다양한 생물학적 하수처리공정에서의 다환방향족탄화수소류(PAHs)의 제거특성

정진희,이지현,노지희,김한석,최호은,박출재,정병길 東亞大學校 附設 環境問題硏究所 2008 硏究報告 Vol.29 No.1

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be formed both natural and anthropogenic processes. Both sources are contributors of hazardous compounds, but anthropogenic sources are considerably more damaging to the environment. The purpose of this research obtains a primary data base to treat PAHs-contaminated sewage sludge effectively and properly by figuring out concentrations and origins of PAHs which load in influent of sewage treatment plant. During the experiment period from April 2007 to June 2007, concentrations of PAHs in influent, effluent and dewatered cake at 5 different sewage treatments at City were analysed by using a gas chromatography/mass spectrometer(GC/MS). The volume of samples from influent and effluent was 2 liters. The weight of sample from the dewatered cake was 500g. Ranges of concentrations of PAHs in influent, effluent and dewatered cake were 72.3-83.9 μg/L, 1.1 -6.8 μg/L and 2,669.6-3,491.5 μg/kg respectively. The most abundant compounds of PAHs were fluorene and phenanthrene for all sewage treatment plants. The ratios have been used extensively to distinguish petrogenic or pyrogenic sources of PAHs in the dewatered cake at 5 different sewage treatment plants. It was not easy to di stinguish between petrogenic and pyrogenic sources of PAHs because the PAHs contained both characteristics. 본 연구에서는 하수처리장으로 유입되는 PAHs 의 배출 원을 파악하여 생물학적 처리에 의해 처분되는 하수 슬러지의 경로별 유입 PAHs 의 배출량 및 농도을 추정한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 1. 하수처리장 유입수, 방류수 및 탈수케잌 의 PAHs 농도는 각각 72.3~83.9 μg/L,1.1~6.8 μg/L, 2,669.6 ~ 3,491.5 μg/kg 의 범위를 나타내 었다. 2. 유입수와 탈수케잌 의 경우 모든 하수처리장에서 PAHs 중 각각 fluorene과 phenanthrene 이 가장 높은 농도를 나타내었으며,공장폐수가 유입되는 하수처리장의 경우 벤젠고리 5 - 6개의 고비점 화합물들이 가정하수가 유입되는 하수처리장 에 비하여 다소 높게 나타났다. 3. 모든 하수처리장에서 PAHs 중 저분자량의 LPAHs 제거효율은 85.0% 이상을 나타내었으며,이는 활성슬러지법을 이용한 미생물에 의한 분해로 판단된다. 그러나 고분자량의 HPAHs 제거효율은 활성슬러지법만으로는 67.3% 정도로 낮아 2차 처리가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

다양한 생물학적 하수처리공정에서의 다환방향족탄화수소류(PAHs)의 제거특성

정진희,이지현,노지희,김한석,최호은,박출재,정병길 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2008 硏究報告 Vol.30 No.1

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be formed both natural and anthropogenic processes. Both sources are contributors of hazardous compounds, but anthropogenic sources are considerably more damaging to the environment. The purpose of this research obtains a primary data base to treat PAHs-contaminated sewage sludge effectively and properly by figuring out concentrations and origins of PAHs which load in influent of sewage treatment plant. During the experiment period from April 2007 to June 2007, concentrations of PAHs in influent, effluent and dewatered cake at 5 different sewage treatments at City were analysed by using a gas chromatography/mass spectrometer(GC/MS). The volume of samples from influent and effluent was 2 liters. The weight of sample from the dewatered cake was 500g. Ranges of concentrations of PAHs in influent, effluent and dewatered cake were 72.3-83.9 μg/L, 1.1 -6.8 μg/L and 2,669.6-3,491.5 μg/kg respectively. The most abundant compounds of PAHs were fluorene and phenanthrene for all sewage treatment plants. The ratios have been used extensively to distinguish petrogenic or pyrogenic sources of PAHs in the dewatered cake at 5 different sewage treatment plants. It was not easy to di stinguish between petrogenic and pyrogenic sources of PAHs because the PAHs contained both characteristics. 본 연구에서는 하수처리장으로 유입되는 PAHs 의 배출 원을 파악하여 생물학적 처리에 의해 처분되는 하수 슬러지의 경로별 유입 PAHs 의 배출량 및 농도을 추정한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 1. 하수처리장 유입수, 방류수 및 탈수케잌 의 PAHs 농도는 각각 72.3~83.9 μg/L,1.1~6.8 μg/L, 2,669.6 ~ 3,491.5 μg/kg 의 범위를 나타내 었다. 2. 유입수와 탈수케잌 의 경우 모든 하수처리장에서 PAHs 중 각각 fluorene과 phenanthrene 이 가장 높은 농도를 나타내었으며,공장폐수가 유입되는 하수처리장의 경우 벤젠고리 5 - 6개의 고비점 화합물들이 가정하수가 유입되는 하수처리장 에 비하여 다소 높게 나타났다. 3. 모든 하수처리장에서 PAHs 중 저분자량의 LPAHs 제거효율은 85.0% 이상을 나타내었으며,이는 활성슬러지법을 이용한 미생물에 의한 분해로 판단된다. 그러나 고분자량의 HPAHs 제거효율은 활성슬러지법만으로는 67.3% 정도로 낮아 2차 처리가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

Hip2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme overcomes radiation-induced G2/M arrest

Bae, Y.,Jung, S.H.,Kim, G.Y.,Rhim, H.,Kang, S. Elsevier Biomedical Press 2013 Biochimica et biophysica acta, Molecular cell rese Vol.1833 No.12

Radiation induces cell cycle arrest and/or cell death in mammalian cells. In the present study, we show that Hip2, a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, can overcome radiation-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and trigger the entry into mitosis. Ionizing radiation increased the levels of Hip2 by preventing its degradation but not its gene transcription. The stability of Hip2 in irradiated cells was further confirmed using live cell fluorescence imaging. Flow cytometric and molecular analyses revealed that Hip2 abrogated radiation-induced G2/M arrest, promoting entry into mitosis. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays and co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that Hip2 interacted with and targeted p53 for degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome system, resulting in the activation of cdc2-cyclin B1 kinase to promote mitotic entry. These results contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate cell cycle progression and DNA damage-induced G2/M checkpoint cellular responses.

Spectral optical properties of long-range transport Asian dust and pollution aerosols over Northeast Asia in 2007 and 2008

Jung, J.,Kim, Y. J.,Lee, K. Y.,-Cayetano, M. G.,Batmunkh, T.,Koo, J.-H.,Kim, J. Copernicus GmbH 2010 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol.10 No.12

<P>Abstract. As a part of the IGAC (International Global Atmospheric Chemistry) Mega-cities program, aerosol physical and optical properties were continuously measured from March 2007 to March 2008 at an urban site (37.57° N, 126.94° E) in Seoul, Korea. Spectral optical properties of long-range transported Asian dust and pollution aerosols have been investigated based on the year long measurement data. Optically measured black carbon/thermally measured elemental carbon (BC/EC) ratio showed clear monthly variation with high values in summer and low values in winter mainly due to the enhancement of light attenuation by the internal mixing of EC. Novel approach has been suggested to retrieve the spectral light absorption coefficient (babs) from Aethalometer raw data by using BC/EC ratio. Mass absorption efficiency, σabs (=babs/EC) at 550 nm was determined to be 9.0±1.3, 8.9±1.5, 9.5±2.0, and 10.3±1.7 m2 g−1 in spring, summer, fall, and winter, respectively with an annual mean of 9.4±1.8 m2 g−1. Threshold values to classify severe haze events were suggested in this study. Increasing trend of aerosol single scattering albedo (SSA) with wavelength was observed during Asian dust events while little spectral dependence of SSA was observed during long-range transport pollution (LTP) events. Satellite aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and Hysplit air mass backward trajectory analyses as well as chemical analysis were performed to characterize the dependence of spectral optical properties on aerosol type. Results from this study can provide useful information for studies on regional air quality and aerosol's effects on climate change. </P>

PP_333調整劑 處理濃度 및 施肥量이 大豆의 生育 및 收量에 미치는 影響

鄭炳官,金中九,林景彬,張英模 순천대학 새마을연구소 1989 새마을硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-

This experiment was conducted to find out the adequate foliar spraying of PP_333 solution and fertilizer level of soybean. The concentration of the PP_333 solution were two, ficve and eight percent and spraying time was 25th day after seeding. The fertilizer level were three, standard, increasing 50% and 100% more than standard level. The fertilizer application method was basal dressing with total amounts. PP_333 treatment showed shorten_culm length in every plot but decreased capsule No. per plant. This results would be increased lodging resistance from the stormy rain period of flowering time of soybean. But seed yield of soybean decreased compare with check plot because of decreasing of capsule No. per plant. Fertilizer response showed not significant difference on different fertilizer level. Adequate concentration of PP_333 was expected five percent when yield and shorten_culm length of soybean were reasonable.

Exploring pathways for socio‐economic inequalities in self‐reported oral symptoms among Korean adolescents

Jung, Se‐,Hwan,Watt, Richard G.,Sheiham, Aubrey,Ryu, Jae‐,In,Tsakos, Georgios Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 community dentistry and oral epidemiology Vol.39 No.3

<P>Jung S‐H, Watt RG, Sheiham A, Ryu J‐I, Tsakos G. Exploring pathways for socio‐economic inequalities in self‐reported oral symptoms among Korean adolescents. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011; 39: 221–229. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S</P><P><B>Abstract – </B><B> Objective: </B> This study aimed to assess socio‐economic inequalities in self‐reported oral symptoms in Korean adolescents and to assess the association of health behaviours, psychosocial factors and material factors on social gradients in oral symptoms.</P><P><B>Method: </B> Cross‐sectional data were from the national 2007 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web‐based Survey (KYRBWS). Self‐reported oral symptoms included toothache, bad breath, and fractured teeth. Self‐assessed socio‐economic status (SES) was selected as a measure of SES. To assess socio‐economic inequalities in oral symptoms, we used logistic regression models for toothache, bad breath and fractured teeth, and ordinal logistic regression models for the aggregate variable on oral symptoms. We used models adjusting for socio‐demographic factors (Model 1) and compared them to models additionally adjusting for health behaviours (Model 2), psychosocial factors (Model 3) and material factors (Model 4).</P><P><B>Results: </B> A total of 78 834 students were invited to participate, and the response rate was 94.8% (<I>n</I> = 74 698). We found that lower self‐assessed SES was significantly associated with higher prevalence of each of the three self‐reported oral symptoms. Social gradient in the prevalence of each oral symptoms persisted when adjusted for behavioural, psychosocial and material factors. The odds ratio (OR) for the aggregate variable on oral symptoms in the lower SES group was 2.25 (95% CI 2.04, 2.49), and the respective figures after adjusting for behavioural, psychosocial and material factors were 2.17 (95% CI 1.96, 2.39), 1.90 (95% CI 1.73, 2.10) and 2.26 (95% CI 2.04, 2.50). While adjusting for psychosocial factors decreased the OR in the aggregate variable on oral symptoms for lower SES groups, adjusting for health behaviours and material factors hardly changed the OR.</P><P><B>Conclusion: </B> There were clear social gradients in three self‐reported oral symptoms (toothache, bad breath and fractured teeth) in Korean adolescents. Psychosocial factors explained part of the social inequalities in oral symptoms. Future longitudinal research is required to better address the pathways that explain socio‐economic inequalities in oral symptoms during adolescence.</P>

사람 태아 췌장의 외분비와 내분비 세포에 관한 전자현미경적 및 면역조직화학적 연구

김정란,지제근,조정희 대한병리학회 1995 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.29 No.3

GPS 수신기 개발을 위한 DLL과 TDL의 성능 평가

정영태,김명돈,정규태,김해식,김민호,홍성일,정주수,박재운,변건식 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1995 硏究報告 Vol.19 No.1

The Navstar GPS satellite planned to provide continuous and precise position and time information to observers. In this paper, we make a comparative performance of GPS receiver, using noncoherent DLL and TDL as the core parts in GPS receiver, code tracking loop. The receiver consists of costas loop for carrier lacking, and data recovery circuit for bit-synchronization. Consequently, the receiver using noncoherent DLL is superior to TDL in respect to correlation efficiency.

Production of ω-hydroxy palmitic acid using CYP153A35 and comparison of cytochrome P450 electron transfer system in vivo

Jung, E.,Park, B. G.,Ahsan, M. M.,Kim, J.,Yun, H.,Choi, K. Y.,Kim, B. G. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Applied microbiology and biotechnology Vol.100 No.24

<P>Bacterial cytochrome P450 enzymes in cytochrome P450 (CYP)153 family were recently reported as fatty acid omega-hydroxylase. Among them, CYP153As from Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8 (CYP153A33), Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2 (CYP153A13), and Gordonia alkanivorans (CYP153A35) were selected, and their specific activities and product yields of omega-hydroxy palmitic acid based on whole cell reactions toward palmitic acid were compared. Using CamAB as redox partner, CYP153A35 and CYP153A13 showed the highest product yields of omega-hydroxy palmitic acid in whole cell and in vitro reactions, respectively. Artificial self-sufficient CYP153A35-BMR was constructed by fusing it to the reductase domain of CYP102A1 (i.e., BM3) from Bacillus megaterium, and its catalytic activity was compared with CYP153A35 and CamAB systems. Unexpectedly, the system with CamAB resulted in a 1.5-fold higher yield of omega-hydroxy palmitic acid than that using A35-BMR in whole cell reactions, whereas the electron coupling efficiency of CYP153A35-BM3 reductase was 4-fold higher than that of CYP153A35 and CamAB system. Furthermore, various CamAB expression systems according to gene arrangements of the three proteins and promoter strength in their gene expression were compared in terms of product yields and productivities. Tricistronic expression of the three proteins in the order of putidaredoxin (CamB), CYP153A35, and putidaredoxin reductase (CamA), i.e., A35-AB2, showed the highest product yield from 5 mM palmitic acid for 9 h in batch reaction owing to the concentration of CamB, which is the rate-limiting factor for the activity of CYP153A35. However, in fed-batch reaction, A35-AB1, which expressed the three proteins individually using three T7 promoters, resulted with the highest product yield of 17.0 mM (4.6 g/L) omega-hydroxy palmitic acid from 20 mM (5.1 g/L) palmitic acid for 30 h.</P>

고흡수성 나노복합재료 제조 및 특성에 관한 연구

정종훈,정희정,유성구,최현국,서길수 한국공업화학회 2002 응용화학 Vol.6 No.1

Poly(acrylic acid)/Na-MMT superabsorbent nanocomposite was synthesized. Acrylic acid(AA) used as a monomer, N,N'-methylenebis-acrylamide was used as a crosslinker, and potassium persulfate was used as an initiator. Absorption amount of water at the superabsorbent nanocomposite was 311 to 801 times of' superabsorbent nanocomposite weight. Superabsorbent nanocomposite with a water absorbency higher than 801g H_2O/g was synthesized having 0.10 wt% crosslinker, 1.8 wt% initiator, 10 wt % Na-MMT, a neutralization degree of 65 % and a reaction temperature of 70℃.