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시트르산처리와 열처리가 인삼 잎 중 진세노사이드의 함량 변화에 미치는 영향
김진혁, Gao Dan, 조종운, 강종성 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2021 藥學論文集 Vol.36 No.-
The rare ginsenosides are seldom found in nature. However, they are recognized as showing higher biological activities than other ginsenosides. There are many reports about increasing the contents of rare ginsenosides in ginseng root using chemical, physical or biological methods. Some of the methods were very successful and contributed to increase the quality of the ginseng products. We tried to increase the rare ginsenosides in ginseng leaves with citric acid or heat treatment. In this way, the industrial value of ginseng leaves could be highly increased. The ginsenosides in untreated and treated ginseng leaves were identified and determined using high performance liquid chromatography with ultra- violet detection and mass spectrometry. The results showed that the contents of rare ginsenosides in- creased after heat treatment or citric acid treatment, however heat treatment was more effective. Furthermore, when the ginseng leaves were treated with 1 mol/L citric acid together with 3 hours of heat treatment, the contents of eight rare ginsenosides of Rg6, F2, F4, Rk3, Rg3(S), Rg3(R), Rk1, Rg5 were increased to 0.64%, 1.26%, 0.54%, 1.11%, 0.73%, 0.73%, 0.23%, 0.58% and 1.14%, respectively. This study suggested that the combined treatment of citric acid and heat treatment could be applied for the process of ginseng leaves with enhanced biological activities through increased contents of rare ginsenosides.
Dan Liu,Shangxun Li,Xiangtao Ma,Jinxue Gao,Liang Xu,Jun He,Yuhong Li,Dan Yan,Yiwu Zhou,Qingming Wu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.4
We reported an unusual homicidal case in which a 40-year-old woman was deceived into drinking a cup of milk that had 72 tablets of estazolam (2mg/tablet) dissolved in, and then being injected heroin aqueous solution on the right deltoid region by the criminal. At autopsy, pinpoint pupils and a new injection site on the right deltoid region were found. The pathologic pictures showed multiple patchy hemorrhages and considerable amounts of foreign amorphous substance with yellow appearance at the injection site. Some double refracting crystals with the forms of Maltese cross, acicular, rhomb or irregular were found by polarizing microscope, which may result from the diluent in heroin such as starch. Toxicological qualitative analysis by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) demonstrated the presence of benzodiazepine and morphine in blood and urine, and heroin in the injector left at scene. Quantitative analysis was also performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), providing the data on distribution of 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine and estazolam in the woman’s body. And the cause of death was determined to polydrug heroin-related deaths due to the combined poisoning of heroin and estazolam. It taught a lesson that the determination of other drugs, particularly central nervous system depressants in heroin poisoning were quite important in forensic expertise.
GPR78 promotes lung cancer cell migration and metastasis by activation of Gαq-Rho GTPase pathway
( Dan-dan Dong ),( Hui Zhou ),( Gao Li ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2016 BMB Reports Vol.49 No.11
GPR78 is an orphan G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that is predominantly expressed in human brain tissues. Currently, the function of GPR78 is unknown. This study revealed that GPR78 was expressed in lung cancer cells and functioned as a novel regulator of lung cancer cell migration and metastasis. We found that knockdown of GPR78 in lung cancer cells suppressed cell migration. Moreover, GPR78 modulated the formation of actin stress fibers in A549 cells, in a RhoA- and Rac1-dependent manner. At the molecular level, GPR78 regulated cell motility through the activation of Gαq-RhoA/ Rac1 pathway. We further demonstrated that in vivo, the knockdown of GPR78 inhibited lung cancer cell metastasis. These findings suggest that GPR78 is a novel regulator for lung cancer metastasis and may serve as a potential drug target against metastatic human lung cancer. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(11): 623-628]
A Network Intrusion Detection Model Based on K-means Algorithm and Information Entropy
Gao Meng,Li Dan,Wang Ni-hong,Liu Li-chen 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.8 No.6
Many factors could influence the clustering performance of K-means algorithm, selection of initial cluster centers was an important one, traditional method had a certain degree of randomness in dealing with this problem, for this purpose, information entropy was introduced into the process of cluster centers selection, and a fusion algorithm combining with information entropy and K-means algorithm was proposed, in which, information entropy value was used to measure the similarity degree among records, the least similar record would be regarded as a cluster center. In addition, a network intrusion detection model was built, it could make cluster centers change dynamically along with the network changes, and the model could real-time update the cluster centers according to actual needs. Experiment results show that the improved algorithm proposed is better than the traditional K-means algorithm in detection ratio and false alarm ratio, and the network intrusion detection model is proved to be feasible.