韓國 中世의 軍事訓練 : 講武制 Kang Moo Jae

강동원 한국체육사학회 1996 체육사학회지 Vol.1 No.-

Kang Mu was a military exercise which purports to prepare the military system and enhance the military power through practical military exercise. The nature of Kang Mu had unclear characteristic in Koryo Dynasty, However, the early era of Cho Sun Dynasty had begun to ipliment more in-depth philosophical aspects. Sungrihak as a national philosophy focused on keeping the authority of king. Worship, Manner, and Public relationship which Kang Mu emphasized were came out of Confucianism. These characteristics were significant differences between the simple military exercise and Kang Mu, From this perspective, Kang Mu was considered to be very practical system which includes mulitary exercise and philosophical perspective. However, Kang Mu lost its nature and characteristics by long lasting peace, priority on agricuttural policy, and demilitarization. From King Yun San era, Kang Mu Continued its name only and finally became more enjoyable public game and play.

동씨침을 시술한 안면경련의 치험 3례

김태우,김효은,조명제,강영화,이재동,Kim, Tae-woo,Kim, Hyo-eun,Cho, Myung-je,Kang, Young-hwa,Lee, Jae-dong 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Objective : Hemifacial spasm is painless uncommon disorder characterized by involuntary paroxysmal movement of one side of face, In this study, the effect of Dong-Si acupuncture therapy for three patients with hemifacial spasm were evaluated. Methods : We have treated them with acupuncture treatment of Dong-Si acupuncture points(Cheuk-Samni and Cheuk-ha-Samni) and evaluated the effect by Scott's scale, For the first two weeks, it was dine once a day, and after two weeks, the other day. Results : Before therapy, the grades of spasm intensity classified by Scott's description in three cases were 3. And after Dong-Si acupuncture therapy, the grade of one case was 0, and two cases were 1. Conclusion : The Dong-Si acupuncture therapy for hemifacial spasm was effective and will be attempted to the patients with it.

Gender Role and Motivation on Dictogloss

Dong-Ho Kang 한국영어교과교육학회 2009 영어교과교육 Vol.8 No.1

Over the last two decades, research has demonstrated that focus-on-form instructions plays a crucial role in L2 acquisition. This study as a follow-up application of the previous study (Kang, 2009) investigates the effects of gender and motivation on one special type of focus-on-form instructions, dictogloss, involving understanding the text as well as learning the target language feature. Kang's (2009) study found that the dictogloss instruction was beneficial on L2 learning and that the beneficial effects of dictogloss were influenced by high school students’ proficiency levels. This study further found that motivations could predict the performance of the female students during the dictogloss treatment, even though there were no significant differences between males and females in the achievement from treatment. In other words, the motivational factors such intensity and WTC (Willingness to Comprehend) influenced the female students' achievement during dictogloss. Pedagogical implications were discussed.

한국 언론에 비친 미 평화봉사단의 영어교육 및 사회·교육에 끼친 영향 연구

강후동(Kang, Hoo Dong) 영미어문학회 2021 영미어문학연구 Vol.35 No.1

Kang, Hoo Dong. 2021. “The Effects of American Peace Corps on English Education and Socio-education in Korea in the Newspapers.” J ournal of British & American Language, Literature & E ducation 35(1), 27-49. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Peace Corps on English education and socio-educational aspect in the Korean Peninsula in Korean newspapers. For this study, 127 newspaper articles from 1966 to 2015 were collected from the Chosun Ilbo, the Dong-A Ilbo, the Chungang Ilbo archives, Korea Times, and so on. The collected articles showed the significant influence of Peace Corps activities on the life patterns of Korean people during this period. The results of the study reveal that the Peace Corps’ service in Korea contributed to and influenced on the life of not only their students but also participants themselves as Peace Corps in various aspects. This study categorizes the influences into five domains: 1) diplomatic relations, 2) spread of Korean culture, language, and literature, 3) religious activities in English, 4) friendship and more, 5) the effect of English education. The study concluded that the articles of Korean newspapers more highlighted the effects of Peace Corps on other domains above rather than on English education, even though their duties more heavily focused on English education.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Arthroscopic Meniscus Repair in Young Patients: Comparison of All-Inside and Inside-Out Suture Techniques

Dong­Geun Kang,Young­Jin Park,Jae­Ha Yu,Jong­Byung Oh,Dong-Yeong Lee 대한슬관절학회 2019 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.31 No.1

Purpose: The purposes of the present study were to review published studies that investigated arthroscopic meniscus repair to treat meniscus injury in young patients and to compare all­inside and inside­out suture techniques.Methods: Various electronic databases were queried for published articles, and this search was updated in August 2017 for evaluating the outcomes of arthroscopic meniscus surgery in young patients. Data search, extraction, analysis, and quality assessment were performed according to the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines, and the clinical outcomes were evaluated using various outcome values in young patients according to suture techniques.Results: Three randomized controlled trials and three prospective comparative studies were included in this systematic review and meta­analysis. There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes such as meniscus healing rate (risk ratio [RR], 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90 to 1.37; I2=39%) and perioperative complications (RR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.23 to 1.72; I2=43%) between all­inside and inside­out techniques for meniscus repair.Conclusions: The present study shows favorable results for clinical outcomes such as meniscus healing rate and perioperative complications in young patients. Furthermore, based on our results, both all­inside and inside­out meniscal suture techniques are equally effective in these patients.

태권도 540도 뒤후려차기 동작의 운동역학적 분석

강동권 ( Dong Kwon Kang ),강서정 ( Suh Jung Kang ),유연주 ( Yeon Joo Yu ) 한국운동역학회 2013 한국운동역학회지 Vol.23 No.1

본 연구의 첫 번째 목적은 540° 뒤후려차기 동작의 운동역학적 변인들을 정량화 하는 것이고, 두 번째 목적은 지상동작이 공중동작에 미치는 영향을 밝혀내는 것이다. 지상회전 구간에서의 수직지면반력(GRF)을 분석한 결과 지상에서 180° 회전하면서 나타나는 수직지면반력(GRF)이 체중보다 낮아지는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 반동(counter movement)을 사용하여 높게 점프하려는 전략으로 반동 동작시 발생하는 신장성수축으로 인한 근육과 건에 저장된 탄성에너지를 사용하여 높게 점프하는 SSC(stretch shortening cycle)시스템(Komi, 2003)을 사용하는 것이다. 이렇게 반동을 사용하는 것이 반동을 사용하지 않았을 때보다 높게 점프할 수 있다(Bobbert, Gerritsen, Litjens & Soest, 1996). 즉, 지상에서 회전하는 동안에는 반동 동작을 수행하지 않는 것으로 보이지만 실제로는 반동 동작을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 540° 뒤후려차기에서 각 구간에서 중요하다고 판단되어 정의한 8개의 변인들을 분석한 결과 8개의 변인에서 비슷한 패턴과 적은 표준편차를 나타냈다. 이러한 결과는 11명의 엘리트 시범단원들이 540° 뒤후려차기를 수행하는데 있어서 모두 비슷한 전략을 가지고 있는 것으로 해석할 수 있으며, 이러한 결과는 추후 540° 뒤후려차기를 연구하는 데 유용한 기초자료로 활용 될 수 있을 것이다. 540° 뒤후려차기는 돌개차기와 뒤후려차기가 결합된 복합 기술이다. 즉, 540° 뒤후려차기는 돌개차기로 점프하여 뒤후려차기로 차기기술을 수행한다. Kang과 Kim(1996)은 엘리트 선수의 돌개차기 동작을 연구하였는데, 엘리트 겨루기 선수들의 돌개차기 동작 수행시 지상회전 구간의 소요시간은 0.59±0.06 sec로 나타나 본연구의 지상회전 구간의 소요시간인 0.4±0.04 sec보다 길게 나타났다. 이는 득점을 위하여 빠르게 동작을 수행하는 엘리트 겨루기 선수들보다 540° 뒤후려차기를 전문적으로 수행하는 엘리트 시범단원들이 지상회전 구간에서 더 빠른 지상회전 동작을 수행하는 것으로 사료된다. 540° 뒤후려차기는 차기 구간에서 뒤후려차기를 동작을 수행한다. 이러한 뒤후려차기는 공을 던지는 듯 한 동작의 돌려차기(Throw-like motion)와 미는 형태의 옆차기(Pushlike motion)의 특징이 혼합된 복합운동(Kim, Jin & Shin, 1995; Choi, Lee, Kim & Kim, 2007)으로 복잡한 메커니즘을 가지고 있고, 돌려차기에 비해 뒤후려차기의 발끝 속도는 느리다(Kim, Y. K. & Kim, Y. H., 2010). Ha와 Kim(2009)은 엘리트 시범단원 3명을 대상으로 뒤후려차기의 발끝 속도를 분석한 결과 14.43±2.00 m/sec로 본 연구의 8.78±0.76 m/ses 보다 빠르게 나타났다. 하지만 선행연구는 한발을 지면에 딛고 기술을 수행한 것이고, 본 연구의 뒤 후려차기는 공중에서 수행 했다는 차이점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구의 두 번째 목적인 지상동작이 공중동작에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 각 구간별 변인들로 상관분석을 실시한 결과 예상하지 못한 결과가 나타났다. 기본적으로 체공시간(FT)과 충격량(impulse)으로 수직점프높이를 추정 할 수 있다(Richter, Rapple, Kurz & Schwameder, 2012; Yuktasir & Kaya, 2009). 따라서 두 변인간의 상관은 높게 나타나는데 본 연구의 결과에서는 체공시간(FT)과 충격량(impulse)에서 상관이 유의하게 나타나지 않았다. 또한 수직신체무게중심(COG)과 충격량(impulse)도 상관관계가 높을 것으로 예상하였으나, 본 연구의 결과 유의한 상관이 나타나지 않았다. 이는 점프동작 이외에 회전동작의 개입으로 인한 결과(Lee & Kim, 1996)로 판단된다. 또한 차기동작인 뒤후려차기를 수행하기 위하여 상체를 숙이는 것에 기인하여 수직신체무게중심(COG)과 충격량(impulse)의 상관이 나타나지 않은 것으로 사료된다. The aim of the study was a quantitative analysis of elite athlete`s 540o Dwihuryeochagi and effects of ground movements to the jumping height and kicking velocity. Eleven elite players(Taekwondo demonstration team) participated in this study. In order to get the kinetic and kinematic variables, ten Vicon cameras and a force plate were used. Foot segment velocity(FSV), vertical ground reaction force(GRF), impulse, ground time(GT) in phase 1, trunk angular velocity(TAV), vertical center of gravity(COG), flight time(FT) in phase 2 and kicking leg segment velocity(KSV) in phase 3 were measured and analyzed. Results indicated that there were similar patterns of variables among phases between subjects. Non-significant correlation(r=.145) between flight time(FT) and impulse was found. Also non-significant correlation(r=.119) between center of gravity(COG) and impulse was found. In conclusions, there were similar strategies in phase 1, phase 2, and phase 3 between subjects.

혈우병 소견을 가진 뇌출혈 환자 치험(治驗) 1례(例)

정인태,서병관,이현종,하지영,강미경,홍장무,백용현,박동석,최도영,Jung, In-tae,Seo, Byung-kwan,Lee, Hyun-jong,Ha, Ji-young,Kang, Mi-kyeong,Hong, Jang-moo,Baek, Yong-hyeon,Park, Dong-suk,Choi, Do-young 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Objective : Hemophilia, a genetically determined disorder, is characterized by abnormality of the coagulation mechanism due to functional deficiency of a specific factor, namely VIII or IX. In this study, the effect of Dong-Si acupuncture therapy on the cerebral hemorrhage patient with hemophilia was evaluated. Methods : We treated him with acupuncture by stimulating Dong-Si acupuncture point(Yuk Wan) and assessed the effect by using manual dynamic evaluation of MRC(Medical Research Council) and Modified Barthel Index. Results : After treatment, the bleeding tendency was grossly reduced and bleeding lesion was absorbed gradually. And manual dynamic evaluation of the upper extremity increased from 4 grade to 5 grade. Conclusions : This result suggest that Dong-Si acupuncture therapy on the cerebral hemorrhage patient with hemophilia was effective. And futher studies are required to concretely prove the effectiveness of Dong-Si acupuncture therapy for treating hemorrhagic diseases.

近代 韓國私學의 起源과 그 發展方向에 關한 硏究 : 政治文化的 側面을 中心으로

康東俊 건국대학교 1979 論文集 Vol.9 No.1

This study has relations with the history of the Yi dynasty, and of the modern education in Korea. But, it is neither the history of the Yi dynasty itself nor the history of the modern education in Korea. This study makes use the present results of the above·mentioned two disciplines, tries, to find out the aspect of political culture of the modern private schools, in terms of it's initial stage. In the first place, we understand the ertablishment of modern private schools in Korea, as the fourth attempt for the modernization of the Old Korea, The first attempt, before the open door policy of Korea, was taken by the progressive doctrinal movement within the framework of the confucian scholars based on the empiricism and pragmatism (the Sil-hak). The second, after the open door to the Japan, was the movement for the modernization of the Old Korea. The third attempt was the Revolt of Korean farmers (the Dong-hak) in 1894, before the war between China and Japan. Therefore, we consider the above-mentioned three movements as ideological background of the Korean modern private schools in terms of it's initial stage. In regard to the origins of the Korea modern private schools, Koreans have founded the schools, by their own fortunes, to fight in defense of their country, against the Japanese aggression by means of educating the people, whereas the mission schools have faunded by foreign missionary funds for the missionary works, based on the Christianism. In the meanwhile, the government of the Empire o Korea promulgated the Ordinance of the private schools in order to limit and control the private schools, while the students who learned the Japanese was increased, in the public schools, in great number. As for the development-orientation, reflected in the contents of teaching, the text books, the students' activities and, the popular songs for students, the major characteristics are as follows; First, such feeling as "I am the master of the country" is advocated intensively, but previously the king or the noble was the master, not the people; this is the radical change of idea. We find here a very sincere reflection of the relation between the individuals and the state. Second, the teachers and the students reproached openly the Japan for it's aggression and the government for it's powerlessness. Therefore, the Japaneses blamed the Korean private schools for being confused. the education with the politics and for the penetration of the "seditious idea" into the private schools. Hereafter, this anti-Japan orientation, changed in the anti-government orientation, became the resistance-orientation against the political power. Third, the establishment of the girls schools proved the break down of the traditional inequality of two sexes, the children of the noble and the common people learn together to approve the abolishment of the carte system. Moreover, the school for deaf and mute was founded. Here, we find the orientation for the equality among people. These political orientations, without a doubt, are found to be the efforts of criticing and overcoming the confucian tradition by which the Korean political tradition can be characterizel by it's authoritarian political culture, in which people were made subservient to the state through the requirement of loyalty. Certainly, the activities of the Korean modern private schools belong to the same category of the efforts put out by Sil-hak philosophy, Dong-hak philosophy, Modernization Movement and Independence Association Movement, and these efforts are considered to be the movements by the people to establish national identity and to promote equality within the society. In spite of the political and social visissitude, it is to be remembered that the originality of the aspect of the political culture, in the Korean modern private schools, consists in it's institutional continuity, that is, the continual development of the Korean private schools.

A New Sesame Variety, “Kangbaek” with Disease Resistance, Lodging Tolerence and High Yield

Kang-Bo Shim,Churl-Whan Kang,Suk-Bok Pae,Si-Kyu Lim,Yu-Young Lee,Duck-Yong Suh,Jae-Whan Rho,Jin Song,Dong-Whi Kim,Ho-Young Kim 한국육종학회 2005 한국육종학회지 Vol.37 No.5

A new sesame variety Kangbaek was developed from Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute in 2004. Cros wasmade by lodging resistant SP9003-3 line to the F1with high yielding capacity, folowed by pedigree selection, yield test and RYT by the sesame breeding team at the National Insti-tute of Crop Science up to 2003. The variety showed higher disease resistance, especially phytophothra disease, and lodging resis-respectively. It's 1000 grains weight was about 2.54 g indicating 0.03 g heavier than that of Yangbaekkae, and it's oil content wasabout 52%. Kangbaek also contained total 7.65mg/g of such lignans as sesamin and sesamolin. The average yield of Kang-baek was 82 kg per 10a at the national-wide regional performance.

정상 성인에 경구 투여한 Cefixime 두 정제의 생물학적 동등성 비교

강진양,서성훈,이경태,문창훈,강진한,이동건,최정현,신완식 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.4

목적 : 식품의약안전청 고시 제 1998-86호(1998. 8.26) "생물학적 동등성 시험 기준"에 의하여 섹심 캅셀(시험약, 한국유나이트제약)과 슈프락스 캅셀(대조약, 동아제약)의 생물학적 동등성을 비교 검토하였다. 방법 : 2×2 라틴 방격법에 따라 건강한 성인 남성 지원자 20명에게 cefixime 100㎎씩 경구투여하였다. 약제투여 후 12시간까지 일정간격으로 채혈하였고 각 피험자들의 혈중약물농도 데이터로부터 구한 Area under the concentration (AUC), C_(max), T_(max) 등의 생체이용률 파라미터에 대해 통계학적으로 고찰하여 두 제제간의 생물학적 동등성을 평가하였다. 결과 : AUC, C_(max), T_(max)에 대한 평균값의 차가 각각 1.26%, 3.73%, 6.21%로서 모두 대조약의 20% 이내에 들어 생물학적 동등성 판정기준의 전제조건을 만족하였다. 분산분석 결과 AUC, C_(max), T_(max)의 각 비교 항목에 있어서 모두 유의수준 α=0.05의 군/순서효과 검정에서 F비가 F 분석표의 한계값보다 작아 교차시험이 제대로 이루어졌음을 확인할 수 있었으며, AUC, C_(max), T_(max) 각 비교항목에 있어서 유의수준 α=0.05에서 대조약에 대한 최소검출차(Δ)가 각각 17.74%, 17.05%, 15.67%로 모두 20% 이내이었으며, 검출력(1-β)도 모두 0.8 이상으로 나타나 생물학적 동등성 판정기준을 만족시켰다. 또 AUC, C_(max), T_(max) 각 비교항목에 있어서 대조약에 대한 생체이용률 차이의 신뢰한계(δ)가 ±20% 이내이어야 한다는 생물학적 동등성 판정기준을 모두 만족시켰다. 결론 : 이상의 실험결과로 시험약은 대조약에 대하여 생물학적 동등성 평가항목인 AUC, C_(max), T_(max)에서 모두 판정기준을 만족시켜 시험약은 대조약과 생물학적으로 동등하다고 사료된다. Background : The study was designed to compare the bioeqivalence between the test (CEXIME®. United Korea. Co., Ltd) and control (SUPRAX®. Dong-a Pharm. Co.. Ltd) capsules of cefixime. Methods : Twenty. healthy, male volunteers completed the study Each subject ingested single dose (100 ㎍) of the control and test drugs in 2?2 crossover design with a week drug-free interval between the doses. Blood samples were collected serially up to 12 hours and plasma concentrations of cefixime were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. A non-compartmental approach was used for analysis of the concentration-time data. Results : The area under the curve (AUC), the maximum concentration of drug (C_(max)). and time to reach C_(max)(T_(max)) did not show any significant difference between the two preparations by ANOVA. The mean differences of AUC, C_(max), and T_(max) were within 20% of the control drug, those were 1.26%. 3.73%. and 6.21%. respectively. The confidence limits of three parameters were satisfied the bioeqivalence criteria. Conclusion : These results suggest that the test drug was bioequivalent with the control drug.