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"Leading from Behind": Toward a New U.S. Strategy for the Asia-Pacific
( Douglas Stuart ) 한국국방연구원 2012 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.24 No.2
This article surveys some of the challenges that President Obama or his successor will face over the next several years as the United States attempts to "pivot toward Asia." In view of the ongoing shift in power from West to East, Washington can no longer assume that it can preserve or transform Asia-Pacific security by its unilateral actions. Rather, the United States must develop a "lead from behind"strategy that will assist America`s Asia-Pacific friends and allies to "make room for China" while at the same time encouraging them to take greater responsibility for regional security. As it develops its plans for the Asia-Pacific region, the United States will have to accord special attention to three legacy issues (the China-Taiwan relationship, the unresolved confrontation between North and South Korea, and the incompatibility of American and Chinese values) which have confounded U.S.-China relations for six decades. If managed properly, a U.S. pivot toward Asia can be beneficial to both the United States and America`s regional friends and allies. But this will require Washington to pursue what President Obama recently described as a "more centered course" that leverages America`s assets in the Asia-Pacific while avoiding policies that force regional governments to choose between Washington and Beijing.
Oil and Conflict in the Pacific
Douglas A. Yates 세계환경사회거버넌스학회 2015 World Environment and Island Studies Vol.5 No.3
Oil and conflict are dangerously intertwined in the Pacific, where China has several disputes with its neighbors. The Senkaku (Diaoyu) islands in the Ryuku chain of the East China Sea which are reported to possess large oil reserves offshore are currently disputed by China and Japan. The Paracel (Xisha) islands of the South China Sea, also rich in oil reserves, have caused low intensity conflict between China and Vietnam. And once oil was discovered the Spratley islands, in the South China Sea north of Brunei, are disputed by five countries: Indonesia, Brunei, Philippines, Malaysia and China, whose large blue water navy and military installations are enforcing what it claims to be its exclusive sphere of influence. Meanwhile in the Straits of Malacca the Chinese navy has sent a flotilla to accompany the long column of oil tankers which carry most of the oil imports of East Asia. Oil has caused a veritable 'petro pirate plague' in the straits between Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia, threating East Asia's vital supply of crude oil. All of these new conflicts offshore raise questions of regional security in the Asia-Pacific region. Is the oil these islands are reported to possess worth an interstate war? China should instead work with its neighbors to make the East and South China seas safe for commerce.
( Douglas Skonicki ) 성균관대학교 동아시아학술원 2011 Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.11 No.1
In this article, I analyze how the Song dynasty thinker Ouyang Xiu (1007-1072) and the Tokugawa intellectual Ogyu Sorai (1666-1728) employed a similar hermeneutics to repudiate the cosmological theories embraced by their contemporaries. Both men argued that the conceptions of the cosmos held by their peers were based on misinterpretations of the Confucian classics. They moreover asserted that the classics revealed the parameters of knowledge established by the ancient sages, which served to delimit the proper bounds of intellectual speculation. They contended that the cosmological theories propounded by their peers overstepped these bounds and that such theories were therefore unsubstantiated. On the basis of the above two claims, Ouyang and Sorai sought to replace the cosmological theories held by the majority of their contemporaries with what they asserted was the correct view of the relationship between the cosmos and humanity found in the classics.
Role for Social Media in Pediatric Liver Disease: Caregiver and Provider Perspectives
Douglas B. Mogul,Mary Grace Bowring,Jennifer Lau,Erin Babin,John F.P. Bridges,Sanjiv Harpavat,Tamir Miloh 대한소아소화기영양학회 2020 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.23 No.6
Purpose: To better understand the benefits and harms of engagement with online pediatric liver disease communities within social media. Methods: We conducted a survey of caregivers of children with liver disease participating in online pediatric liver disease communities within social media, as well as a survey of healthcare providers (e.g., physicians, surgeons, nurse coordinators) from this field to better understand the perceived benefits and harms of participation. Results: Among 138 caregivers of children with liver disease that completed the survey, 97.8% agreed social media was a good place to learn about patient experiences and 88% agreed it was a good source of general information. Among caregivers, 84.8% agreed social media helps them to better advocate for their child. While 18% agreed that the information over social media was equal to the information from their healthcare team and 19% neither agreed/disagreed, only 3% indicated they would use this information to change care without telling their provider; in contrast, among 217 healthcare providers, 55% believed social media may lead caregivers to change management without telling their team. Conclusion: Engagement with online disease-specific communities in social media yields several benefits for caregivers and, in contrast to healthcare providers' concerns, participation is unlikely to lead to problems including caregivers changing the treatment plan without first discussing these plans with their team. Openness between caregivers and medical teams about the role for social media can help to improve trust and maximize the potential benefits of engagement with these groups.
Helicobacter pylori의 전사조절인자인 Fur 단백질과 Metronidazole 저항성
Douglas E. Berg,최성숙(Sung Sook Choi) 대한약학회 2008 약학회지 Vol.52 No.3
To clarify effects of the structural changes if Fur protein on the resistance to metronidazole(MTz), the mutational analysis of structure and function of the protein in Helicobacter pylori (Hp) was undertaken. It was identified that some changes in Hp Fur protein resulted in increase og resistance to Mtz, and other changes resulted in decrease of resistance. Increase of Mtz resistance came from the enzyme's decreased ability of reducing prodrug Mtz to the form of bactericidal agent. Some sites that affects Mtz resistance (i) in Fur's N terminal extension, and (ii) in its central region, which links DNA binding and Fe-binding modules were identified. It was also found that the FLAG tag to Fur's C terminus also significantly impairs Fur function.