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Walsh, Leonard T.,Groff, Andrew,Mathew, Abraham,Moyer, Matthew T. The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2020 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.23 No.1
The incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) has increased in the pediatric population over the past few decades and it stands to follow that the complications of severe AP, including symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) will increase as well. In adults, the therapeutic options for this situation have undergone a dramatic evolution from mainly surgical approaches to less invasive endoscopic approaches, mainly endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural drainage (EUS-TD) followed be direct endoscopic necrosectomy if needed. This has proven safe and effective in adults; however, this approach has not been well studied or reported in pediatric populations. Here we demonstrate that EUS-TD seems to offer a safe, efficacious and minimally invasive approach to the management of large PFCs in pediatric patients by reviewing two representative cases at our institution.
Impact of resistive MHD plasma response on perturbation field sidebands
Orlov, D M,Evans, T E,Moyer, R A,Lyons, B C,Ferraro, N M,Park, G-Y IOP 2016 Plasma physics and controlled fusion Vol.58 No.7
<P>Single fluid linear simulations of a KSTAR RMP ELM suppressed discharge with the M3D-C<SUP>1</SUP> resistive magnetohydrodynamic code have been performed for the first time. The simulations show that the application of the <I>n</I> = 1 perturbation using the KSTAR in-vessel control coils (IVCC), which apply modest levels of <I>n</I> = 3 sidebands (~20% of the <I>n</I> = 1), leads to levels of <I>n</I> = 3 sideband that are comparable to the <I>n</I> = 1 when plasma response is included. This is due to the reduced level of screening of the rational-surface-resonant <I>n</I> = 3 component relative to the rational-surface-resonant <I>n</I> = 1 component. The <I>n</I> = 3 sidebands could play a similar role in ELM suppression on KSTAR as the toroidal sidebands (<I>n</I> = 1, 2, 4) in DIII-D <I>n</I> = 3 ELM suppression with missing I-coil segments (Paz Soldan <I>et al</I> 2014 <I>Nucl. Fusion</I> <B>54</B> 073013). This result may help to explain the uniqueness of ELM suppression with <I>n</I> = 1 perturbations in KSTAR since the effective perturbation is a mixed <I>n</I> = 1/<I>n</I> = 3 perturbation similar to <I>n</I> = 3 ELM suppression in DIII-D.</P>
Control of plasma profiles in DIII-D discharges
Gohil, P,Evans, T E,Ferron, J R,Moyer, R A,Petty, C C,Burrell, K H,Casper, T A,Garofalo, A M,Hyatt, A W,Jayakumar, R J,Kessel, C,Kim, J Y,La Haye, R J,Lohr, J,Luce, T C,Makowski, M A,Mazon, D,Menard, Published jointly by The Institute of Physics and 2006 Plasma physics and controlled fusion Vol.48 No.a5
<P>Active control of plasma profiles is an essential requirement for operating within plasma stability limits, for steady-state operation and for optimization of the plasma performance. In DIII-D, plasma profiles have been actively controlled using various actuators in the following manner: (a) real time closed loop control of the <I>q</I> profile evolution using electron cyclotron heating and neutral beam injection as actuators; (b) active control of the density and pressure profiles in quiescent H-mode and quiescent double barrier plasmas using electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) and pellet injection; (c) active control of the edge profiles to suppress edge localized modes using resonant magnetic perturbation with toroidal mode number <I>n</I> = 3, (d) real time control of the current density profile to suppress neoclassical tearing modes using localized deposition of co-ECCD.</P>
Leonard T. Walsh,Andrew Groff,Abraham Mathew,Matthew T. Moyer 대한소아소화기영양학회 2020 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.23 No.1
The incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) has increased in the pediatric population over the past few decades and it stands to follow that the complications of severe AP, including symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) will increase as well. In adults, the therapeutic options for this situation have undergone a dramatic evolution from mainly surgical approaches to less invasive endoscopic approaches, mainly endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural drainage (EUS-TD) followed be direct endoscopic necrosectomy if needed. This has proven safe and effective in adults; however, this approach has not been well studied or reported in pediatric populations. Here we demonstrate that EUS-TD seems to offer a safe, efficacious and minimally invasive approach to the management of large PFCs in pediatric patients by reviewing two representative cases at our institution.
Capture and metathesis-based release of potassium salts by a multitopic ion receptor
Kim, Sung Kuk,Hay, Benjamin P.,Kim, Jong Seung,Moyer, Bruce A.,Sessler, Jonathan L. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Chemical communications Vol.49 No.21
<P>The multitopic ion-pair receptor <B>2</B> is able to recognize and extract various cesium and potassium salts <I>via</I> three different ion recognition modes. Furthermore, it is capable of extracting and then releasing KNO<SUB>3</SUB><I>via</I> ion-pair metathesis with CsClO<SUB>4</SUB>, allowing KNO<SUB>3</SUB> recovery.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The multitopic ion-pair receptor <B>2</B> is capable of extracting and then releasing KNO<SUB>3</SUB><I>via</I> ion-pair metathesis with CsClO<SUB>4</SUB>. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3cc39117e'> </P>
Kim, Sung Kuk,Lynch, Vincent M.,Young, Neil J.,Hay, Benjamin P.,Lee, Chang-Hee,Kim, Jong Seung,Moyer, Bruce A.,Sessler, Jonathan L. American Chemical Society 2012 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.134 No.51
<P>On the basis of <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR spectroscopic analyses and single crystal X-ray crystal structural data, the ion-pair receptor <B>1</B>, bearing a calix[4]pyrrole for anion binding and calix[4]arene crown-5 for cation recognition, was found to act as a receptor for both CsF and KF ion-pairs. Both substrates are bound strongly but via different binding modes and with different complexation dynamics. Specifically, exposure to KF in 10% CD<SUB>3</SUB>OD in CDCl<SUB>3</SUB> leads first to complexation of the K<SUP>+</SUP> cation by the calix[4]arene crown-5 moiety. As the relative concentration of KF increases, then the calix[4]pyrrole subunit binds the F<SUP>–</SUP> anion. Once bound, the K<SUP>+</SUP> cation and the F<SUP>–</SUP> anion give rise to a stable 1:1 ion-pair complex that generally precipitates from solution. In contrast to what is seen with KF, the CsF ion-pair interacts with receptor <B>1</B> in two different modes in 10% CD<SUB>3</SUB>OD in CDCl<SUB>3</SUB>. In the first of these, the Cs<SUP>+</SUP> cation interacts with the calix[4]arene crown-5 ring weakly. In the second interaction mode, which is thermodynamically more stable, the Cs<SUP>+</SUP> cation and the counteranion, F<SUP>–</SUP>, are simultaneously bound to the receptor framework. Further proof that system <B>1</B> acts as a viable ion-pair receptor came from the finding that receptor <B>1</B> could extract KF from an aqueous phase into nitrobenzene, overcoming the high hydration energies of the K<SUP>+</SUP> and F<SUP>–</SUP> ions. It was more effective in this regard than a 1:1 mixture of the constituent cation and anion receptors (<B>4</B> and <B>5</B>).</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2012/jacsat.2012.134.issue-51/ja310673p/production/images/medium/ja-2012-10673p_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja310673p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Borman, Christopher J.,Custelcean, Radu,Hay, Ben P.,Bill, Nathan L.,Sessler, Jonathan L.,Moyer, Bruce A. Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Chemical communications Vol.47 No.27
<P><I>meso</I>-Octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole (C4P) enhances sulfate selectivity in solvent extraction by Aliquat® 336N, an effect ascribed to the supramolecular preorganization and thermodynamic stability imparted by insertion of the methyl group of the Aliquat cation into the cup of C4P in its cone conformation.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Enhanced selectivity for sulfate extraction is observed when <I>meso</I>-octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole and a methyl-bearing quaternary ammonium anion exchanger are used in concert. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1cc12060c'> </P>
Controlling Cesium CationRecognition via Cation Metathesiswithin an Ion Pair Receptor
Kim, Sung Kuk,Vargas-Zú,ñ,iga, GabrielaI.,Hay, Benjamin P.,Young, Neil J.,Delmau, Lætitia H.,Masselin, Charles,Lee, Chang-Hee,Kim, Jong Seung,Lynch, VincentM.,Moyer, Bruce A.,Sessler, Jona American Chemical Society 2012 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.134 No.3
<P>Ion pair receptor 3 bearing an anion binding site and multiple cation binding sites has been synthesized and shown to function in a novel binding-release cycle that does not necessarily require displacement to effect release. The receptor forms stable complexes with the test cesium salts, CsCl and CsNO3, in solution (10% methanol-d(4) in chloroform-d) as inferred from H-1 NMR spectroscopic analyses. The addition of KClO4 to these cesium salt complexes leads to a novel type of cation metathesis in which the 'exchanged' cations occupy different binding sites. Specifically, K+ becomes bound at the expense of the Cs+ cation initially present in the complex. Under liquid liquid conditions, receptor 3 is able to extract CsNO3 and CsCl from an aqueous D2O layer into nitrobenzene-d(5) as inferred from H-1 NMR spectroscopic analyses and radiotracer measurements. The Cs+ cation of the CsNO3 extracted into the nitrobenzene phase by receptor 3 may be released into the aqueous phase by contacting the loaded nitrobenzene phase with an aqueous KClO4 solution. Additional exposure of the nitrobenzene layer to chloroform and water gives 3 in its uncomplexed, ion-free form. This allows receptor 3 to be recovered for subsequent use. Support for the underlying complexation chemistry came from single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and gas-phase energy-minimization studies.</P>