China`s Rural Land Policy and Human Right Protection

( Er Ping Li ),( Sabrina Ching Yuen Luk ) 한국정책학회 2013 International Journal of Policy Studies Vol.4 No.2

Under rapid economic growth and large-scale urbanization, the Household Responsibility System (HRS) implemented since the 1980s has revealed lots of drawbacks that severely jeopardize peasants` human rights. Due to unclear rural land property rights, non-standardized land requisition procedures, and weak and unfair land transfer mechanism, peasants cannot enjoy the right to be informed, freedom of expression, and freedom of movement. Land-lost peasants also cannot enjoy the right of access to social assistance and social security. This study argues that nowadays, no matter which land tenure system is implemented in China, priority should be given to equality, which is followed by efficiency and land conservation. There is always the trade-off between equality and efficiency. When there is no way to strike the right balance between equality and efficiency, equality should not be sacrificed for the sake of efficiency. On the contrary, efficiency can be sacrificed for the sake of equality.

Efficient and Selective Construction of Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine Derivatives

Ping He,Jing Wu,Yang-Gen Hu,Zai-Fang Li,Qiu-Fei Hou,Yan-Ling Wang,Kun Zhao,Erli Zhang 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.2

An efficient and selective method for the synthesis of ethyl 2-amino/aryloxy-3-aryl-4-oxo-5-phenyl-4,5- dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine-7-carboxylate derivatives has been developed. The main process involved the reaction of diethyl 1-phenyl-3-((triphenylphosphoranylidene)amino)-1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarboxylate and aromatic isocyanates, followed by addition of amines/phenols in the presence of catalytic amount of sodium ethoxide or solid potassium carbonate.

Effects of metal-molecule interface conformations on the electron transport of single molecule

Ping Bai,Er Ping Li,Chee Ching Chong,Zhikuan Chen 한국물리학회 2006 Current Applied Physics Vol.6 No.3

The electron transport eects of molecule locations on the metal interface are investigated through metalmoleculemetal systemsusing the rst principles method, based on density functional theory with norm conserving non-local pseudopotentials and non-equilib-rium Green’s functions. Three kinds of moleculemetal interface conformations are studied. These include locating the molecule on thetop, at the hollow site and on the bridge of metal surface atoms. AumoleculeAu open systems are constructed and numerically exam-sion functions of constructed systems are calculated and analyzed. Simulated results show that the on-atom contact exhibits the bestmoleculemetal coupling when an external bias lower than 1.4 V is applied. The bridge contact has a similar coupling as the hollow con-tact with a small dierence at larger external bias. This may partially explain why experimental results have poor repeatability.

Serum miR-21 Expression in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Cai, Er-Hui,Gao, Yong-Xin,Wei, Zhong-Zhi,Chen, Wei-Ying,Yu, Ping,Li, Ke Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

To investigate the relationship between serum miRNA-21 (miR-21) expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) and its clinicopathologic features, a 1:1 matched case-control study including 21 patients with ESCC and 21 age- and gender-matched healthy controls was carried out. Serum specimens were taken from all subjects. Total RNA was extracted and the stem-loop real time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure serum miR-21 in both groups. Clinical parameters were assessed to determine associations with serum miR-21 concentrations. Serum miR-21 expression in ESCC samples was significantly higher than in paired cancer-free samples (P<0.05). Metastasis was associated with mir-21 expression in serum (P<0.05), ESCC patients with metastasis having 8.4-fold higher serum miR-21 concentrations than healthy controls. There were no statistically significant associations between miR-21 expression and clinicopathologic parameters, such as gender (P>0.05), age (P>0.05), tumor location (P>0.05), cell differentiation (P>0.05), TNM staging (P>0.05), whether chemo/radiotherapy had been administered (P>0.05), or whether surgery had been performed (P>0.05). These findings suggest that the detection of microRNA-21 in serum might serve as a new tumor biomarker in diagnosis and assessment of prognosis of ESCCs.

Efficient and Selective Construction of Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine Derivatives

He, Ping,Wu, Jing,Hu, Yang-Gen,Li, Zai-Fang,Hou, Qiu-Fei,Wang, Yan-Ling,Zhao, Kun,Zhang, Erli Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.2

An efficient and selective method for the synthesis of ethyl 2-amino/aryloxy-3-aryl-4-oxo-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine-7-carboxylate derivatives has been developed. The main process involved the reaction of diethyl 1-phenyl-3-((triphenylphosphoranylidene)amino)-1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarboxylate and aromatic isocyanates, followed by addition of amines/phenols in the presence of catalytic amount of sodium ethoxide or solid potassium carbonate.

DEPTOR Expression Negatively Correlates with mTORC1 Activity and Tumor Progression in Colorectal Cancer

Lai, Er-Yong,Chen, Zhen-Guo,Zhou, Xuan,Fan, Xiao-Rong,Wang, Hua,Lai, Ping-Lin,Su, Yong-Chun,Zhang, Bai-Yu,Bai, Xiao-Chun,Li, Yun-Feng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.11

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is upregulated in the pathogenesis of many cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). DEPTOR is an mTOR inhibitor whose expression is negatively regulated by mTOR. However, the role of DEPTOR in the development of CRC is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of DEPTOR and mTORC1 activity (P-S6) in a subset of CRC patients and determine their relation to tumor differentiation, invasion, nodal metastasis and disease-free survival. Here, Immunohistochemical expression of P-S6 (S235/236) and DEPTOR were evaluated in 1.5 mm tumor cores from 90 CRC patients and in 90 samples of adjacent normal mucosa by tissue microarray. The expression of P-S6 (S235/236) was upregulated in CRC, with the positive rate of P-S6 (S235/236) in CRC (63.3%) significantly higher than that in control tissues (36.7%, 30%) (p<0.05). P-S6 (S235/236) also correlated with high tumor histologic grade (p=0.002), and positive nodal metastasis (p=0.002). In contrast, the expression level of DEPTOR was correlated with low tumor histological grade (p=0.006), and negative nodal metastasis (p=0.001). Interestingly, P-S6 (S235/236) expression showed a significant negative association with the expression of DEPTOR in CRC (p=0.011, R= -0.279). However, upregulation of P-S6 (S235/236) (p=0.693) and downregulation of DEPTOR (p=0.331) in CRC were not significantly associated with overall survival. Thus, we conclude that expression of DEPTOR negatively correlates with mTORC1 activity and tumor progression in CRC. DEPTOR is a potential marker for prognostic evaluation and a target for the treatment of CRC.

Determining a Detectable Threshold of Signal Intensity in cDNA Microarray Based on Accumulated Distribution

( Xia Gao ),( Xu Ping Fu ),( Tao Li ),( Jian Zi ),( Yao Luo ),( Qing Wei ),( Er Liang Zeng ),( Yi Xie ),( Yao Li ),( Yu Min Mao ) 생화학분자생물학회 2003 BMB Reports Vol.36 No.6

In microarray data mining, one of the key problems is how to handle weak signals. Based on a bent piecewise linear accumulated distribution generally found in the microarray data, a new detectable threshold finding method is proposed to filter genes with unreliable information in this paper. More reliable and reproducible data is produced for the subsequent data mining.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Resectable Esophageal Carcinoma: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Xu, Xiao-Hua,Peng, Xue-Hong,Yu, Ping,Xu, Xiao-Yuan,Cai, Er-Hui,Guo, Pi,Li, Ke Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable esophageal carcinoma has been a focus of study, but no agreement has been reached on clinical randomized controlled trials and relevant systematic evaluation. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis on published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery with surgery alone for resectable esophageal carcinoma. Medline and manual searches was conducted in PubMed, ASCO (American Society of Clinical Oncology) meeting summary, Embase, the Cochrane Library (up to October 2010), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database, Wanfang Database. The selection contents were to identify all published and unpublished RCTs that compared neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery with surgery alone for resectable esophageal carcinoma. Sixteen RCTs which included 2,594 patients were selected. The risk ratio (RR) (95% confidence interval [CI]; P value), expressed as neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery versus surgery alone (treatment versus control), was 1.02 (0.95, 1.10; P=0.54) for 1-year survival, 1.29 (1.13, 1.47; P=0.0001) for 3-year survival, 1.31 (1.13, 1.51; P=0.0003) for 5-year survival, 1.00 (0.95, 1.04; P= 0.85) for rate of resection and 0.89 (0.64, 1.23; P=0.48) for operative mortality. The results showed that neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable esophageal carcinoma can raise the overall survival rate of patients with esophageal carcinoma, but it does not affect treatment-related mortality.

Expression of ERCC1, MSH2 and PARP1 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Prognostic Value in Patients Treated with Platinum-based Chemotherapy

Xie, Ke-Jie,He, Hong-Er,Sun, Ai-Jing,Liu, Xi-Bo,Sun, Li-Ping,Dong, Xue-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic value of the expression of excision repair cross-complementation group l (ERCC1), MutS protein homolog 2 (MSH2) and poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) in non-small-cell lung cancer patients receiving platinum-based postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expression of ERCC1, MSH2 and PARP1 in 111 cases of non-small cell lung cancer paraffin embedded surgical specimens. Through og-rank survival analysis, we evaluated the prognostic value of the ERCC1, MSH2, PARP1 and the related clinicopathological factors. COX regression analysis was used to determine whether ERCC1, MSH2 and PARP1 were independent prognostic factors. Results: In the enrolled 111 non-small cell lung cancer patients, the positive expression rate of ERCC1, MSH2 and RARP1 was 33.3%, 36.9% and 55.9%, respectively. ERCC1 (P<0.001) and PARP1 (P=0.033) were found to be correlated with the survival time while there was no correlation for MSH2 (P=0.298). Patients with both ERCC1 and PARP1 negative cancer had significantly longer survival time than those with ERCC1 (P=0.042) or PARP1 (P=0.027) positive alone. Similalry, the survival time of patients with both ERCC1 and PARP1 positive cancer was shorter than those with ERCC1 (P=0.048) or PARP1 (P=0.01) positive alone. Conclusion: Patients with ERCC1 or PARP1 negative non-small cell lung cancer appear to benefit from platinum-based postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.