Discourses of victimhood and agency: A case study of a teenage Indian girl negotiating her identity in a gendered world

Disha Maheshwari 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2019 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.25 No.2

In this paper, I report on the case of a young Indian adolescent girl, Anita (a pseudonym), and explore how she constructs and negotiates her various identities. Using discourse analysis, in particular the concept of positioning, I examine how Anita locates herself in the period of transition between childhood and adulthood, while drawing on various notions of gender and sexuality available to her in the specific social context of her school in India. The specific focus of examination is Anita's identity construction in relation to ideas of victimization and agency, which are seen to run parallel with each other.

Rheumatiod Arthritis: An Updated Overview of Latest Therapy and Drug Delivery

Disha Kesharwani,Rishi Paliwal,Trilochan Satapathy,Swarnali Das Paul 대한약침학회 2019 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.22 No.4

Rheumatoid arthritis is a severe autoimmune disorder, related to joints. It is associated with serious cartilage destruction. This causes disability and reduces the excellence of life. Numerous treatments are existed to combat this disease, however, they are not very efficient and possess severe side effects, higher doses, and frequent administration. Therefore, newer therapies are developed to overcome all these limitations. These include different monoclonal antibodies, immunoglobulins, small molecules used for immunotherapy and transgenes for gene therapy. One of the main goals of these new generation therapeutics is to address the underlying distressing biological processes by specifically targeting the causative agents with fewer systemic side effects and greater patient console. It is very fortuitous that loads of progressive investigations are going on in this field and many of them have entered into the successful clinical trial. But till date, a limited molecule has got FDA clearance and entered the market for treating this devastating disease. This review highlights the overview of conventional therapy and advancements in newer therapeutics including immunotherapy and gene therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Further, different novel techniques for the delivery of these therapeutics of active and passive targeting are also described.

Novel Association of a Familial TGFBR1 Mutation in Loeys-Dietz Syndrome with Concomitant Hematologic Malignancy

Kushtrim Disha,Solveig Schulz,Martin Breuer,Tamer Owais,Evaldas Girdauskas,Thomas Kuntze 대한흉부외과학회 2019 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.52 No.5

Concomitant Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) and hematologic malignancies are exceptionally rare. This is the first report of a patient operated on for aortic root dilation who had been previously diagnosed with LDS and B-cell-lymphoma. After completion of chemotherapy and complete remission, an elective valve-sparing aortic root replacement (using the David-V method) was performed. Due to the positive family history, preoperative genetic counseling was conducted, and revealed LDS with a TGFBR1 (transforming growth factor beta receptor type I) mutation in 6 probands of the family, albeit in 1 of them posthumously. This missense mutation has been previously described in relation to aortic dissection, but a causative relationship to malignancy has so far neither been proposed nor proven.

Unusual Case of Overt Aortic Dissection Mimicking Aortic Intramural Hematoma

Kushtrim Disha,Thomas Kuntze,Evaldas Girdauskas 대한흉부외과학회 2016 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.49 No.2

We report an interesting case in which overt aortic dissection mimicked two episodes of aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) (Stanford A, DeBakey I). This took place over the course of four days and had a major influence on the surgical treatment strategy. The first episode of IMH regressed completely within 15 hours after it was clinically diagnosed and verified using imaging techniques. The recurrence of IMH was detected three days thereafter, resulting in an urgent surgical intervention. Overt aortic dissection with evidence of an intimal tear was diagnosed intraoperatively.

Drug adsorption and anti-microbial activity of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Saxena, Megha,Mittal, Disha,Boudh, Richa,Kumar, Kapinder,Verma, Anita K.,Saxena, Reena Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.11 No.6

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were first oxidized (O-CNTs) to introduce carboxylic group and then further functionalized (F-CNTs) with m-phenylenediamine, which was confirmed by FTIR and SEM. It was used as an effective adsorbent for the adsorptive removal of diclofenac drug from water. Under optimum conditions of pH 6, stirring speed 600 rpm, the maximum adsorption capacity obtained was 532 mg g^-1 which is superior to the values reported in literature. The adsorption was quite rapid as 25 mg L^-1 drug solution was adsorbed in only 3 minutes of contact time with 10 mg of adsorbent dose. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were studied using various models to evaluate the adsorption process. The results showed that the data best fit in kinetics pseudo-second order and Langmuir isotherm model. Furthermore, the oxidized and functionalized MWCNTs were applied on gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus using agar disc diffusion assay to validate their anti-microbial activity. Results were unique as both oxidized and functionalized MWCNTs were equally active against both E. coli and S. aureus. The newly synthesized F-CNTs have great potential in water treatment, with their dual action of removing drug and pathogens from water, makes it potential applicant to save environment.

Development and characterization of microemulsion based topical gel of essential oil of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) for superficial fungal infections

Gandhi Jeet,Suthar Disha,Patel Hetal,Shelat Pragna,Parejiya Punit 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2021 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.21 No.3

A widespread of superficial fungal infections deals with concerns related to current therapeutic regimen such as drug resistance and adverse events associated with the same which leads exploration of natural oils as an antifungal agent. The aim of present work is to the development of clove oil loaded microemulsion based gel for treatment of superficial fungal infections. The microemulsion based gel was prepared by phase titration method and optimized using D-optimal design considering globule size, drug permeation and drug retention on skin as critical quality attributes. The MIC and zone of inhibition of clove oil was found to be 2.2 mg/ml and 38 mm respectively. A pale to yellowish transparent microemulsion had a globule size, zeta-potential and PDI of 14.41 nm, 0.73 and 0.0113 respectively indicating a stable microemulsion. A clove oil loaded microemulsion based gel (CLMBG) with a pH of 6.27 and viscosity of 12.87 m.pas/sec exhibited a comparable texture profile to marketed preparation. The drug release of the CLMBG with a drug content of 102.6 ± 4% in acetate buffer pH 5.5 was 98.5 ± 0.35% ensuring complete drug release from the formulation. Ex-vivo drug permeation study and skin irritation study dictated the retention of drug at site of action and the formulation to be non-irritant. The antifungal study proved the formulation to have similar efficacy as the marketed product (clobet gel). The stability study indicated the product to be safe, efficacious and stable formulation. From the above results, it can be derived that clove oil loaded microemulsion based gel can be a promising alternative to current antifungal regimens.

Characterization and bioefficacy of green nanosilver particles derived from fungicide-tolerant Tricho-fusant for efficient biocontrol of stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Hirpara Darshna G.,Gajera Harsukh P.,Savaliya Disha D.,Bhadani Rushita V. 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.11

An efficient and eco-friendly bioefficacy of potent Trichofusant (Fu21) and its green nanosilver formulation against stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) in groundnut was established. Fu21 demonstrated higher in-vitro growth inhibition of pathogen with better fungicide tolerance than the parental strains. The green nanosilver particles were synthesized from the extracellular metabolites of Fu21 and characterized for shape (spherical, 59.34 nm in scanning electron microscope), purity (3.00 KeV, energy dispersive X-ray analysis), size (54.3 nm in particle size analyzer), and stability (53.7 mv, zeta). The field efficacy study exhibited that the seedling emergence was high in seeds treated with green nanosilver (minimum inhibitory concentration-[MIC] 20 μg Ag/ml), and a low disease severity index of stem rot during the crop growth was followed by the live antagonist (Fu21) in addition to seed treatment with a fungicide mix under pathogen infestation. The seed quality analysis of harvested pods revealed a high oil content with balanced fatty acid composition (3.10 oleic/linoleic acid ratio) in green nanosilver treatment under pathogen infestation. The residual analysis suggested that green nanosilver applied at the MIC level as seed treatment yielded similar effects as the control for silver residue in the harvested groundnut seeds. The green nanosilver at MIC has a high pod-yield under S. rolfsii infestation, demonstrating green chemistry and sustainability of the nanoproduct.

Engineering of heterojunction TiO2/CaIn2S4@rGO novel nanocomposite for rapid photodegradation of toxic contaminants

Sachin D. Chaudhari,Abhishek Deshpande,Ankush Kularkar,Disha Tandulkar,Girivyankatesh Hippargi,Sadhana S. Rayalu,Penumaka Nagababu 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.114 No.-

The in-situ reduction of GO to rGO and simultaneous deposition of TiO2 and varying concentrationsCaIn2S410 % (rGO-C1), 20 % (rGO-C2), and 40 % (rGO-C3) resulted in the formation of robust photocatalystsfor the degradation of aqueous (azo and thiazine) dyes methylene blue (MB), congo red (CR) and realwastewater. Batch experiments were performed to analyse the effect of pH, catalyst dose, initial dye concentrationand time. Compared to other synthesised composites, rGO-C2 demonstrated enhanced photodegradationactivity, with a degradation efficiency of almost 100 % within 25–30 min. A possiblemechanism for the photodegradation of dyes was also proposed, and post-degradation products wereanalysed using the LC–MS technique. The kinetic studies show that the degradation efficiency of rGOC2followed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics (k = 0.027 min1. The rGO-C2 photocatalysts demonstratedexcellent photocatalytic degradation in real textile industry wastewater and landfill leachatewastewater. It displayed excellent recyclability and stability up to the four-cycle.

Design, optimization and pharmacokinetics of novel prolonged gastroretentive drug delivery system of quetiapine fumarate

Dharmik M. Mehta,Punit B. Parejiya,Hetal K. Patel,Palak J. Trivedi,Disha D. Suthar,Pragna K. Shelat 한국약제학회 2016 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.46 No.5

Present study attempts to overcome pH-dependent solubility, a limitation for oral delivery of poorly soluble BCS class-II drugs. A pH independent, patient compliant, dual working gastroretentive drug delivery system of model drug quetiapine fumarate (QF) was fabricated by unique combination approach of mucoadhesion and floating. Bilayer tablets comprising floating adhesive layer (FL) and matrix layer (ML) was systematically optimized by applying 32 full factorial experimental designs. Selected variables for FL: Polyox 303WSR (X1FL) and alginate beads (X2FL), and for ML: HPMC K100M (X1ML) and fumaric acid (X2ML) were studied against responses for FL: floating lag time (R1FL), total floating time (R2FL) and adhesion force (R3FL) and for ML: percentage drug released at 2 h—Q2h (R1ML), 8 h—Q8h (R2ML), and 18 h—Q18h (R3ML), respectively. Optimized batch (OP) showed floating lag time (6.5 h), total floating time (14 h), adhesion force (0.82 N) and Q18h ([90 %). Pharmacokinetic study of OP and immediate release market product demonstrated improved bioavailability (*12 % higher AUC0–?) of OP. In a nutshell, developed drug delivery system can be fabricated as a platform for QF and similar BCS class-II drugs with pH dependent solubility.

Estimating Pedigree-Based Breeding Values and Stability Parameters of Elite Rice Breeding Lines for Yield under Salt Stress during the Boro Season in Bangladesh

M. Ruhul Quddus,M. Akhlasur Rahman,Nusrat Jahan,Sanjoy K. Debsharma,Ribed F. Disha,M. Moniruzzaman Hasan,Tamal L. Aditya,KM Iftekharuddaula,Bertrand C.Y. Collard 한국육종학회 2019 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.7 No.3

In salinity affected areas, variation in salinity level is the major cause of yield fluctuations in rice during the dry season (boro season). To sustain food security in Bangladesh, plant breeders need to develop new rice varieties which are higher yielding, salinity tolerant and stable across different environments. We evaluated the yield performance and stability of 51 rice elite genotypes including two salinity tolerant rice varieties (BRRI dhan67 and BINA dhan-10) and the dominant boro rice variety (BRRI dhan28) in three locations, including a salinity “hotspot”. Best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) were used to identify superior genotypes from multi-environment trials. Selection from a large set of candidates is required for evaluation and recommending a new variety for release. Estimated breeding values (EBVs) were used to select parents. Six parents with high EBVs (BR8982-5, IR 87870-6-1-1-1-1-B; BR8943-B-1-2-7, BR8940-B-17-4-7, A69-1 and BR8943-B-5-5-14) would be useful as parents to develop new breeding populations. To evaluate yield performance and stability across environments, we used additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model using a randomized complete block design with two replications. Genotype × environmental analysis was performed using GGE biplot analysis. Based on yield performance and stability, BR8982-5, IR 87870-6-1-1-1-1-B, BR8943-B-1-2-7, BR8940-B-17-4-7, A69-1 and BR8943-B-5-5-14 were promising across the tested environments, as they showed yield advantages over check varieties. The results in this study will be useful for selecting the elite lines suitable for salinity affected areas and parents for rapid breeding of salinity tolerance.