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Development of Organic Material Recommendation System for Organic Rice Using Linear Programming
Cho-Rong Lee,Sang-Min Lee,Hyun Young Hwang,Jae-Hoon Shin,Jung-Hun Ok,Hong-Shik Nam,Jung-Lai Cho,Kwang-Su Kim,Nan-Hee An 한국토양비료학회 2021 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.54 No.4
Fertilizer recommendation system (FRS) is a useful method for environmentally friendly agriculture. However, the conventional FRS does not deal with organic materials such as green manure and oilcake, which used for domestic organic farming. In this study, we developed an organic material recommendation system (OMRS) using linear programming. This procedure calculates the amount of organic material that maximizes the fertilizer effect under constraints such as N input range and C/N ratio. A combination of two organic materials, including green manure etc., is considered. The procedure was tested in the R statistic program using lp_solve, a library for the mixed integer linear programming solver. Application of this model increased rice yield index than standard rate of fertilizer. This program was also implemented to Korea Soil Information System. This system will be useful for farmers to make decisions that meet their specific needs, such as organic resources, crop nutrient requirements, and environmental regulatory policies.
Kim, Cho Rong,Kim, Jae Kyeom,Shin, Eui-Cheol,Choi, Soo Jung,Kwon, Yoon Kyung,Kim, Youn-Jung,Kim, Chang-Ju,Park, Gwi Gun,Park, Cheung-Seog,Shin, Dong-Hoon 한국응용생명화학회 2014 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.57 No.6
Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize extraction conditions for the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor from Rhodiola sachalinensis. Optimized values for AChE inhibition and extraction yield were 19.41 and 13.35%, respectively, and these were in good agreement with the experimental values from validation, suggesting that RSM is a useful tool.
반응표면분석을 이용한 청국장 제조시 마늘의 첨가조건 최적화
황초롱 ( Cho Rong Hwang ),심혜진 ( Hye Jin Sim ),김경민 ( Gyeong Min Kim ),조계만 ( Kye Man Cho ),김정환 ( Jeong Hwan Kim ),신정혜 ( Jung Hye Shin ) 한국식품조리과학회(구 한국조리과학회) 2013 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.29 No.6
마늘을 이용한 청국장의 제조조건을 최적화 하고자 중심합성계획에 따라 마늘의 첨가량(X1), 마늘 열처리시간(X2) 및 청국장 발효시간(X3)을 독립변수로 하고, 점질물 생성량(Y1), 산도(Y2), 아미노태 질소량(Y3), γ-GTP(Y4) 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거능(Y5)을 종속변수로 하여 반응표면분석을 실시하였다. 점질물 생성량의 정상점은 최대점으로 실제변수인 마늘의 첨가량이 6.53%, 열처리 시간 6.81분, 청국장 발효시간 55.18시간에서 13.02%의 최적 값을 보였다. 산도는 청국장의 발효시간이 길어질수록 증가하였으며, 최소값인 0.50%를 나타내는 마늘 첨가량의 실제변수는 7.75%, 열처리 시간은 3.42분, 청국장 발효는 58.60시간이었다. 아미노태 질소 함량은 80.58∼158.82 mg% 범위였는데 정상점은 안장점으로 능선분석을 통해 얻어진 아미노태 질소의 최고값은 156.97 mg%였다. 이 때 마늘 첨가량 및 열처리 시간은 각각 6.21% 및 14.85분, 청국장 발효시간은 58.04시간이었다. γ-GTP 활성은 353.66mU/mL의 최대값을 가질 때, 마늘 첨가량, 마늘 열처리 시간 및 청국장 발효시간이 각각 5.73%, 6.99분, 57.96시간 이었다. ABTS 라디칼 소거능은 마늘 첨가량과 청국장 발효시간을 낮추고 마늘의 열처리 시간을 높이는 경우 76.43%의 최고값 얻을 수 있었는데, 이에 따른 실제변수의 마늘의 첨가량과 열처리시간은 각각 3.78% 및 14.28분과 청국장 발효시간은 57.99시간이었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 마늘이 첨가된 청국장 제조를 위해 마늘은 불린 콩 무게 대비 3.78~7.75%로 첨가하되 3.42~14.85분의 범위에서 스팀가열한 후 사용하며, 55~59시간 정도 발효시키는 것이 적합하였다. This study was performed to determine the optimal composition of Cheonggukjang added with garlic. The experiment utilized a central composite design (CCD). The evaluation was carried out by means of response surface methodology (RSM), which included 18 experimental points with three independent variables : the content of the garlic (1.3∼9.7%, X1), the steaming time of garlic (0∼15.1 min, X2), and the fermentation time of Cheonggukjang (48.2∼71.8 h, X3). The viscous substance (Y1), acidity (Y2), amino-type nitrogen (Y3), γ-GTP activity (Y4) and ABTS radical scavenging activity (Y5). were assessed in four replicates with five dependent variables. The maximum content of the viscous substance was 13.02% at 6.53% (X1), 6.81 min (X2) and 55.18 h (X3). The acidity was increased when the fermentation time was longer, and the minimum acidity point was 0.50% at 7.75% (X1), 3.42 min (X2) and 58.60 h (X3), respectively. The content of the amino-type nitrogen at the experimental range studied was was 80.58∼158.82 mg%, and the stationary point was at saddle point. Using ridge analysis, the maximum point was 156.97 mg% at 6.21% (X1), 14.85 min (X2) and 58.04 h(X3). The optimum conditions of γ-GTP activity was 5.73% (X1), 6.99 min (X2) and 57.96 h(X3), respectively, at the maximum point was 353.66 mU/mL. The maximum point of ABTS radical scavenging activity was 76.43% at 3.78% (X1), 14.28 min (X2) and 57.99 h(X3) at the saddle point, when the garlic steaming time was longer.
( Cho-rong Kim ),( Sung-jin Choi ),( Won-seob Shin ) 대한물리치료학회 2013 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.25 No.6
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare muscle activation patterns of lower extremities in stroke patients during stepper climbing, stair-up, and level-ground gait conditions by surface electromyography (EMG). Methods: Subjects included 19 hemiplegic patients comprehensive rehabilitation center for inpatients with stroke. Surface EMG was used to measure the subjects` medial gastrocnemius (GCM), tibialis anterior (TA), biceps femoris (BF), and rectus femoris (RF) activity as they took six steps during stepper climbing, stair-up, and level-ground gait conditions. Results: There was no significant difference in the BF or RF muscle activity for the stepper climbing, stair-up, and level-ground gait conditions. However, there were significant differences in the medial GCM and TA muscle activity between each condition on the patients` hemiplegic side(p<0.05). There was significant difference in the medial GCM, TA, RF, and BF muscle activity between each condition on the patients` non-hemiplegic side (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result, the overall muscle activity during the level-ground gait was higher than the stair-up condition, and the muscle activity during the stair-up condition was higher than the muscle activity during the stepper climbing condition. As one of the many methods used for gait training, we suggest that the stepper exercise could be applied at an earlier stage in the gait training process.