The Relative Influence of Diet and Physical Activity on Obesity in China

Cui Zhao-Hui,Li Yan-Ping,Di Yu-Feng,Ba Lei,Hu Xiaoqi,Ma Guan-Sheng The Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2004 Journal of community nutrition Vol.6 No.3

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relative influence of diet and physical activity on obesity. The subjects were 155 adults aged 35-52 years from 24 neighborhood committees in 4 urban districts of Beijing (male : 78, female : 77). They were divided into normal weight, overweight and obese groups according to their BMI. The general information of the subjects was collected by interview-administered questionnaire. Dietary intake was obtained by three-day(two weekdays and one weekend day) food weighted method, physical activity was assessed by a validated combination of data obtained from activity monitors, bicycling information and activity records. There were no significant differences of age, gender, height, educational, family economic level, smoking and drinking between different groups. The proportion of flour intake was higher in obese group compared to normal weight and overweight groups, and that of vegetables is lower in obese group. The physical activity (PAL) was not significantly different between two groups of the normal, overweight and obese groups. After the adjustment for confounding factors using logistic regression model, we found that the proportion of flour intake was positively associated with obesity, while the proportion of vegetable intake was inversely associated with obesity. It is concluded that dietary patterns were associated with obesity and diets composed of more vegetables and less staple combined with physical activities could contribute to obesity prevention.

Rhizospheric fungi of Panax notoginseng: diversity and antagonism to host phytopathogens

Cui-Ping Miao,Qi-Li Mi,Xin-Guo Qiao,You-Kun Zheng,You-Wei Chen,Li-Hua Xu,Hui-Lin Guan,Li-Xing Zhao 고려인삼학회 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.2

Background: Rhizospheric fungi play an essential role in the plantesoil ecosystem, affecting plant growth and health. In this study, we evaluated the fungal diversity in the rhizosphere soil of 2-yr-old healthy Panax notoginseng cultivated in Wenshan, China. Methods: Culture-independent Illumina MiSeq and culture-dependent techniques, combining molecular and morphological characteristics, were used to analyze the rhizospheric fungal diversity. A diffusion test was used to challenge the phytopathogens of P. notoginseng. Results: A total of 16,130 paired-end reads of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 were generated and clustered into 860 operational taxonomic units at 97% sequence similarity. All the operational taxonomic units were assigned to five phyla and 79 genera. Zygomycota (46.2%) and Ascomycota (37.8%) were the dominant taxa; Mortierella and unclassified Mortierellales accounted for a large proportion (44.9%) at genus level. The relative abundance of Fusarium and Phoma sequenceswas high, accounting for 12.9% and 5.5%, respectively. In total,113 fungal isolates were isolated from rhizosphere soil. They were assigned to five classes, eight orders (except for an Incertae sedis), 26 genera, and 43 species based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer. Fusarium was the most isolated genus with six species (24 isolates, 21.2%). The abundance of Phoma was also relatively high (8.0%). Thirteen isolates displayed antimicrobial activity against at least one test fungus. Conclusion: Our results suggest that diverse fungi including potential pathogenic ones exist in the rhizosphere soil of 2-yr-old P. notoginseng and that antagonistic isolates may be useful for biological control of pathogens.

Relative Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Middle Aged Adults with Different Weight Living in Urban Beijing, China

Cui Zhao-Hui,Li Yan-Ping,Liu Ai-Ling,Zhang Qian,Du Wei-Jing,Ma Guan-Sheng The Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2004 Journal of community nutrition Vol.6 No.3

The purpose of this study is to compare the relative risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) in middle aged adults with different body weights. 155 subjects living in urban Beijing were recruited from 24 neighborhood committees of urban Beijing. They were divided into normal weight, overweight and obese groups according to their BMIs. The general information of the subjects was collected using an interview-administered questionnaire. Standard procedure was followed to measure subject's weight, height and waist. Biochemical parameters (total cholesterol (TC), low- and high­density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C ; HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and fasting glucose) and blood pressure were also determined. The results indicated that the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C of obese group was lower than that of the normal weight group. Fasting glucose of obese males was significantly higher than that of normal weight males. No significant difference of fasting glucose was found among female groups. No significant difference of TG was found among male groups, while TG of overweight and obese females was both significantly higher than normal weight females. There was no significant difference of TC and LDL-C among normal weight, overweight and obese groups in both males and females. The MS rate of obese males was significantly higher than the normal weight and overweight males, as was the female. The relative risk of MS in obese group was about 11 times higher (OR=11.249, $95\%CI$ = 3.812 - 33.191) than the normal weight group after adjusting for age, gender, smoking, drinking, family economic level and education status. It is concluded that obesity contributed to lower HDL-C, hypertriglyceride, hypertension and MS after controlling the effects of age, gender, socioeconomic status, alcohol drinking and smoking. Obese individuals have a higher risk of having MS than their normal weight counterparts.

The Effects of Environmental Training and Environmental Commitment on Employee Environmental Behavior: The Mediating Role of Environmental Commitment

Xiaoyue Cui,Haoyu Guan 동아시아무역학회 2021 Journal of East Asian Trade(JEAT) Vol.3 No.1

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is exploring the influence mechanism of environmental training on employees environmental behavior through empirical research. Design/Methodology/Approach - According to the existing scale variable measurement, adopting the method of questionnaire survey collected online sample data of 201, and the data quality was tested by non-response bias, common method bias analysis, correlation and multi-collinearity, reliability and validity analysis. Then, the research hypothesis was tested by hierarchical regression. Findings - This paper studies environmental training has a significant positive impact on both private and public environmental protection behaviors of employees; environmental commitment has an intermediary effect on the relationship between environmental protection training and employees private and public environmental protection behaviors; the gender of employees has no significant regulatory effect on their environmental commitment and their private and public environmental behavior, and the age of employees has no significant regulatory effect on their environmental training and environmental commitment. Research Implications - In the management of this paper, through in-depth study of the impact mechanism of employees environmental behavior at the individual level, it makes contribution to the further study of the impact of green human resource management practice at the individual level.

Rhizospheric fungi of Panax notoginseng: diversity and antagonism to host phytopathogens

Miao, Cui-Ping,Mi, Qi-Li,Qiao, Xin-Guo,Zheng, You-Kun,Chen, You-Wei,Xu, Li-Hua,Guan, Hui-Lin,Zhao, Li-Xing The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.2

Background: Rhizospheric fungi play an essential role in the plantesoil ecosystem, affecting plant growth and health. In this study, we evaluated the fungal diversity in the rhizosphere soil of 2-yr-old healthy Panax notoginseng cultivated in Wenshan, China. Methods: Culture-independent Illumina MiSeq and culture-dependent techniques, combining molecular and morphological characteristics, were used to analyze the rhizospheric fungal diversity. A diffusion test was used to challenge the phytopathogens of P. notoginseng. Results: A total of 16,130 paired-end reads of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 were generated and clustered into 860 operational taxonomic units at 97% sequence similarity. All the operational taxonomic units were assigned to five phyla and 79 genera. Zygomycota (46.2%) and Ascomycota (37.8%) were the dominant taxa; Mortierella and unclassified Mortierellales accounted for a large proportion (44.9%) at genus level. The relative abundance of Fusarium and Phoma sequenceswas high, accounting for 12.9% and 5.5%, respectively. In total,113 fungal isolates were isolated from rhizosphere soil. They were assigned to five classes, eight orders (except for an Incertae sedis), 26 genera, and 43 species based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer. Fusarium was the most isolated genus with six species (24 isolates, 21.2%). The abundance of Phoma was also relatively high (8.0%). Thirteen isolates displayed antimicrobial activity against at least one test fungus. Conclusion: Our results suggest that diverse fungi including potential pathogenic ones exist in the rhizosphere soil of 2-yr-old P. notoginseng and that antagonistic isolates may be useful for biological control of pathogens.

Polydopamine Used as Hollow Capsule and Core-Shell Structures for Multiple Applications

Xinyu Cui,Yuanyuan Yin,Zuo Ma,Yongkui Yin,Yue Guan,Shengzhong Rong,Jinxia Gao,Yingying Niu,Miaojing Li 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.5

Polydopamine (PDA) capsule and core – shell structures with tailored structures and properties are of particular interests due to their multifunctions and potential applications as new colloidal structures in diverse fields. Among the available fabrication methods, PDA film onto colloidal particles followed by selective template removal has attracted extensive attention due to its advantages of precise control over the size, wall thickness and functions of the obtained capsules. The past several years has witnessed a rapid increase of research concerning the new fabrication strategies, functionalization and applications of this kind of capsules and core – shell structures, particularly in many fields such as drug delivery, catalysis, antibacterial, etc. In this review, the very recent progress of the capsule and core – shell structures based on PDA are summarized. There are basically two sections, including the fabrication process of PDA capsules, core – shell structures, and the various applications based on PDA.

한반도 식생의 녹색화에 대한 시계열적 분석

Lv, Guan Ting,ZHUYONGYAN,Liu, Wei Qi,Huang, Xiao,Li, Cheng Lei,Cui, Gui Shan 한국기후변화학회 2019 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.10 No.4

The vegetation is feedback on environmental change due to global warming. Also, the growth status of vegetation and the coverage area of vegetation are greatly affected by the environmental changes. The quantitative change of vegetation growth status is the primary task of vegetation response to environmental changes. In this study, the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and CRU climate data are used to analyze the spatio‐temporal characteristics of vegetation greening evolution and its response to climate change from 1982 to 2015 in the Korean Peninsula by applying the partial correlation and trend analysis. The results show that the average NDVI value of the Korean Peninsula in the period 1982‐2015 was 0.68, among which the average NDVI in North Korea and South Korea was 0.69 and 0.67, respectively. The NDVI of the Korean Peninsula between 1982 and 2015 increased by 0.6x10‐3 year‐1. The increasing trend prior to and after 1998 was 2.5×10‐3 year‐1 and 0.9×10‐3 year‐1, respectively. During the 1982‐2015 years, the NDVI of DPRK and South Korea have grown mainly with the trend of 0.2×10‐3 year‐1 and 1.1×10‐3 year‐1, respectively. According to the analysis of NDVI and climatic factors, the distribution of NDVI in the three‐time series of Korean Peninsula is consistent in spatial distribution. According to the results of partial correlation analysis of climate factor and NDVI distribution in Korean Peninsula, the region has significant partial correlation with temperature change. The climate factor of temperature is the main driver of NDVI change, which plays a key role in controlling NDVI change accumulation.

cAMP antagonizes ERK-dependent antiapoptotic action of insulin

( Zhi Gang Cui ),( Na Young Hong ),( Jian Guan ),( Hee Kyoung Kang ),( Dae Ho Lee ),( Young Ki Lee ),( Deok Bae Park ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2011 BMB Reports Vol.44 No.3

Insulin has antiapoptotic activity in various cell types. However, the signaling pathways underlying the antiapoptotic activity of insulin is not yet known. This study was conducted to determine if cAMP affects the antiapoptotic activity of insulin and the activity of PI3K and ERK in CHO cells expressing human insulin receptors (CHO-IR). Insulin-stimulated ERK activity was completely suppressed by cAMP-elevating agents like as pertussis toxin (Ptx) and cholera toxin (Ctx) after 4 h treatment. Insulin-stimulated PKB/Akt activity was not affected at all. Ptx treatment together with insulin increased the number of apoptotic cells and the degree of DNA fragmentation. Ctx or 8-br-cAMP treatment also increased the number of apoptotic cells and stimulated the cleavage of caspase-3 and the hydrolysis of PARP. Taken together, cAMP antagonizes the antiapoptotic activity of insulin and the main target molecule of cAMP in this process is likely ERK, not PI3K-dependent PKB/Akt. [BMB reports 2011; 44(3): 205-210]

Microstructure Formation Mechanism and Properties of a Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) Magnesium Alloy Processed by a Novel Semisolid Continuous Shearing and Rolling Process

Ren Guo Guan,Zhan Yong Zhao,Chao Lian,Tong Cui,이종수 대한금속·재료학회 2013 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.19 No.1

A novel semisolid Continuous Shearing and Rolling (CSR) process for producing a Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%)alloy strip is developed, and the microstructure formation mechanism and properties of the Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) alloy processed by this process are investigated. At a casting temperature of 690°C and a roll speed of 0.052 m·s.1, a Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) alloy strip with a cross section size of 4×160 mm was produced by the proposed process. Under strong cooling and shearing actions, eruptive nucleation, direct globular grain growth and dendrite arm breakage took place during the process, which caused formations of fine spherical grains. The grain size and roundness of the Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) alloy strip increased with increasing increments of the casting temperature. In this perspective, roll speed obviously affects grain shape. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) alloy strip reached 205.93 MPa and 7.2%.

Novel designs of polycarboxylate superplasticizers for improving resistance in clay-contaminated concrete

Xiao Liu,Jianan Guan,Guanghong Lai,Yunsheng Zheng,Ziming Wang,Suping Cui,Mingzhang Lan,Huiqun Li 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.55 No.-

Certain clays attached around the aggregates contaminate the concrete and also greatly affect the concrete workability, the mechanism of which was investigated through calculating the volume change of solid and liquid phases of concrete mixture containing clay. To minimize this detrimental effect, two novel designs based on the transfer of theory and techniques from polymer science, i.e., molecular design of polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE), were proposed. The one was “intercalator” synthesized via Hofmann rearrangement and cationization, and the other was “star-shaped polycarboxylate super- plasticizer (SPCE)” synthesized via a route of “core first and arm second”. The results of Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) confirm the designed structures. The applications of these polymers in clay-contaminated cement paste and concrete were tested. The results showed that, the dispersing capacities of “Intercalator + Comb-shaped polycarboxylate superplasticizer (CPCE)” and SPCE were less affected by adding clay in both cement paste and concrete. Adsorption and Xray diffraction (XRD) experiments revealed less harmful intercalation for SPCE and preferential occupation in the interlayer space of clay for intercalator to protect other workable PCEs. It is interesting that optimizing charge characteristic and “disassembling-assembling” molecular arrangement can contribute to excellent resistance towards clay. The aim of this study is to offer two promising alternatives, which attractively provide the theoretical basis and technological application in researching advanced materials in clay-contaminated concrete.