Mycophagous Gall Midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Korea: Newly Recorded Species with Discussion on Four Years of Taxonomic Inventory

Ham, Daseul,Jaschhof, Mathias,Bae, Yeon Jae The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology 2020 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.36 No.1

Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) consists of six subfamilies, which are divided into three groups according to larval ecological habits (phytophagous, mycophagous, and zoophagous). The five basal subfamilies of Cecidomyiidae consist entirely of mycophagous species, with approximately 1500 species described worldwide and 29 previously known to occur in Korea. In this study, 37 named species (1 Lestremiinae, 29 Micromyinae, 4 Winnertziinae, and 3 Porricondylinae species) are newly reported from South Korea. We excluded Lestremia yasukunii Shinji from the list of Korean mycophagous cecidomyiids as it is a nomen nudum. Therefore, we herein officially recognize 65 species, 30 genera, and four subfamilies for the Korean mycophagous cecidomyiid fauna. We also provide diagnoses and photographs to aid species identification and discussion on the four years of gall midge taxonomic inventory in South Korea.

First findings of the mycophagous gall midges genus Neurolyga (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Korea

Daseul Ham,Mathias Jaschhof,Sung Hwan Park,Yeon Jae Bae 한국환경생물학회 2020 한국환경생물학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.07

Twenty new records of mycophagous gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from Korea

Ham, Daseul,Jaschhof, Mathias,Bae, Yeon Jae The National Institute of Biological Resources 2019 Journal of species research Vol.8 No.2

Mycophagous gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) are poorly known in Korea, with only 14 recorded species. From our sampling throughout South Korea during 2015-2017, we present evidence of the Korean distribution of another 20 species as follows-Lestremiinae: Anarete angusta Mo & Xu, 2009; Micromyinae: Anodontoceras saigusai Yukawa, 1967, Campylomyza appendiculata Jaschhof, 2015, Campylomyza furva Edwards, 1938, Peromyia gotohi Jaschhof, 2001, Peromyia pumila Jaschhof, 2001, and Tekomyia populi Möhn, 1960; Winnertziinae: Leptosyna nervosa (Winnertz), 1852, Winnertzia nigripennis (Kieffer), 1894, and Winnertzia solidaginis Felt, 1907; Porricondylinae: Bryocrypta indubitata Mamaev, 1964, Camptomyia flavocinerea Panelius, 1965, Coccopsilis obscura (Mamaev), 1964, Coccopsilis paneliusi (Yukawa), 1971, Cryptoneurus muscicola (Kieffer), 1896, Dirhiza abludentis(Mamaev), 1998, Divellepidosis separata (Yukawa), 1971, Larimyia lavalis Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2007, Parvovirga latostylata Jaschhof, 2013, and Porricondyla nigripennis(Meigen), 1830.

X-ray-induced hydrothermal process of hydroxyapatite nanostructures

Ham Daseul,Cha Su Yeon,Lee Su Yong,Kang Hyon Chol 한국물리학회 2022 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.80 No.6

Herein, we report an X-ray-induced hydrothermal process for synthesizing hydroxyapatite (HA) nanostructures at 25 °C and atmospheric pressure. Synchrotron white X-rays were used as light sources. We found that X-rays can facilitate photoinduced hydrothermal processes when irradiated in aqueous solutions containing Ca2+ and HPO4 2− precursors. At pH 7, a mixture of thin HA nanoplates and nanorods was formed, and as pH increased to 10, nanorods were mainly formed. HA nanostructures have poor crystallinity with high-density grain boundaries and domain size of approximately 55 Å because the reaction occurred at 25 °C. The elemental ratio of Ca and P atoms was estimated to be 64:36, which is close to the bulk values of 62.5% and 37.5%, respectively. We successfully demonstrated the feasibility of coating a porous HA film comprising nanorods onto Ti disks and Au/sapphire substrates using an X-ray-induced hydrothermal process.

Mycophagous Gall Midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Korea: Newly Recorded Species with Discussion on Four Years of Taxonomic Inventory

Daseul Ham,Mathias Jaschhof,배연재 한국동물분류학회 2020 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.36 No.1

Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) consists of six subfamilies, which are divided into three groups according to larval ecological habits (phytophagous, mycophagous, and zoophagous). The five basal subfamilies of Cecidomyiidae consist entirely of mycophagous species, with approximately 1500 species described worldwide and 29 previously known to occur in Korea. In this study, 37 named species (1 Lestremiinae, 29 Micromyinae, 4 Winnertziinae, and 3 Porricondylinae species) are newly reported from South Korea. We excluded Lestremia yasukunii Shinji from the list of Korean mycophagous cecidomyiids as it is a nomen nudum. Therefore, we herein officially recognize 65 species, 30 genera, and four subfamilies for the Korean mycophagous cecidomyiid fauna. We also provide diagnoses and photographs to aid species identification and discussion on the four years of gall midge taxonomic inventory in South Korea.

Characterization of Dicalcium Phosphate Anhydrous Crystals Synthesized by Using a Hydrothermal Process

Ham Daseul,Kang Hyon Chol 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.76 No.11

We report the synthesis and the characterization of dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA, CaHPO4) crystals prepared using a hydrothermal process. To prepare an aqueous solution containing Ca2+ and HPO42- ion precursors, we dissolved calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and ammonium phosphate dibasic, respectively, in deionized water at room temperature without adding a hydroxide precursor. The pH value was set to about 3.5. The structure and the morphology of the as-grown DCPA crystals were investigated using synchrotron X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Disk-shaped microcrystals with rectangular surfaces were observed. The (001) atomic planes of the triclinic monetite structure were aligned along the surface normal direction. We also found that the individual DCPA crystals were single crystals with well-aligned mosaic domains. The full width at half maximum of the ϕ-scan at off-specular (-1-12) Bragg peaks was approximately 0.061°. This indicated that the atomic positions of the DCPA crystals in the in-plane direction were highly ordered.

Association between the Alu Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism in the Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Gene and Mirtazapine Response in Koreans with Major Depression

Kim, Daseul,Chang, Hun Soo,Won, Eunsoo,Ham, Byung-Joo,Lee, Min-Soo The Korean Society of Biological Psychiatry 2016 생물정신의학 Vol.23 No.4

Objectives To determine the relationship between the Alu insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) gene and the clinical outcome of mirtazapine treatment in Korean major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Methods We enrolled 422 patients in this study. Symptoms were evaluated using the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating (HAMD-21) Scale. After 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks of mirtazapine treatment, the association between the Alu I/D polymorphism in the tPA gene and remission/response outcomes were evaluated. Results The proportion of I/I homozygotes in responders was higher than that in non-responders, whereas the proportion of D/D homozygotes in responders was lower than that in non-responders at 8 weeks of treatment (p = 0.032, OR = 1.57). The percentage decline of HAMD-21 scores in I allele carriers was larger than that of D/D homozygotes at 2 and 8 weeks of treatment (p = 0.035 and 0.007, respectively). I allele carriers were associated with remission at 8 weeks of treatment (p = 0.047, OR = 2.2). Conclusions These results show that treatment response and remission to mirtazapine were associated with the Alu I/D polymorphism of the tPA gene. This suggests the Alu I/D polymorphism may be a potential genetic marker for the prediction of therapeutic response to mirtazapine treatment in patients with MDD.

Loboplusia coreana sp. nov. from South Korea, only the second species of a genus originally described from Costa Rica (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae, Winnertziinae)

JASCHHOF, MATHIAS,HAM, DASEUL,BAE, YEON JAE Magnolia Press 2018 Zootaxa Vol.4399 No.1

<P>The genus Loboplusia was recently introduced for a remarkable species of Diallactiini from the cloud forest of Costa Rica (Jaschhof 2016). Males of that species, Loboplusia zurqui Jaschhof, 2016, were found to differ fundamentally from other Diallactiini, with the following traits defining the genus. The scutum is provided with a bright membranous patch called the prescutellar window; setae on the legs, especially the tarsi, are fringed; the gonostylus consists of two lobes (not a single lobe as is the basic pattern in Diallactiini); and the bridge connecting the gonocoxites ventrobasally is markedly shortened (Jaschhof 2016: fig. 15). A diallactiine collected recently by one of us (YJB) in South Korea shows exactly the same characters and is no doubt congeneric with L. zurqui. At the same time there are clear distinctions in the genitalia indicating that the South Korean species is discrete, so it is described and named here L. coreana Jaschhof & Ham sp. nov. With a single species each in Central America and Eastern Asia, the genus Loboplusia has a distinctly odd distribution, a circumstance that is briefly discussed. </P>

Chemistry and Design Considerations for Zinc Application Into Reactor Coolants of I-SMR

Jinsoo Choi,Daseul Ham,Cho-Rong Kim,Yong-Sang Cho,Hyuk-chul Kwon,Kyu-Min Song 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.1

Korean innovative SMR has been implemented developing with improved safety/economy and i- SMR technology development project to secure a competitive edge in SMR. For nuclear power plants, according to the revision of the Nuclear Safety Act (2013.6), it is mandatory to be reflected in the aging management program of nuclear power plants, and the aging management and regulation of major nuclear power plants are being strengthened. For i-SMR, chemistry environment and management strategy is essential to mitigate corrosion and radiation fields, since it has compacted and integrated module designs. Since 1994, zinc injection into the reactor coolant system (RCS) has been applied more than 100 PWRs in the world to mitigate primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) and to reduce outof- core radiation fields. In domestic NPPs, 7 have been applying zinc injection and had up to 90% radiation field reductions. For this reason, SMR needs to apply zinc injection for chemistry strategy. Zinc target concentration will be 5~40 ppb at i-SMR, based on Ni-Fe-Cr materials as same as PWRs. Zinc injection location is in volume and purification control system between the volume control tank and charging P/P where the pressure is moderate. Zinc injection skid can consist of two micro-controllable pump (one for operation and one for stand-by) and one injection tank (batching tank for zinc solution). Zn, Ni, Si, Fe, and activated corrosion products should be monitored to identify zinc injection controls and trends. Flux mapping for core performance monitoring should be evaluated. The application of zinc will be essential and effective and bring sustainable reliability for corrosion control and mitigation strategy to meet the risk-free i-SMR development.

Alterations in the brainstem volume of patients with major depressive disorder and their relationship with antidepressant treatment

Han, Kyu-Man,Kim, Daseul,Sim, Youngbo,Kang, June,Kim, Aram,Won, Eunsoo,Tae, Woo-Suk,Ham, Byung-Joo Elsevier 2017 Journal of affective disorders Vol.208 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Morphologic changes of the brainstem in major depressive disorder (MDD) have rarely been reported in neuroimaging studies, even though, monoaminergic neurotransmitters are synthesized in several brainstem regions. We aimed to investigate volume changes in each region of the brainstem and their association with antidepressant use or the remission status of MDD.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>A total of 126 patients with MDD and 101 healthy controls underwent T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging. We analyzed volumes of each brainstem region, including the medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, and superior cerebellar peduncle, and the volume of the whole brainstem using the FreeSurfer.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The patients with MDD had significantly greater midbrain volumes (<I>P</I>=0.013) compared to healthy controls. In particular, drug-naïve patients with MDD had significantly greater brainstem volumes compared to healthy controls (<I>P</I>=0.007), while no significant findings were observed between the antidepressant treatment group and healthy controls. The remitted patient group had reduced pons (<I>P</I>=0.002) and midbrain (<I>P</I>=0.005) volumes compared to healthy controls, while the non-remitted MDD patient group had significantly greater midbrain volumes compared to the healthy controls (<I>P</I>=0.017).</P> <P><B>Limitations</B></P> <P>We could not distinguish gray versus white matter volumes changes in our analysis.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>We observed that the midbrain is enlarged in patients with a current depressive episode, who are not undergoing antidepressant treatment. This volume then returns to normal after antidepressant treatment, and is even reduced, when the patient is in remission. Further studies are needed to confirm our observations.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We investigate the volume changes of brainstem regions in MDD using the FreeSurfer. </LI> <LI> Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, and superior cerebellar peduncle were included. </LI> <LI> Drug-naïve patients had greater brainstem volumes compared to healthy controls. </LI> <LI> Remitted patients had reduced pons and midbrain volumes compared to healthy controls. </LI> </UL> </P>