Production of a Recombinant Laccase from Pichia pastoris and Biodegradation of Chlorpyrifos in a Laccase/Vanillin System

( Hui fang Xie ),( Qi Li ),( Min Min Wang ),( Lin Guo Zhao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.6

The recombinant strain P. pastoris GS115-lccC was used to produce laccase with high activity. Factors influencing laccase expression, such as pH, methanol concentration, copper concentration, peptone concentration, shaker rotate speed, and medium volume were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, laccase activity reached 12,344 U/L on day 15. The recombinant enzyme was purified by precipitating and dialyzing to electrophoretic homogeneity, and was estimated to have a molecular mass of about 58 kDa. When guaiacol was the substrate, the laccase showed the highest activity at pH 5.0 and was stable when the pH was 4.5~6.0. The optimal temperature for the laccase to oxidize guaiacol was 60℃, but it was not stable at high temperature. The enzyme could remain stable at 30℃ for 5 days. The recombinant laccase was used to degrade chlorpyrifos in several laccase/mediator systems. Among three synthetic mediators (ABTS, HBT, VA) and three natural mediators (vanillin, 2,6-DMP, and guaiacol), vanillin showed the most enhancement on degradation of chlorpyrifos. Both laccase and vanillin were responsible for the degradation of chlorpyrifos. A higher dosage of vanillin may promote a higher level of degradation of chlorpyrifos, and the 2-step addition of vanillin led to 98% chlorpyrifos degradation. The degradation of chlorpyrifos was faster in the L/V system (kobs = 0.151) than that in the buffer solution (kobs = 0.028).

A Pleiotropic Phenotype is Associated with Altered Endogenous Hormone Balance in the Developmentally Stunted Mutant (dsm1)

Hui-Fang Zhao,Kai Qiu,Guo-Dong Ren,Yong Zhu,Ben-Ke Kuai 한국식물학회 2010 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.53 No.1

A developmentally stunted mutant (dsm1) of Arabidopsis, isolated from an EMS mutant screen, had a pleiotropic phenotype, including repressed germination,retarded growth, delayed flowering, and impaired fertility. Additionally, dsm1 had a lifespan of approximately 160 days, which was more than twice the lifespan of the wild type (Col-0). Fine morphological and anatomical characters, such as the shoot apical meristem, root apical meristem, seed shape, and seed surface, were obviously altered in dsm1. We found that both abscisic acid and zeatin riboside levels were significantly greater in dsm1 than in Col-0 at all stages of development, while the levels of indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellins varied by age. The expressions of some abscisic acid-related genes were higher in dsm1 than in Col-0. These data indicate that DSM1 may play a general role in plant growth and development.

A Multi-center Survey of HPV Knowledge and Attitudes Toward HPV Vaccination among Women, Government Officials, and Medical Personnel in China

Zhao, Fang-Hui,Tiggelaar, Sarah M.,Hu, Shang-Ying,Zhao, Na,Hong, Ying,Niyazi, Mayinuer,Gao, Xiao-Hong,Ju, Li-Rong,Zhang, Li-Qin,Feng, Xiang-Xian,Duan, Xian-Zhi,Song, Xiu-Ling,Wang, Jing,Yang, Yun,Li, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5

Objectives: To assess knowledge of HPV and attitudes towards HPV vaccination among the general female population, government officials, and healthcare providers in China to assist the development of an effective national HPV vaccination program. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiologic survey was conducted across 21 urban and rural sites in China using a short questionnaire. 763 government officials, 760 healthcare providers, and 11,681 women aged 15-59 years were included in the final analysis. Data were analyzed using standard descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results: Knowledge of HPV among the general female population was low; only 24% had heard of HPV. Less than 20% of healthcare providers recognized sexually na$\ddot{i}$ve women as the most appropriate population for HPV vaccination. There was high acceptance of the HPV vaccine for all categories of respondents. Only 6% of women were willing to pay more than US $300 for the vaccine. Conclusions: Aggressive education is necessary to increase knowledge of HPV and its vaccine. Further proof of vaccine safety and efficacy and government subsidies combined with increased awareness could facilitate development and implementation of HPV vaccination in China.

Comprehensive cervical cancer prevention and control in the Asia Pacific region: the 6th Biennial Conference of the Asia Oceania Research Organization on Genital Infections & Neoplasia (AOGIN)

Fang-Hui Zhao,You-Lin Qiao 대한부인종양학회 2014 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.25 No.3

Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-Of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Selective Determination of Usnic Acid and Application in Pharmacokinetic Study

Minfeng Fang,Hui Wang,Yang Wu,Qilin Wang,Xinfeng Zhao,Xiao-Hui Zheng,Shixiang Wang,Guifang Zhao 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.6

A rapid and sensitive method for determining usnic acid of Lethariella cladonioides in rat was established using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) tandem mass (MS/MS). Rat plasma was pretreated by mixture of acetonitrile and chloroform to precipitate plasma proteins. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a column (50 × 2.1 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of water (containing 5 × 10−3 M ammonium formate, pH was adjusted to 3.0 with formic acid) and acetonitrile (20:80, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. A tandem mass spectrometric detection with an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface was conducted via collision induced dissociation (CID) under negative ionization mode. The MS/MS transitions monitored were m/z 343.0448 → m/z 313.2017 for usnic acid and m/z 153.1024 → m/z 136.2136 for protocatechuic acid (internal standard). The linear range was calculated to be 2.0-160.0 ng/mL with a detection limit of 3.0 pg/mL. The inter- and intra-day accuracy and precision were within ± 7.0%. Pharmacokinetic study showed that the apartment of usnic acid in vivo confirmed to be a two compartment open model. The method was fully valid and will probably be an alternative for pharmacokinetic study of usnic acid.

Combined Screening of Cervical Cancer, Breast Cancer and Reproductive Tract Infections in Rural China

Li, Zhi-Fang,Wang, Shao-Ming,Shi, Ju-Fang,Zhao, Fang-Hui,Ma, Jun-Fei,Qiao, You-Lin,Feng, Xiang-Xian Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

Objectives: To investigate the current prevalence and knowledge of cervical cancer, breast cancer and reproductive tract infections (RTIs) in rural Chinese women, and to explore the acceptance and feasibility of implementing a combined screening program in rural China. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among women aged 30 to 59 years old in Xiangyuan County, Shanxi Province from 2009 to 2010. Socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of cervical cancer, breast cancer and RTIs, and the attitude toward single or combined screening were collected by an interview questionnaire. Each participant received a clinical examination of the cervix, breast and reproductive tract. Examinations included visual inspection, mammography, laboratory tests and pathological diagnosis. Results: A total of 1,530 women were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of cervical precancerous lesions, suspicious breast cancer, suspicious benign breast disease and RTIs was 1.4%, 0.2%, 14.0% and 54.3%, respectively. Cervicitis, trichomonas vaginitis, and bacterial vaginitis were the three most common RTIs among our participants. Television, radio broadcast, and public education during screening were the major source of healthcare knowledge in rural China. Moreover 99.7% of women expressed great interest in participating in a combined screening project. The affordable limit for combined screening project was only 50 RMB for more than half of the rural women. Conclusion: A combined screening program would be more effective and popular than single disease screening projects, while appropriate accompanied education and a co-pay model for its successful implementation need to be explored, especially in low-resource settings.

Decentralized Robust H∞ Output Feedback Control for Value Bounded Uncertain Large-scale Interconnected Systems

Zhao-Hui Jiang,Yong-Fang Xie,Wei-Hua Gui,Can Huang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2010 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.8 No.1

In this paper, decentralized robust H∞ output feedback control problem for large-scale interconnected system with value bounded uncertainties in the state, control input and interconnection matrices is investigated. A new bounded real lemma for the large-scale interconnected systems is derived by Lyapunov stability theory and linear matrix inequality method. Based on the new bounded real lemma, a sufficient condition expressed as matrix inequalities for the existence of a decentralized robust H∞ output feedback controller is obtained. The controller which enables the closed-loop large-scale system robust stable and satisfies the given H∞ performance is designed through a homotopy iterative method. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Psychological Effects of Primary Nocturnal Enuresis in Chinese Young Adults

Hui Jie Hu,Zhen Wei Zhang,Yu Liang,Yan Yan Luo,Qi Feng Dou,Cui Ping Song,Hui Min Zhang,Ying Zhao,Guang Run Tian,Ke Zhang,Qiu Fang Mao,Jing Gui Song,Soren Rittig,Jian Guo Wen 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2021 International Neurourology Journal Vol.25 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and effects of primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) on physical and mental health in young adults in mainland China. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire was used to collect information including the sociodemographic characteristics, history of PNE, family history, daytime voiding symptoms, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores, Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). A total of 22,500 university students from 23 provinces and 368 cities in mainland China were included. Results: In total, 21,082 questionnaires were collected, and 20,345 of them qualified for statistical analysis. The PNE prevalence was 1.17%, and the distribution of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) and nonmonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NMNE) was 66.1% and 33.9%, respectively. In total, 28% of respondents with PNE reported bedwetting daily, 31.6% between 1 and 7 times weekly, and 40.4% between 1 and 4 times monthly; 80% of PNE cases had no history of treatment. The prevalence of PNE in patients with a family history, frequency, urgency, urinary incontinence, and recurrent urinary tract infections was significantly higher than in those without these conditions (P<0.001). PNE was significantly correlated with the PSQI total score (sleep quality) (P=0.011). The SES score was lower and the SDS was higher (P<0.001) in the PNE group than in those without PNE. Conclusions: In mainland China, the PNE prevalence among young adults was found to be high, and PNE had significant effects on physical and mental health. Risk factors included a family history, daytime voiding symptoms, and lack of treatment.

Fragrance Composition in Six Tree Peony Cultivars

Zhao, Jing,Hu, Zeng-Hui,Leng, Ping-Sheng,Zhang, Hui-Xiu,Cheng, Fang-Yun Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2012 원예과학기술지 Vol.30 No.6

Tree peony is a traditional famous flower of China, and plays an important role in Chinese traditional culture. But the floral scent of tree peony in vivo is little known. In this study, in order to explore the floral composition of tree peony, floral volatiles of six cultivars, including Paeonia suffruticosa 'Zhaofen' (ZF), P. suffruticosa 'Luoyanghong' (LYH), P. ostii 'Fengdanbai' (FDB), P. ${\times}$ lemonei 'High noon' (HN), P. ${\times}$ lemonei 'Renown' (R), and P. rockii 'Gaoyuanshenghuo' (GYSH) were collected by dynamic headspace and then identified by Automated Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectometry. The results showed that floral fragrances of the six cultivars were qualitatively and quantitatively distinct. A total of 105 volatiles involving ten categories were detected. But not all volatile categories were emitted from these cultivars. The six peony cultivars emitted some shared compounds and peculiar compounds. The total released amounts of volatiles emitted from six cultivars were found significantly different, which was greatest for 'GYSH'. The most abundant volatile compounds detected from 'ZF', 'LYH', 'FDB', 'HN', 'R', and 'GYSH' were respectively ${\alpha}$-pinene, 2,3-dihydroxy propanal, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, acetic acid 1-methylethyl ester, and 5-ethyl-2,2,3-trimethyl heptane. This result may contribute to exploring the biosynthesis and emission mechanism of floral scent in tree peony.

RESEARCH : Effects of repeated tuberculin skin testings on immune responses in experimental monkeys

( Fang Ui Min ),( Jing Wang ),( Wen Yuan ),( Hui Wen Kuang ),( Wei Bo Zhao ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2014 한국축산학회지 Vol.56 No.32

Though many alternative methods to tuberculin skin testing (TST) have been established and evaluated in recent years, sensitivities and specificities of most methods could not meet the requirements of golden standards. In this study, we sought to identify whether repeated TSTs could affect the immune responses in experimental monkeys. Nine natural tuberculosis (TB) monkeys receiving repeated TSTs biweekly were used to demonstrate the effect on TST responsiveness. Two healthy monkeys were administrated with repeated TSTs to analyze the immune response profiling. Intrapalpebral reactions in TB infections gradually weakened or presented intermittent positive reactions. The leukocyte counts, cytokine responses, and antibody responses to all antigens except Old tuberculin (OT) and MPT64L showed no specific changes for TB in healthy monkeys. Positive antibody responses to OT and MPT64L emerged during the first half experimental period, which may cause by their cross-reactivity with mycobacterial species. Results showed that repeated TSTs had no significant effects on immune responses in healthy monkeys but a progressive reduction in TST responsiveness in TB infections.