification of the 5'nd. Another gene-specific primer derived from the 1,323 bp fragment was used for amplification of the 3'nd by 3'ACE. Then the three overlapping cDNA sequences obtained were assembled with DNAMAN software and a full-length ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase of 2,153 bp was obtained. The full-length cDNA contained an ORF of 1,335 bp with a 5'ntranslated region of 147 nucleotides followed by an ATG initiation codon. Stop codon TGA was at position 1,481-1,483 bp. The deduced amino acids shared an homology above 77% with bovine, mice, orangutan, rat and human. The protein sequence had three histidine-rich regions HDFGH (HisI region), HFQHH (HisII region) and HH (HisIII region), a cytochrome $b_{5}$-like domain containing a heme-binding motif and two transmembrane domains. Sequence analysis of the chicken genomic DNA revealed that the coding sequence of chicken ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase included 12 exons and 11 introns. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that the ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase expression levels were in turn liver, spleen, pancreas, lung, breast muscle, heart, and abdominal fat. The expression of ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase in liver was significantly higher than that in breast muscle (p<0.01). The expression of ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase in lung was significantly higher than that in abdominal fat (p<0.01). This is the first clone of chicken ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase.

Enhancing the adsorption function of F⁻ by iron and zirconium doped zeolite: Characterization and parameter optimization

Bo Yang,Chaomin Jia,Guirong Sun,Bingxu Quan,Chunhui Zhang,Qianqian Huo,Peidong Su 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.2

This study presented an original study on the F⁻ removal by Fe and Zr doped Gismondine-dominated Zeolite. Various modified zeolites are prepared by systematically adjusting the synthesis variables, namely pH, mass ratio of zeolite to modify agent (m<SUB>Zeolite:m(Fe+Zr)</SUB>), mass ratio of Fe to Zr (Fe:Zr) to investigate their effects on the F⁻ adsorption. The performance of prepared Fe-Zr-Zeolite on F⁻ removal was examined through both statistic adsorption and dynamic adsorption. Results indicated that when the modified pH was 7, the Fe:Zr ratio was 1:1 and m<SUB>Zeolite:m(Fe+Zr)</SUB> was 1:2, the modified natural zeolites which was named Fe-Zr-Zeolite showed the best removal efficiency on F⁻. Fe-Zr-Zeolite could remove over 80% when the initial concentration was less than 20 mg/L and F⁻ adsorption followed pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm, indicating that F⁻ adsorption by Fe-Zr-Zeolite was chemically dominated. Besides, Fe-Zr-Zeolite had better removal efficiency of F⁻ under acidic conditions than that under alkaline conditions, and the competing anions, typically, Cl-, NO₃⁻ and SO₄<SUP>2-</SUP> had negligible effect on F⁻ removal by Fe-Zr-Zeolite. The dynamic adsorption test demonstrated that in order to maintain the high removal efficiency of F⁻, the filling thickness of Fe-Zr-Zeolite should be at least 30 ㎝ and the small the flow rate is, the higher the F⁻ removal efficiency will be.

Study on the role of gga-miRNA-200a in regulating cell differentiation and proliferation of chicken breast muscle by targeting Grb2

Keren Jiang,Fengbin Yan,Meng Zhang,Fang Li,Donghua Li,Guirong Sun,Xiaojun Liu,Hong Li,Ruili Han,Ruirui Jiang,Zhuanjian Li,Xiangtao Kang 한국통합생물학회 2017 Animal cells and systems Vol.21 No.6

Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) have been proved by a lot of studies playing a major role in cell proliferation and cell differentiation. However, the regulation of Grb2 expression by microRNAs (miRNAs) in chicken breast muscle still remains unknown. The expression profile of Grb2 was checked based on our previous RNA sequencing data and the Grb2 relative expression level in breast muscle of aged hens (55-week-old) was validated significantly higher than juvenile hens (20-week-old) using qRT-PCR. miRNAs that interact with Grb2 have been predicted in chicken and the relationship between the potential miRNA and Grb2 was verified using dual luciferase reporter assay in chicken DF1 cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assays results demonstrated that the expression of luciferase reporter gene linked with part sequence of the 3′UTR of chicken Grb2 gene was down-regulated by the overexpression of gga (Gallus Gallus)- miR-200a-3p in the DF1 cells, and the down-regulation behavior was abolished when the ggamiR- 200a-3p binding site in 3′UTR of Grb2 was mutated, indicating that gga-miR-200a can suppress the expression level of its target gene Grb2. Therefore, we concluded that the significantly increased expression level of Grb2 in the breast muscle of aged chicken can (at least partly can) be explained by the decreased expression of miR-200a, which reduced the inhibitory effect on Grb2. Taken together, these findings suggest that gga-miR-200a can suppress the expression level of its target gene Grb2 and might be involved in the cell differentiation and proliferation of chicken breast muscle through binding with the 3’UTR of Grb2.