Efficient Traffic Engineering for 5G Core and Backhaul Networks

Gang Wang,Gang Feng,Shuang Qin,Ruihan Wen 한국통신학회 2017 Journal of communications and networks Vol.19 No.1

The next generation mobile networks (5G) should beefficient and elastic to accommodate numerous and diverse ser-vices. By explicitly assigning bandwidth to service flows, trafficengineering (TE) is effective to improve network efficiency andelasticity. Unfortunately, existing mobile network TE schemes aremostly focused on core network only, which is inadequate for effi-cient end-to-end traffic delivery in mobile networks. In this paper,we propose a TE framework that incorporates the data gateway(D-GW) selection and exploits the topology and traffic informa-tion of both core and backhaul networks for SDN-based 5G net-works. With ideal flow to D-GW association (IFDA) strategy, weformulate the TE problem as a multicommodity flow problem toachieve network load balancing. Considering the cooperation sig-nalling between D-GWs, we propose multiple BSs to one D-GWassociation (MBODA) and multiple flows to one D-GW associa-tion (MFODA) strategy, and formulate the corresponding TE prob-lems as mixed integer linear programs (MILPs) which are NP-hard. To efficiently solve the IFDA-TE problem, we design an im-proved version of fully polynomial time approximation scheme (i-FPTAS). Moreover, we propose a heuristic method and an LP re-laxation method that both use i-FPTAS to solve the MBODA-TEand MFODA-TE problems respectively. Numerical results showthat i-FPTAS achieves close-optimal solution with significantlylower computational complexity, compared with FPTAS, and theperformance of MFODA-TE is very close to that of the IFDA-TE,while there is a small performance degradation for MBODA-TE asthe cost of computational efficiency.

Regulatory T Cells - An Emerging Role in Transplantation

Gang Feng,Kathryn Wood 연세대학교의과대학 2004 Yonsei medical journal Vol.45 No.6

Efficient Implementations of a Delay-Constrained Least-Cost Multicast Algorithm

Feng, Gang,Makki, Kia,Pissinou, Niki The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2002 Journal of communications and networks Vol.4 No.3

Constrained minimum Steiner tree (CMST) problem is a key issue in multicast routing with quality of service (QoS) support. Bounded shortest path algorithm (BSMA) has been recognized as one of the best algorithms for the CMST problem due to its excellent cost performance. This algorithm starts with a minimumdelay tree, and then iteratively uses a -shortest-path (KSP) algorithm to search for a better path to replace a “superedge” in the existing tree, and consequently reduces the cost of the tree. The major drawback of BSMA is its high time complexity because of the use of the KSP algorithm. For this reason, we investigate in this paper the possibility of more efficient implementations of BSMA by using different methods to locate the target path for replacing a superedge. Our experimental results indicate that our methods can significantly reduce the time complexity of BSMA without deteriorating the cost performance.

Transcriptome profiling of Shindongjin and Sugary mutant at grain-filling stages using RNA-Seq

Feng-Peng Li,Min-Young Yoon,Gang Li,Yong-Jin Park 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07

Rice (Oryza sativa) is an excellent model monocot with a known genome sequence for studying developmental seeds. In the study, the seeds of 10th day after flowering (DAF) were conducted RNA-Seq of the variety Shindongjin and Sugary mutant using RNA-seq technique. Approximately 202 and 214 million high-quality paired-end reads (101-bp in size) were generated in Shindongjin and Sugary mutant, respectively. Comprehensive analysis on the transcript levels of genes which encode starch-synthesis enzymes is fundamental for the assessment of the function of each enzyme and the regulatory mechanism of starch biosynthesis in seeds. Quantitative real-time PCR was also used to validate the expression profiles of 28 rice genes encoding six classes of enzymes, viz., ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), starch synthase, starch branching enzyme, starch debranching enzyme, starch phosphorylase, and disproportionating enzyme at different developmental grain- filling stages (DAF 1-14) between Shindongjin and Sugary mutant. The results showed that the expression of most of starch synthesis genes were up-regulated except the cytosolic AGPase small subunit2b (AGPS2b), which sharply decreased at grain-filling stages in Sugary mutant. These results will expand our understanding of the complex molecular and cellular events in rice grain-filling stages and provide a fundamental understanding of future studies on developmental endosperm in rice and other cereal crops.

Microstructure analysis of pressure resistance seal welding joint of zirconium alloy tube-plug structure

Feng Gang,Lin Jian,Yang Shuai,Zhang Boxuan,Wang Jiangang,Yang Jia,Xu Zhongfeng,Lei Yongping 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.11

Pressure resistance welding is usually used to seal the connection between the cladding tube and the end plug made of zirconium alloy. The seal welded joint has a direct effect on the service performance of the fuel rod cladding structure. In this paper, the pressure resistance welded joints of zirconium alloy tube-plug structure were obtained by thermal-mechanical simulation experiments. The microstructure and microhardness of the joints were both analyzed. The effect of processing parameters on the microstructure was studied in detail. The results showed that there was no β-Zr phase observed in the joint, and no obvious element segregation. There were different types of Widmanst¨atten structure in the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) and heat affected zone (HAZ) of the cladding tube and the end plug joint because of the low cooling rate. Some part of the grains in the joint grew up due to overheating. Its size was about 2.8 times that of the base metal grains. Due to the high dislocation density and texture evolution, the microhardnesses of TMAZ and HAZ were both significantly higher than that of the base metal, and the microhardness of the TMAZ was the highest. With the increasing of welding temperature, the proportion of recrystallization in TMAZ decreased, which was caused by the increasing of strain rate and dislocation annihilation

The System Design of Children's Medical Treatment and Health Care based on Mobile Internet

Feng Liu,Gang Zeng,Gang Hu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.10 No.9

孔子的“中庸”智慧

???(Yang Feng-Gang) 동아인문학회 2008 동아인문학 Vol.14 No.-

"The doctrine of the mean"as the basic ideas and concepts of the Confucianism, has had a long-time and the profound influence to the Chinese cultural development, meanwhile, it also has played an important role to shape the culture of psychological structure and way of life of the Chinese people. It can be said that "the doctrine of the mean"has become a unique characteristics of the Chinese culture. However, the wisdom have suffered all sorts "the hypocrite"and the vulgarized misregistration and misinterpret for a long time. Especially in the present time, to many people, "the doctrine of the mean" have been understood and criticized as the attitude towards the smooth sophistication and ambiguity, the rules of life skills. In this context, "the doctrine of the mean"has completely lost its original connotation of the spirit. This article attempts to interpret and study its real meaning of "the doctrine of the mean" in Confucius’s context and in the Chinese thought's intrinsic sight races. Through studying and explanation to the related documents, this article think that "the doctrine of the mean"idea is a kind of political ideals in ancient civilization period, it is expressed, established and formed in the political realm and through political expression in the most early time. Confucius summarized and has inherited this ideological tradition and its thinking resources, and has developed its connotation greatly in the value standard position, has opened a brand-new ideological vision. In Confucius's thought , "the doctrine of the mean"wisdom can be understood as a kind of way of thinking, a kind of political ideal, a kind of life attitude, a kind of ideal personality, a perfect aesthetic ideal and so on. "the doctrine of the mean" wisdom left its deep impression and marks in Chinese traditional political philosophy, philosophy of life, aesthetics and artistic philosophy in its own way. And also, it has established the basic and profound characteristics and direction of Chinese traditional culture. Along with Confucianism's as its own development and evolution, "doctrine of the mean"thought also has been expanding and enriching, and entrusts with all sorts ofdifferent interpretations and explanations, is becoming the essencial spirit and the core value nerve of Confucianism and soaks deeply in the blood of Chinese culture. Therefore, understanding of Confucius "doctrine of the mean" wisdom equitably is very important for understanding "the doctrine of the mean"inner logic of thinking, for understanding the trajectories of development of Confucianism itself, for understanding the energetic quality of Confucianism, as well as for understanding our own culture cultural root and background, has the very vital significance.

Influence of Solution Concentrations on Surface Morphology and Wettability of ZnO Thin Films

Jianguo Lv,Changlong Liu,Feng Wang,Zhitao Zhou,Zhenfa Zi,Yuan Feng,Xiaoshuang Chen,Feng Liu,Gang He,Shiwei Shi,Xueping Song,Zhaoqi Sun 대한금속·재료학회 2013 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.9 No.2

ZnO thin films were grown on silicon substrates using a hydrothermal method. The XRD patterns show that all of the peaks can be attributed to the wurtzite structures of ZnO. The TC value of (002) plane and average crystal size increase first and then decrease with the increase of solution concentration. SEM and AFM results show that many dense hexagonal cylinder particles have been observed on the surface of the thin films, which grown at 0.08 and 0.10 mol/L. The surface roughness of the thin films deposited at 0.06,0.08, 0.10, and 0.12 mol/L are 24.5, 38.3, 32.0, and 39.4 nm, respectively. Surface wettability results show that the preferential orientation along c-axis and surface roughness contribute significantly to the hydrophobicity. The reversible switching between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity is related to the synergy of the transition of wetting model, surface crystal structure, and surface roughness.

Normal Estimation for Mass Point Clouds of Irregular Model in the 3D Reconstruction based on Fuzzy Inference

Liu Yan-ju,Jiang Jin-gang,Miao Feng-juan,Tao Bai-rui,Zhang Hong-lie 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.7 No.5

This paper presents a fuzzy normal estimate for mass point clouds of irregular models in reconstruction. The irregular model is complex object that some part is smooth and some parts are irregular including sharp features. Therefore, we put kNN and curvature of mass point clouds to fuzzy inference system to divide the kind of point clouds and the output of FIS can determine which part of tooth point clouds belong to. For different kinds point clouds, corresponding algorithm is given. Point clouds in the smooth area are estimated normal by PCA directly and ones in other regions of thin or sharp area are estimated by checker and attach points. This method is simpler than those complex methods used on the whole point clouds directly. The experiment results show that much time is saved and surface reconstruction is very fine than PCA and WLOP.

Genome-wide association studies approach and post-GWAS study in rice

Gang Li,Min-Young Yoon,Won-Hee Ra,Jae-Wan Park,Qiang He,Aye Aye Khaing,Xiao-Qiang Wang,Win Htet Oo,Feng-Peng Li,Byoung Kook Yun,Chang-Yong Lee,Yong-Jin Park 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07

AGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) have proven a useful technique for identifying genetic loci responsible for natural variation in rice. With the fast developed next-generation sequencing technology, it is possible for people to carry out GWAS by phenotyping different traits. However, how to make full use of huge data, abandon unnecessary data, and solve the problem of data application effectively seems still an obstacle for many researchers. Taking the case of whole-genome resequencing of Korean authentic rice core set, here we present a general technological path of GWAS including: 1) a schematic view of sequencing-based GWAS in rice; 2) a user-friendly and interactive web application for GWAS in rice by the aid of experience from Arabidopsis; 3) Haplotype and association analysis of candidate genes in a certain mechanism pathway, giving 10 starch synthesis genes as example; and 4) functional validation by Trans- and Mata-Omics analysis.