Experimental design and evaluation of a moisture responsive sports bra

Adriana Gorea,Fatma Baytar,Eulanda A. Sanders 한국의류학회 2020 Fashion and Textiles Vol.7 No.1

Women prefer to wear a sports bra not only for exercising, but also during resting and daily activities, highlighting deficiencies in current sports bra designs. The purpose of this study was to design, develop, and evaluate a sports bra that offers responsive behavior, in terms of breast support and comfort, both during rest and running conditions. A biomimetic design framework guided the conceptual phase, and moisture responsive plant biomechanics offered a feasible functional model. Fourteen sports bras were developed and wear- tested using college athletes. The moisture responsive panels inside the bra absorbed the sweat generated during running, making the fabric thicker when wet (statistically significant via 3D body scanning results), while maintaining comfort and perceived breast support through sweaty conditions (confirmed via questionnaire results). Adjustments to the underbust band tightness should be pursued, aiming to further improve sports bra functionality, promoting women health and their lifestyles.

The effects of information on young consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions of fashion products made of fur, leather, and wool

Minjung Lee,Elena Karpova,Fatma Baytar 한국마케팅과학회 2019 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine how sidedness of information affects consumer attitudes, subjective norms, and purchase intentions of fashion goods made of fur, leather, and wool. An experimental study using a randomized multi-group design with four levels of treatment was conducted. Participants (N = 1,533) were assigned to read one of four product information texts before completing an online survey. Participants’ attitude and subjective norms toward purchasing fashion products made of fur, leather, and wool were significantly different depending on whether they were exposed to: (1) one-sided information against using animalbased materials, (2) one-sided information promoting use of animalbased materials, (3) two-sided information presenting both sides; or (4) information not related to fashion productsmade of animal-based materials (control group). The findings are useful for marketing professionals, consumers who want to make informed and unbiased purchase decisions, and fashion educators for developing curriculum to prepare ethical and responsible future industry professionals and implementing effective teaching strategies.

The role of visual and verbal information on the functionality of shapewear in female consumers’ online purchase decisions

신온유,Ling Zhang,Chanmi Hwang,Fatma Baytar 복식문화학회 2019 服飾文化硏究 Vol.27 No.6

The purpose of the current study was to examine the role of information on shapewear’s functionality in consumers’ purchase decisions in an online shopping context. Through two steps of stimulus development process, four mock websites were developed to conduct a main study. In the main study, a 2 (visual information: absent vs. present images of the shapewear’s functionality) x 2 (verbal information: absent vs. present descriptions of the shapewear’s functionality) between-subject factorial design was employed to examine the impact of visual and verbal information regarding the functionality of shapewear on the consumer decision-making process (i.e., attitudes and purchase intentions). The results showed that verbal information about how shapewear reduces the size of specific body parts (i.e., waist, abdomen, hips, and thighs) were effective in increasing perceived attractiveness in an online context, which increased attitudes and purchase intentions. In addition, attitudes toward the shapewear mediated the effects of expected physical attractiveness on purchase intentions. The results of this study provided empirical support for the importance of expected physical attractiveness in consumers’ online purchase decision on shapewear and useful managerial implications for enhancing the effectiveness of online shapewear presentations by including descriptions of the functionality of shapewear in decreasing the size of body parts.

The role of visual and verbal information on the functionality of shapewear in female consumers’ online purchase decisions

Eonyou Shin,Ling Zhang,Chanmi Hwang,Fatma Baytar 복식문화학회 2019 服飾文化硏究 Vol.27 No.7

The purpose of the current study was to examine the role of information on shapewear’s functionality in consumers’ purchase decisions in an online shopping context. Through two steps of stimulus development process, four mock websites were developed to conduct a main study. In the main study, a 2 (visual information: absent vs. present images of the shapewear’s functionality) x 2 (verbal information: absent vs. present descriptions of the shapewear’s functionality) between-subject factorial design was employed to examine the impact of visual and verbal information regarding the functionality of shapewear on the consumer decision-making process (i.e., attitudes and purchase intentions). The results showed that verbal information about how shapewear reduces the size of specific body parts (i.e., waist, abdomen, hips, and thighs) were effective in increasing perceived attractiveness in an online context, which increased attitudes and purchase intentions. In addition, attitudes toward the shapewear mediated the effects of expected physical attractiveness on purchase intentions. The results of this study provided empirical support for the importance of expected physical attractiveness in consumers’ online purchase decision on shapewear and useful managerial implications for enhancing the effectiveness of online shapewear presentations by including descriptions of the functionality of shapewear in decreasing the size of body parts.

The role of visual and verbal information on the functionality of shapewear in female consumers' online purchase decisions

Shin, Eonyou,Zhang, Ling,Hwang, Chanmi,Baytar, Fatma The Costume Culture Association 2019 服飾文化硏究 Vol.27 No.6

The purpose of the current study was to examine the role of information on shapewear's functionality in consumers' purchase decisions in an online shopping context. Through two steps of stimulus development process, four mock websites were developed to conduct a main study. In the main study, a 2 (visual information: absent vs. present images of the shapewear's functionality) x 2 (verbal information: absent vs. present descriptions of the shapewear's functionality) between-subject factorial design was employed to examine the impact of visual and verbal information regarding the functionality of shapewear on the consumer decision-making process (i.e., attitudes and purchase intentions). The results showed that verbal information about how shapewear reduces the size of specific body parts (i.e., waist, abdomen, hips, and thighs) were effective in increasing perceived attractiveness in an online context, which increased attitudes and purchase intentions. In addition, attitudes toward the shapewear mediated the effects of expected physical attractiveness on purchase intentions. The results of this study provided empirical support for the importance of expected physical attractiveness in consumers' online purchase decision on shapewear and useful managerial implications for enhancing the effectiveness of online shapewear presentations by including descriptions of the functionality of shapewear in decreasing the size of body parts.

Cloth face mask fit and function for children part two: Material Selection

Katarina Goodge,Jenny Leigh Du Puis,Mona Maher,Margaret W. Frey,Fatma Baytar,Heeju Park 한국의류학회 2022 Fashion and Textiles Vol.9 No.1

The second component of this three-paper series studying cloth face masks for children ages 4 to 6 years old concentrates on optimizing aerosol capture and air permeability through fabric selection. Material choices were evaluated in two modes: Flat Filter (FF) and Head Form (HF). FF isolates material factors while HF simulates the performance of the constructed masks on a 3D printed child head form. In FF mode, higher fltration efciency correlated to lower air permeability in both reusable commercial and experimental face masks regardless of fber contents, fabric structures, and number of layers. Our prototype face mask developed in design exploration successfully captured 37±12% of 0.3 μm, 87±3% of 0.5 μm, and 87±2% of 1.0 μm particles while maintaining good air permeability, moisture capture, and aerosolized salt capture in HF mode. Sealing masks to minimize outward leakage reduced particle capture up to 64%. Particle leakage data captured at the eye level of the head form illuminated the synergy between mask design, material choice, and ft.

Cloth face mask fit and function for children part one: design exploration

Jenny Leigh Du Puis,Lauren Forstenhausler,Katarina Goodge,Mona Maher,Margaret Frey,Fatma Baytar,Huiju Park 한국의류학회 2022 Fashion and Textiles Vol.9 No.1

Commercially available children’s cloth masks range widely in material type and fabric structures, methods of construction, layering, and shape, and there is a lack of sizing systems, anthropometric data or guidelines specifcally targeting the ft assessment and design of cloth face masks for children 4-6 years old. To better identify and understand the cloth face mask ft and functional needs of children ages 4-6 years old, the researchers embarked on interdisciplinary in-depth study to investigate commercial market oferings of children’s face masks, identify consumer perspectives, and explore mask design improvements through design research. By triangulating results from survey feedback, commercial market content analysis, and wear trial observations, the researchers were able to identify important design criteria that can be used in the improvement of children’s cloth face mask design: size, comfort, dexterity, movement, and thermal comfort. These criteria were used to iteratively develop new mask prototypes involving a 3D printed head form, traditional sewing and hand patternmaking skills, and the creation of multiple mask versions to explore the design criteria listed above. The designs were interpreted through Bye’s (2010) Problem-Based Design Research (PBDR) framework, which identifes common design research practices in the feld on a spectrum and situates PBDR as a process centered on a problem as impetus for design through which artifacts are developed.

Children’s cloth face mask sizing and digital fit analysis: method development

Mona Maher,Jenny Leigh Du Puis,Katarina Goodge,Margaret Frey,Heeju Terry Park,Fatma Baytar 한국의류학회 2024 Fashion and Textiles Vol.11 No.1

There is a necessity to use digital data and tools when developing children’s products. The present study was designed to provide digital methods to guide product development and problem-solving when using 3D body scans and face mask simulations for 6-year-olds. First, key facial measurements were evaluated to better understand the variables that might affect face mask sizing for children for the selected age group. Then the findings were used to optimize the size and fit of a cloth face mask design. Next, the fit of the digital, optimized face mask design was tested on 44 head scans from Size North America by using subjective and objective fit assessment techniques. Study findings suggested that width and length-related measurements are critical for children’s face masks. Body mass index (BMI) and ethnicity were also found to be the main factors for identifying size ranges in the selected age group. As BMIs increase, face mask sizes should increase. Additionally, the results indicated a need to use a larger database of children of all ethnicities to design an inclusive facemask that would provide a comfortable and protective fit for different facial proportions. Although the results cannot be generalized due to the case study approach of the present research and its focus on methods development, they can provide manufacturers, designers, and researchers with guidelines on how to develop proper sizing and use digital data to conduct functional fit analysis for facemasks.