Molecular targets of pepper as bioavailability enhancer

Gohil, Priyanshee,Mehta, Anita Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2009 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.9 No.4

Black pepper (family Piperaceae), is called king of spices because it is one of the oldest spice and alone accounts for about 35% of the world's total spice trade. The pepper is used in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of various ailments particularly neurological, broncho-pulmonary and gastrointestinal disorders. Pepper has also been reported to have various pharmacological actions but recently, it is highlighted as a bioavailability enhancer. This results in higher plasma concentration of drugs, nutrients, ions and other xenobiotics, rendering them more bioavailable for physiological as well as pharmacological actions in the body. Numerous scientific studies reported that piperine; a main bioactive compound of pepper, is responsible for its bioavailability enhancing property. It's a well known fact that pepper enhances bioavailability by inhibition of microsomal enzyme system but other mechanisms are also responsible to acts as a bioavailability enhancer. The brief overview of the mechanism of action of pepper as well as its applications as bioavailability enhancer is given in the present article.

Control of plasma profiles in DIII-D discharges

Gohil, P,Evans, T E,Ferron, J R,Moyer, R A,Petty, C C,Burrell, K H,Casper, T A,Garofalo, A M,Hyatt, A W,Jayakumar, R J,Kessel, C,Kim, J Y,La Haye, R J,Lohr, J,Luce, T C,Makowski, M A,Mazon, D,Menard, Published jointly by The Institute of Physics and 2006 Plasma physics and controlled fusion Vol.48 No.a5

<P>Active control of plasma profiles is an essential requirement for operating within plasma stability limits, for steady-state operation and for optimization of the plasma performance. In DIII-D, plasma profiles have been actively controlled using various actuators in the following manner: (a) real time closed loop control of the <I>q</I> profile evolution using electron cyclotron heating and neutral beam injection as actuators; (b) active control of the density and pressure profiles in quiescent H-mode and quiescent double barrier plasmas using electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) and pellet injection; (c) active control of the edge profiles to suppress edge localized modes using resonant magnetic perturbation with toroidal mode number <I>n</I> = 3, (d) real time control of the current density profile to suppress neoclassical tearing modes using localized deposition of co-ECCD.</P>

Molecular targets of pepper as bioavailability enhancer

Priyanshee Gohil,Anita Mehta 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2009 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.9 No.4

Black pepper (family Piperaceae), is called king of spices because it is one of the oldest spice and alone accounts for about 35% of the world’s total spice trade. The pepper is used in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of various ailments particularly neurological, broncho-pulmonary and gastrointestinal disorders. Pepper has also been reported to have various pharmacological actions but recently, it is highlighted as a bioavailability enhancer. This results in higher plasma concentration of drugs, nutrients, ions and other xenobiotics, rendering them more bioavailable for physiological as well as pharmacological actions in the body. Numerous scientific studies reported that piperine; a main bioactive compound of pepper, is responsible for its bioavailability enhancing property. It’s a well known fact that pepper enhances bioavailability by inhibition of microsomal enzyme system but other mechanisms are also responsible to acts as a bioavailability enhancer. The brief overview of the mechanism of action of pepper as well as its applications as bioavailability enhancer is given in the present article. Black pepper (family Piperaceae), is called king of spices because it is one of the oldest spice and alone accounts for about 35% of the world’s total spice trade. The pepper is used in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of various ailments particularly neurological, broncho-pulmonary and gastrointestinal disorders. Pepper has also been reported to have various pharmacological actions but recently, it is highlighted as a bioavailability enhancer. This results in higher plasma concentration of drugs, nutrients, ions and other xenobiotics, rendering them more bioavailable for physiological as well as pharmacological actions in the body. Numerous scientific studies reported that piperine; a main bioactive compound of pepper, is responsible for its bioavailability enhancing property. It’s a well known fact that pepper enhances bioavailability by inhibition of microsomal enzyme system but other mechanisms are also responsible to acts as a bioavailability enhancer. The brief overview of the mechanism of action of pepper as well as its applications as bioavailability enhancer is given in the present article.

Cavitating Turbulent Flow Study for Low Head Francis Turbine by Transient Analysis

Pankaj P Gohil,R P Saini 한국유체기계학회 2019 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.12 No.1

Cavitation is undesirable phenomenon and it is difficult to eliminate completely, however it is minimized to the acceptable limits. It becomes more severe under off-design conditions and lower tail race level. Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model and Rayleigh-Plesset mass transfer models are used using CFX solver for performing the transient simulation and investigating the cavitation turbulent flow through Francis turbine. An attempt has been carried out to analysis of cavitating flow at low head Francis turbine under different operating conditions having varying suction heads. Experimentation has been carried out to validate the simulation results. It was found that obtained simulation results are very close agreement with experimental results. Summarizing, the performance loss and cavitation rate are found maximum under over load operating conditions. At part load operating conditions of the turbine, high amplitude of pressure at low frequency has been found which may cause fatigue damage to the turbine over time. Cavitation rate, performance loss and magnitude of pressure pulsation increase with increase of suction head.

Immunity and asthma: friend or foe?

Mehta, Anita,Gohil, Priyanshee Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2008 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.8 No.1

Immunity is responsible for the defense mechanism of the body but in case of autoimmune diseases, its role gets diverted. Like so many other diseases, asthma is also considered as one of the most common autoimmune diseases to be occurring in community. Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory airway disease that is characterized by airway hyper reactivity and mucus hypersecretion that result in intermittent airway obstruction. The incidence of allergic asthma has almost doubled in the past two decades. Although, precise causative mechanism of asthma is unknown, but several mechanisms have been proposed that is immunological, pharmacological and genetic mechanisms, and airway and neurogenic inflammation. The inflammatory process observed in the asthmatic patients is the final result of a complex network of interactions between various immunological cell lineages, its mediators and secreted substances. Thus, among the mechanisms proposed, the immunological one plays a key role. Through this article, we have tried to provide some insight into immunological mechanisms in pathogenesis of asthma.

Comparative low-velocity impact response of textile-reinforced concrete and steel-fiber-reinforced concrete beams

Yoo, Doo-Yeol,Gohil, Udityasinh,Gries, Thomas,Yoon, Young-Soo SAGE Publications 2016 Journal of composite materials Vol.50 No.17

<P>In this study, the effect of the textile reinforcement type on the flexural response of textile-reinforced concrete beams under static and impact loads was investigated. In addition, to compare the flexural capacities with those of conventional steel-fiber-reinforced concrete, steel-fiber-reinforced concrete beams having similar compressive strength with that of textile-reinforced concrete were fabricated and tested according to the fiber content. Enhancements in the flexural capacities were obtained using polymer-coated textile reinforcement, and three-dimensional textile reinforcement resulted in slightly better flexural performance than two-dimensional textile reinforcement under both static and impact loads. Upon comparison with the results obtained from the steel-fiber-reinforced concrete beams, the textile-reinforced concrete specimen with polymer-coated textile reinforcement exhibited the best flexural performance in terms of the strength, toughness, and residual load carrying capacity (higher than or at least similar to those of the steel-fiber-reinforced concrete with a fiber volume content of 2%), whereas the textile-reinforced concrete specimens with uncoated textile reinforcement exhibited lower strength and toughness than those of the steel-fiber-reinforced concrete with a fiber volume content of 0.5%. Finally, the strain-rate sensitivity of the flexural strength for textile-reinforced concrete was found to be similar to that for steel-fiber-reinforced concrete.</P>

Experimental Investigation and Mathematical Modeling of Longitudinally Placed Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymeric Composites including Interphase Volume Fraction

Sagar Chokshi,Piyush Gohil 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.2

The influence of interphase on the tensile property of composite is examined in the present study. For this,fabrication of composite (FOC) is carried out using natural fibers: bamboo fiber and jute fiber and polyester resin as per thehand layup technique. The fibers are arranged in a longitudinal direction with varying the volume fraction of fiber (vf). Thetensile testing of fibers, polyester and composites are held on the universal testing machine (UTM) and evaluatedexperimental tensile properties: tensile strength (TS) and elastic modulus (E). The mathematical models are proposed tomeasure the influence of interphase on the longitudinal elastic modulus of composite (Ecl) for longitudinally placedunidirectional fiber-reinforced polymer composites (LUDFPC) with varying interphase volume fraction (vi). The differentinterphase property variations: linear variation, hyperbolic variation, parabolic variation, powerlaw variation and exponentialare considered in the modeling of composite and measure its effect on Ecl. The comparative study of proposed models withother researchers’ models is carried out. The validation of developed models is carried out using other researchers’experimental data. The present study signifies the important outcome as vi should be around 15 % to 20 % of vf to predict Ecl;Parabolic variation is recommended for the prediction of Ecl.

Immunity and asthma: friend or foe?

Anita Mehta,Priyanshee Gohil 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.1

Immunity is responsible for the defense mechanism of the body but in case of autoimmune diseases, its role gets diverted. Like so many other diseases, asthma is also considered as one of the most common autoimmune diseases to be occurring in community. Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory airway disease that is characterized by airway hyper reactivity and mucus hypersecretion that result in intermittent airway obstruction. The incidence of allergic asthma has almost doubled in the past two decades. Although, precise causative mechanism of asthma is unknown, but several mechanisms have been proposed that is immunological, pharmacological and genetic mechanisms, and airway and neurogenic inflammation. The inflammatory process observed in the asthmatic patients is the final result of a complex network of interactions between various immunological cell lineages, its mediators and secreted substances. Thus, among the mechanisms proposed, the immunological one plays a key role. Through this article, we have tried to provide some insight into immunological mechanisms in pathogenesis of asthma. Immunity is responsible for the defense mechanism of the body but in case of autoimmune diseases, its role gets diverted. Like so many other diseases, asthma is also considered as one of the most common autoimmune diseases to be occurring in community. Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory airway disease that is characterized by airway hyper reactivity and mucus hypersecretion that result in intermittent airway obstruction. The incidence of allergic asthma has almost doubled in the past two decades. Although, precise causative mechanism of asthma is unknown, but several mechanisms have been proposed that is immunological, pharmacological and genetic mechanisms, and airway and neurogenic inflammation. The inflammatory process observed in the asthmatic patients is the final result of a complex network of interactions between various immunological cell lineages, its mediators and secreted substances. Thus, among the mechanisms proposed, the immunological one plays a key role. Through this article, we have tried to provide some insight into immunological mechanisms in pathogenesis of asthma.

A Brief Review on Murraya paniculata (Orange Jasmine): pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and ethanomedicinal uses

Joshi Deepa,Kashmira J.Gohil,Joshi Deepa 대한약침학회 2023 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.26 No.1

Objectives: Murraya paniculata (family-Rutaceae), popularly known as orange jasmine, is the most important evergreen plant. The Rutaceae family is economically significant due to its diverse edible fruits and essential oils. Methods: Murraya paniculata extracts (MPE) of leaf have been shown to include phenolic compounds, highly oxygenated flavonoids, flavanones, sesquiterpenoids, polymethoxy glycosides, and coumarins. Cyclocitral, methyl salicylate, trans-nerolidol, cubenol, isogermacrene, -cadinol, and cubeb-11-ene are all abundant in MPE. The usages of various parts of this plant, such as bark, leaves and flower, as a remedy for a variety of ailments as widely recorded in the traditional literature. The plant has anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, antibacterial, anti-implantation, anti-oxidative, cytotoxic, anti-diarrheal, antidepressant and anti-anxiety properties and many others. Results: The goal of the review is to reignite interest in this potential plant, encouraging researchers to continue their research in order to uncover novel therapeutic compounds for the treatment and management of a range of infections. The current review provided a comprehensive overview of this traditional unique plant. Conclusion: The review paves a way for exploring its active chemical elements with substantial pharmacological values further for potential benefits of mankind.

Optimal Interleaving Angle Determination in Multi Paralleled Converters Considering the DC Current Ripple and Grid Current THD

Lorand Bede,Ghanshyamsinh Gohil,Tamas Kerekes,Remus Teodorescu 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6

A typical application for parallel connected converters is in multi megawatt wind turbine systems. Manipulating the interleaving angle between the Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) carrier waves of each converter can result in reduced grid and DC link current ripple, thus the passive components from the DC link and grid filter can be minimized. In previous studies the optimization of the interleaving angle for either the grid current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) or the DC link current ripple has been made. In this study a compromise is made in order to maintain a THD of the grid current in a level that complies with the standards, while in the DC link the current ripple is reduced. The dependency of the grid current THD and the DC link current ripple on the interleaving angle were determined by simulations. The results were also validated on a hardware setup.