Silymarin and quercetin abrogates fluoride induced oxidative stress and toxic effects in rats

Swapnila Chouhan,Swapnila Chouhan,Pramod Kushwah,Ramesh K. Kaul,Swaran J.S. Flora 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2011 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.7 No.1

Flavonoids have been extensively studied and reported to possess widespread biological activities, including antioxidant and chelating properties. They have been proposed to exert beneficial effects in a multitude of diseased states generated due to oxidative stress. Therapeutic efficacy of oral administration of Silymarin and Quercetin after fluoride exposure (50 ppm in drinking water for 45 days) was investigated in rats. Animals exposed to fluoride showed a marked enhancement in reactive oxygen species (ROS), a significant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) in blood. In brain and kidney also, a significant elevation in ROS and Thiobarbituric Acid Substances (TBARS)level was noted accompanied by a significant decline in reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH: GSSG) ratio. Furthermore, significant protection was observed in altered neurotransmitters level following the administration of Silymarin and Quercetin. Interestingly, both the flavonoids were able to reduce the level of fluoride from blood and kidney suggesting that the two flavonoids have the ability to bind fluoride ion too. It can be concluded from the results that, post-treatment with these flavonoids not only significantly protects against fluoride-induced oxidative stress but reduce its burden too from blood and tissues.

Enhancement in Leghemoglobin Content of Root Nodules by Exclusion of Solar UV-A and UV-B Radiation in Soybean

( Swapnil Chouhan ),( Kanchan Chauhan ),( Sunita Kataria ),( Guruprasad KN ) 한국식물학회 2008 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.51 No.2

The impact of exclusion of solar UV-B (280-320 nm) and UV-A+B (280-400 nm) radiation on the root nodules was studied in soybean (Glycine max var. MACS 330). Soybean plants were grown in the tropical region of Indore (Latitude-22.4°N), India under field conditions in metal cages covered with polyester exclusion filters that specifically cut off UV-B (<320 nm) and UV-A+B (<400 nm) radiation; control plants were grown under ambient solar radiation. Leghemoglobin content was analyzed in the root nodules on the 50th day after emergence of seedlings. Exclusion of UV radiations significantly enhanced the leghemoglobin content in the nodules on fresh weight basis; 25% and 45% higher amount of leghemoglobin were present in the nodules after the exclusion of UV-B and UV-A+B radiation respectively. Analysis by native and SDS-PAGE showed high intense bands of leghemoglobin after the exclusion of UV-A+B as compared to control. Exclusion of UV radiation also enhanced the growth of roots as well as aerial parts of the plants. UV Exclusion increased nodulation by increase in the number and size of nodules. The results are discussed in the light of advantage of exclusion for enhancing protein/nitrogen content in the plants.

A Program Model Based Regression Test Selection Technique For D Programming Language

Nitesh Chouhan,Dr. Maitreyee Dutta,Dr. Mayank Singh 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.6

Software testing can be stated as the process of validating and verifying that a computer program, application and product [1]. Software testing can also provide an objective, independent view of the software to allow the business to appreciate and understand the risks of software implementation. Software testing, depending on the testing method employed, can be implemented at any time in the development process. Traditionally most of the test effort occurs after the requirements have been defined and the coding process has been completed. Testing can never completely identify all the defects within software. A primary purpose of testing is to detect software failures so that defects may be discovered and corrected. Testing cannot establish that a product functions properly under all conditions but can only establish that it does not function properly under specific conditions. There are many approaches to software testing. Reviews, walkthroughs, or inspections are referred to as static testing, whereas actually executing programmed code with a given set of test cases is referred to as dynamic testing. Regression testing is an important but expensive software maintenance activity performed with the aim of providing confidence in modified software. Regression test selection techniques reduce the cost of regression testing by selecting test cases for a modified program from a previously existing test suite. Regression testing is done every time when a program is modified to ensure that the modifications do not introduce new bugs into previously validated code. Regressions Testing can be done by collectively perform Regression Test Selection, Test Minimization and Test Case Priotrization Technique. An important research problem, in this context, is the selection of a relevant subset of test cases from the initial test suite. Regression test selection (RTS) techniques minimize both the regression testing time and effort. Regression test selection (RTS) techniques select a subset of valid test cases from an initial test suite (T) to test that the affected but unmodified parts of a program continue to work correctly. Use of an effective regression test selection technique can help to reduce the testing costs in environments in which a program undergoes frequent modifications. D is a new programming language. This is an object-oriented, imperative, multi-paradigm system programming language. Regression testing on D programming language still untouched by researchers. Our research attempts to bridge this gap by introducing a techniques to revalidate D programs. A framework is proposed which automates both the regression test selection and regression testing processes for D programming language. As part of this approach, special consideration is given to the analysis of the source code of D language. In our approach system dependence graph representation will be used for regression test selection for analyzing and comparing the code changes of original and modified program. First we construct a system dependence graph of the original program from the source code. When some modification is executed in a program, the constructed graph is updated to reflect the changes. Our approach in addition to capturing control and data dependencies represents the dependencies arising from object-relations. The test cases that exercise the affected model elements in the program model are selected for regression testing. Empirical studies carried out by us show that our technique selects on an average of 26.36. % more fault-revealing test cases compared to a UML based technique while incurring about 37.34% increase in regression test suite size.

Large grained and high charge carrier lifetime CH3NH3PbI3 thin-films: implications for perovskite solar cells

Arun Singh Chouhan,Naga Prathibha Jasti,Shreyash Hadke,Srinivasan Raghavan,Sushobhan Avasthi 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.10

Spin coated perovskite thin films are known to have an issue of pinholes & poor morphology control which lead to poor device-to-device repeatability, that is an impediment to scale-up. In this work, Methylamine vapor annealing process is demonstrated which consistently leads to high-quality perovskite thin-films with an average grain-size of 10e15 mm. The improvement in film morphology enables improvement in effective carrier recombination lifetime, from 21 ms in as-deposited films to 54 ms in vapor-annealed films. The annealed films with large-grains are also more stable in ambient conditions. Devices made on annealed perovskite films are very consistent, with a standard deviation of only 0.7%. Methylamine vapor annealing process is a promising method of depositing large-grain CH3NH3PbI3 films with high recombination lifetime and the devices with improved performance.

Ratio and Product Type Exponential Estimators of Population Mean in Double Sampling for Stratification

Tailor, Rajesh,Chouhan, Sunil,Kim, Jong-Min The Korean Statistical Society 2014 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.21 No.1

This paper discusses the problem of estimation of finite population mean in double sampling for stratification. In fact, ratio and product type exponential estimators of population mean are proposed in double sampling for stratification. The biases and mean squared errors of proposed estimators are obtained upto the first degree of approximation. The proposed estimators have been compared with usual unbiased estimator, ratio and product estimators in double sampling for stratification. To judge the performance of the proposed estimators an empirical study has been carried out.

COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREM FOR OCCASIONALLY WEAKLY BAISED MAPPINGS AND ITS APPLICATION TO BEST APPROXIMATION

Deshpande, Bhavana,Chouhan, Suresh The Youngnam Mathematical Society 2012 East Asian mathematical journal Vol.28 No.5

The aim of this paper is to prove a common fixed point theorem in normed linear spaces for discontinuous, occasionally weakly biased mappings without assuming completeness of the space. We give an example to illustrare our theorem. We also give an application of our theorem to best approximation theory. Our theorem improve the results of Gregus [9], Jungck [12], Pathak, Cho and Kang [22], Sharma and Deshpande [26]-[28].

Investigating the Impact of Organizational Commitment on the Financial Performance in Indian Banking Sector

NADER NAGHSHBANDI,Vineet Chouhan,Fatemeh Yousefpoor,Shaban Mohammadi 국제융합경영학회 2017 융합경영연구 Vol.5 No.4

Organizational commitment (OC) is one of the most important attitudes and/or organizational variables. It is one of the important factors for increasing organizational performance and consequently it has a significant impact on productivity enhancement. Study of behavior in the workplace due to the great importance of manpower compared to other resources within the organization is of great importance too. OC is a psychological state which represents kind of desire, a need and a requirement for continuing employment in an organization. It is considered as one of the most influential factors in getting success and competitive advantage in today's organizations. Investigating effect of financial and non-financial variables on financial performance for a long-term has engaged the minds of researchers. Intensification of competition in markets has increased importance of recognizing competitive advantage patterns and their effect on financial performance (FP).This research conducted to provide a better understanding for people as well as for aggregation of a research subject OC and FP is compared in Indian banking sector by taking sample of 2 public and two private banks the correlation between the OC and FP and the results included a positive and significant correlation. Desired FP to increase wealth is an essential and obvious issue. According to the issued subjects, today, commitments and their impact on FP of companies have become increasingly important. In Indian banks the correlation between the OC & FP were found significant.

Outcome of ACL Reconstruction for Chronic ACL Injury in Knees without the Posterior Horn of the Medial Meniscus: Comparison with ACL Reconstructed Knees with An Intact Medial Meniscus

( Kevin Syam ),( Devendra K. Chouhan ),( Mandeep Singh Dhillon ) 대한슬관절학회 2017 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.29 No.1

Purpose: Cadaveric studies have shown that deficiency of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus (PHMM) increases strain on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft. However, its influence on the clinical and radiological outcome after ACL reconstruction is less discussed and hence evaluated in this study. Materials and Methods: This study included 77 cases of ACL reconstruction with a minimum 18-month follow-up. Of the 77 cases, 41 patients with intact menisci were compared clinically and radiologically with 36 patients with an injury to the PHMM that required various grades of meniscectomy. The knees were evaluated using subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score and Orthopadische Arbeitsgruppe Knie (OAK) score. Results: Cases with intact menisci showed better stability (p=0.004) at an average of 44.51 months after surgery. No significant differences were noted in the overall OAK score, subjective IKDC score, and functional OAK score (p=0.082, p=0.526, and p=0.363, respectively). The incidence of radiological osteoarthrosis was significantly higher in the posterior horn deficient knees (p=0.022). Conclusions: The tendency toward relatively higher objective instability and increased incidence of osteoarthrosis in the group with absent posterior horn reinforces its importance as a secondary stabiliser of the knee.

COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREM FOR MULTIMAPS ON MENGER L-FUZZY METRIC SPACE

Bhavana Deshpande,Suresh Chouhan 한국수학교육학회 2013 純粹 및 應用數學 Vol.20 No.1

In this paper, we obtain a common ¯xed point theorem for multivalued mappings in a complete Menger L-fuzzy metric space. L-fuzzy metric space is a generalization of fuzzy metric spaces and intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces. We extend and generalize the results of Kubiaczyk and Sharma [24], Sharma, Kutukcu and Rathore [34].

A comprehensive review of phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of the genus Aconitum L.

Sabeena Ali,Rekha Chouhan,Phalisteen Sultan,Qazi Parvaiz Hassan,Sumit G. Gandhi 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.2

The genus Aconitum (family—Ranunculaceae) accounts for approximately 400 species worldwide, of which some are considered medicinally very relevant. Many species have been reported to possess significant pharmacological properties and high therapeutic index for curing various diseases. Traditionally, Aconitum species have been used for the treatment of different human ailments, especially, neuronal disorders, pain and inflammation, kidney related disorders, rheumatism, diabetes, hysteria and cardiac depression. These medicinal properties have been attributed to various classes of secondary metabolites found in different Aconitum species. Among them, C19 and C20-diterpenoid alkaloids are the most dynamic group of compounds, comprising of more than 450 alkaloids in various species across the genus. However, further detailed phytochemical investigations of Aconitum species could provide new therapeutic natural products of Aconitum source that could be employed in health and medicine. The present study aims to frame a well structured portfolio to provide contemporary insights of the genus Aconitum. The retrospection of all the available information on Aconitum associated with its various attributes was carried out by searching different electronic databases viz. Elsevier, PubMed, Web of Science, Scifinder, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Bio One, PLOS. The review summarizes the findings on traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of various species of the genus. The toxicology and safety of Aconitum species for human consumption as herbal drugs has also been discussed.