Bacterial Fruit Rot of Apricot Caused by Burkholderia cepacia in China

Fang, Yuan,Li, Bin,Wang, Fang,Liu, Baoping,Wu, Zhiyi,Su, Ting,Qiu, Wen,Xie, Guanlin The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2009 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.25 No.4

An unreported disease of apricot was observed in orchards in Zhejiang province, China. Symptoms started as water soaked lesions on the fruit surface. Later, water-soaked areas developed and spread to the entire fruit, resulting in soft rot of the whole fruit. The causal organism isolated from symptomatic fruits was identified as Burkholderia cepacia based on its biochemical and physiological characteristics and confirmed by the cellular fatty acid composition and Biolog data as well as 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The bacterial isolates caused similar symptoms when inoculated onto fruits of apricot. In addition, European plum, Japanese plum, nectarine and kiwifruit were susceptible to the B. cepacia pathogen. However, the B. cepacia pathogen failed to cause any visible symptoms when it was inoculated onto 16 other fruits. This is the first report of a bacterial disease of apricot caused by B. cepacia in China.

Bacterial Fruit Rot of Apricot Caused by Burkholderia cepacia in China

Yuan Fang,Bin Li,Fang Wang,Baoping Liu,Zhiyi Wu,Ting Su,Wen Qiu,Guanlin Xie 한국식물병리학회 2009 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.25 No.4

An unreported disease of apricot was observed in orchards in Zhejiang province, China. Symptoms started as water soaked lesions on the fruit surface. Later, water-soaked areas developed and spread to the entire fruit, resulting in soft rot of the whole fruit. The causal organism isolated from symptomatic fruits was identified as Burkholderia cepacia based on its biochemical and physiological characteristics and confirmed by the cellular fatty acid composition and Biolog data as well as 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The bacterial isolates caused similar symptoms when inoculated onto fruits of apricot. In addition, European plum, Japanese plum, nectarine and kiwifruit were susceptible to the B. cepacia pathogen. However, the B. cepacia pathogen failed to cause any visible symptoms when it was inoculated onto 16 other fruits. This is the first report of a bacterial disease of apricot caused by B. cepacia in China.

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics and Rapid Light Response Curves of Alpine Rhododendron

Yuan-Huan Liu,Fang-Li Liu,Bo Long,Xiong-Li Zhou,Xue Zhang,Yue Zhang,Wen-Li Wang,Shi-Kang Shen 한국원예학회 2019 원예과학기술지 Vol.37 No.4

The aim of this study was to determine the photosynthetic adaptability of Rhododendron species toalpine environments. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and rapid light response curves ofeight Rhododendron species were determined under field conditions across elevation gradients (atelevations of 2,950, 3,560, 3,660, 3,770, and 4,030 m) in the Jiaozi Mountain National NaturalReserve, Yunnan Province, southwestern China. The effect of different elevations, species, and theirinteractions significantly affected most of the chlorophyll fluorescence and rapid light response curveparameters. The variable to maximum fluorescence ratio (Fv/Fm) ranged from 0.78 to 0.81 at the fiveelevation gradients. This result indicated that the studied species were well grown and adapted to thecurrent environment. The correlation analysis indicated that the elevation was positively significantlycorrelated with the photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, electron transport rate, maximumelectron transport rate, light saturation coefficient (Ek), and chlorophyll relative content (SPAD: leafchlorophyll content index) and was negatively significantly correlated with photochemicalquenching, nonphotochemical quenching, and linear initial slope values. Although no significantrelationship was observed between the elevations and Fv/Fm, the apparent difference in Fv/Fm both atelevation gradients and elevation × species levels indicated that the Rhododendron speciesdemonstrated species-specific adaptation to the environment at different elevations. Our resultsprovided evidence that Rhododendron species exhibit variations in photosynthetic activities in analpine environment at different elevations. These differences may improve the understanding of thephysiological adaptation variations of Rhododendron species across elevation gradients in associationwith climate change in the mountains of southwestern China.

Statistical Optimization of Culture Media and Conditions for Production of Mannan by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Hong-Zhi Liu,Qiang Wang,Yuan-Yuan Liu,Fang Fang 한국생물공학회 2009 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.14 No.5

In view of the increase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan content, the culture medium and condition for S.cerevisiae were optimized in this study. The influence of culture medium ingredients such as carbon and nitrogen sources, inorganic ion, and enzyme activator on mannan production were evaluated using factional design. The mathematical model was established by the quadratic rotary combination design through response surface analysis. The optimized concentrations of culture medium were determined as follows: 4.98 g/100 mL, sucrose; 4.39 g/100 mL, soybean peptone; 3.10 g/100 mL, yeast extract; and 2.21 g/100 mL, glycerol. The optimized culture medium increased mannan production from 82.7 ± 3.4 mg/100 mL to 162.53 ± 3.47 mg/100 mL. The influence of original pH, inoculum size, temperature, and media volume on mannan production was evaluated and confirmed by orthogonale experimental design, with the order of effect as follows: media volume > temperature > initial pH > inoculation size. The optimized culture condition was pH, 5; inoculum size, 5 ml; temperature, 32oC; and media volume, 40 mL. The maximum mannan production increased to 258.5 ± 9.1 mg/100 mL at the optimum culture condition.=It was evident that the mannan production was affected significantly by culture medium and condition optimization (é < 0.01). In view of the increase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan content, the culture medium and condition for S.cerevisiae were optimized in this study. The influence of culture medium ingredients such as carbon and nitrogen sources, inorganic ion, and enzyme activator on mannan production were evaluated using factional design. The mathematical model was established by the quadratic rotary combination design through response surface analysis. The optimized concentrations of culture medium were determined as follows: 4.98 g/100 mL, sucrose; 4.39 g/100 mL, soybean peptone; 3.10 g/100 mL, yeast extract; and 2.21 g/100 mL, glycerol. The optimized culture medium increased mannan production from 82.7 ± 3.4 mg/100 mL to 162.53 ± 3.47 mg/100 mL. The influence of original pH, inoculum size, temperature, and media volume on mannan production was evaluated and confirmed by orthogonale experimental design, with the order of effect as follows: media volume > temperature > initial pH > inoculation size. The optimized culture condition was pH, 5; inoculum size, 5 ml; temperature, 32oC; and media volume, 40 mL. The maximum mannan production increased to 258.5 ± 9.1 mg/100 mL at the optimum culture condition.=It was evident that the mannan production was affected significantly by culture medium and condition optimization (é < 0.01).

INTERACTIONS OF THE INFRARED BUBBLE N4 WITH ITS SURROUNDINGS

Liu, Hong-Li,Li, Jin-Zeng,Wu, Yuefang,Yuan, Jing-Hua,Liu, Tie,Dubner, G.,Paron, S.,Ortega, M. E.,Molinari, Sergio,Huang, Maohai,Zavagno, Annie,Samal, Manash R.,Huang, Ya-Fang,Zhang, Si-Ju American Astronomical Society 2016 The Astrophysical journal Vol.818 No.1

<P>The physical mechanisms that induce the transformation of a certain mass of gas in new stars are far from being well understood. Infrared bubbles associated with H II regions have been considered to be good samples for investigating triggered star formation. In this paper we report on the investigation of the dust properties of the infrared bubble N4 around the H II. region G11.898+0.747, analyzing its interaction with its surroundings and star formation histories therein, with the aim of determining the possibility of star formation triggered by the expansion of the bubble. Using Herschel PACS and SPIRE images with a wide wavelength coverage, we reveal the dust properties over the entire bubble. Meanwhile, we are able to identify six dust clumps surrounding the bubble, with a mean size of 0.50 pc, temperature of about 22 K, mean column density of 1.7 x 10(22) cm(-2), mean volume density of about 4.4 x 10(4) cm(-3), and a mean mass of 320M(circle dot). In addition, from PAH emission seen at 8 mu m, free-free emission detected at 20 cm, and a probability density function in special regions, we could identify clear signatures of the influence of the H II region on the surroundings. There are hints of star formation, though further investigation is required to demonstrate that N4 is the triggering source.</P>

ERRATUM : Real-time Measurement of Full Field Retardation Near Quarter Wavelength

Liu, Longhai,Zeng, Aijun,Yuan, Qiao,Zhu, Linglin,Fang, Ruifang,Huang, Huijie Optical Society of Korea 2013 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.17 No.1

Nitrogen-doped graphene loaded non-noble Co catalysts for liquid-phase cyclohexane oxidation with molecular oxygen

Fang Hao,Yuan Sun,Yidi Wang,Yang Lv,Pingle Liu,Xiong Wei,Hean Luo 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.8

Selective aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol (KA oil) with high yield under mild and green conditions is still a significant challenge in the current chemical industry. Herein, nitrogen doped graphene loaded non-noble Co (Co-N-rGO) catalysts, prepared by a facile post-impregnation method, exhibited a high catalytic performance and stability in liquid phase cyclohexane oxidation with molecular oxygen. The experiment and characterization results show that N doping in the catalysts promotes Co metal particle dispersion and induces carbon film coating on Co to prevent leaching and agglomeration. Besides, density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that N doping is beneficial to the O-O bonds breaking in cyclohexyl-hydroperoxides (CHHP), thereby promoting the dissociation of CHHP and enhancing the yield to KA oil. In addition, the catalyst can be easily separated without appreciable loss of catalytic activity after recycling for five times, and show potential industrial application value for the catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane to KA oil in the chemical industry.

Use of In Vivo-Induced Antigen Technology to Identify In Vivo-Expressed Genes of Campylobacter jejuni During Human Infection

( Yuan Qing Hu ),( Jin Lin Huang ),( Qiu Chun Li ),( Yu Wei Shang ),( Fang Zhe Ren ),( Yang Jiao ),( Zhi Cheng Liu ),( Zhi Ming Pan ),( Xin An Jiao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.3

Campylobacter jejuni is a prevalent foodborne pathogen worldwide. Human infection by C. jejuni primarily arises from contaminated poultry meats. Genes expressed in vivo may play an important role in the pathogenicity of C. jejuni. We applied an immunoscreening method, in vivo-induced antigen technology (IVIAT), to identify in vivo-induced genes during human infection by C. jejuni. An inducible expression library of genomic proteins was constructed from sequenced C. jejuni NCTC 11168 and was then screened using adsorbed, pooled human sera obtained from clinical patients. We successfully identified 24 unique genes expressed in vivo. These genes were implicated in metabolism, molecular biosynthesis, genetic information processing, transport, and other processes. We selected six genes with different functions to compare their expression levels in vivo and in vitro using real-time RT-PCR. The results showed that the selected six genes were significantly upregulated in vivo but not in vitro. In short, these identified in vivo-induced genes may contribute to human infection of C. jejuni, some of which may be meaningful vaccine candidate antigens or diagnosis serologic markers for campylobacteriosis. IVIAT may present a significant and efficient method for understanding the pathogenicity mechanism of Campylobacter and for finding targets for its prevention and control.

Aberrant Expression of E-cadherin in Lung Tissues of Patients with Probable Lung Cancer

Yuan, Yu-Lin,Wang, Yu-Ming,Liu, Hua,Qin, Gui-Fang,Tang, Ai-Guo,Duan, Yong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

Introduction: This study assessed the relationship of E-cadherin mRNA and protein expression with the diagnosis of lung cancer with the aim of providing an auxiliary diagnostic method. Methods: Semi-quantitative nested RT-PCR and western blotting were applied to detect E-cadherin mRNA transcripts and protein, respectively, in 30 cases of diagnostic lung cancer, 30 cases of clinically suspected patients with lung cancer and 30 cases of other disease. Immunohistochemical staining was also used to detect E-cadherin. Results: Remarkably decreased levels of relative E-cadherin mRNA value and increased E-cadherin protein negativity were observed in probable lung cancer, when compared with possible lung cancer and others. With a threshold of 1.45, relative E-cadherin mRNA value showed a sensitivity of 90% and a specifity of 83% for the diagnosis of lung cancer. The combination of decreased relative E-cadherin mRNA value and negative E-cadherin protein increased the specificity and sensitivity. Conclusion: These data suggest that Chinese patients with diagnostic lung cancer have similar decreased levels of relative E-cadherin mRNA and E-cadherin protein value in the lung cancer tissues as in lung cancer patients in other countries. Measurement of relative E-cadherin mRNA and protein values in lung cancer tissues has potential for lung cancer diagnosis.

The Value of Infectious Biomarkers for Prediction of Complication after Pancreatic Surgery

( Yuan Fang ),( Gang Jin ),( Xubao Liu ),( Yajin Chen ),( Bei Sun ),( Zhongtao Zhang ),( Wenchuan Wu ),( Wenhui Lou ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: To assess the predictive value of biomarkers for early complication after pancreatic surgery. Methods: 950 cases were recruited from 6 centers in China. Procalcitonin,C-reactive protein and WBC were measured on 1st, 3rd and 5th postoperative day . Chi-square test was for the complication risk factors. One-way ANOVA was for the comparison between the biomarkers in these 4 days. ROC curves was for the complication predictive value. Results: 1) 502 with and 448 without complication, pancreatic fistula (380,40%) had the highest morbidity, while the level A B C fistula were 278,90 and 12. 2) In the non-complication subgroup, the mean baseline,POD1, POD3 and POD 5 of PCT were 0.1, 0.81, 0.93, 0.57ug/L (P=0.118); CRP were 8.39, 70.81,99.59, 49.49mg/L (P=0.000). In the complication subgroup, the mean baseline,POD1, POD3 and POD 5 of PCT were 0.09, 0.93, 0.77, 0.37(P=0.000), CRP were 9.30, 79.70, 153.01, 85.83. (P=0.000) 3) There were significant differences in the subgroups classified by occurrence of infectious complication, abdominal infection and sepsis in POD3 and POD 5 of PCT, and significant difference by occurrence of complication, pancreatic fistula in POD3 and POD 5 of CRP, WBC and neutrophil%. 5) The AUC of POD3 and POD 5 of PCT were 0.8, 0.7, 0.6 (P=0.000) to predict sepsis, abdominal infection and infectious complication. AUC of POD3 and POD5 of CRP and WBC were 0.7,0.6 (P=0.000)to predict complication and pancreatic fistula. Conclusions: PCT is better to predict infectious complication, abdominal infection and sepsis while CRP, WBC and Neutrophil % are better to predict complication and pancreatic fistula.