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김병호 ( Byung Ho Kim ),감신 ( Sin Kam ),배상근 ( Sang Geun Bae ),김건엽 ( Keon-yeop Kim ),이원기 ( Won Kee Lee ),홍남수 ( Nam-soo Hong ),박형근 ( Hyeung-keun Park ),이혜진 ( Heyjean Lee ),조은정 ( Eun-jung Cho ),채성철 ( Shung C 한국보건정보통계학회(구 한국보건통계학회) 2017 보건정보통계학회지 Vol.42 No.1
Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate economic feasibility of operating Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Centers using cost-benefit analysis. Methods: The current study assessed cost and benefit data collected from nine hospitals which were designated as Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Centers between 2008 and 2010. Results: The operation of Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Centers reduced mortality rate and length of stay due to acute myocardial infarction and stroke and also decreased disability occurred after stroke. The total calculated cost of operating nine Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Centers was 19.85-22.30 billion won and the minimum benefit calculated was 23.98 billion won. Applying the maximum cost and the minimum benefit, the net benefit was 1.68 billion won, which is estimated to 190 million won per Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center. Conclusions: The present study revealed that the operation of Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Centers was economically beneficial. The benefit would be larger if intangible benefit such as the long-term effects to community hospitals and enhancement of quality of life of patients and their families are considered.
( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Jeong Min Kim ),( Hyun Ho Cho1 ),( Won Jeong Kim ),( Je Ho Mun ),( Margaret Song ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Byung Soo Kim ),( Moon Bum Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2
Background: Conventional destructive modalities for warts like cryotherapy or laser ablation have some limitations that are excruciating pain during procedure, in especially pediatric patients. Imiquimod is a topical immune response modifier that was approved for treating genital and perianal warts. But, thick stratum corneum of common warts may act as a barrier against drug permeation via the skin. Objectives: To evaluate efficacy and safety of above treatment. Methods: Eleven pediatric patients (6 female and 5 male, mean age 12.5 years) were included in this study. The lesions were treated by fractional 2940 nm Er:YAG laser for achieving the penetration of stratum corneum with 1 or 2 weeks intervals. Then, imiquimod 5% cream was self-applied once daily for 5 days a week. Assessment of response and adverse effects was performed every 2 weeks until complete clearance or up to maximum of 48 weeks. Pain during procedure was checked by VAS (0-10). Results: 8 out of 11 (72.7%) patients experienced complete clearance of all warts lesions. Mean duration of total treatment was 29.7 (16-48) weeks. Mean number of fractional laser treatment was 17.5 (8-37) times. No significant adverse effect was observed. VAS score of the pain during fractional laser treatment was 2.4 (1-4), comparing with 6.2 (5-8) during cryotherapy. Conclusion: Fractional ErYAG laser-assisted topical 5% imiquimod cream is an effective and safe treatment option for recalcitrant common warts of the children do not tolerate pain well.
Histopathologic Changes in Nasal Mucosa of Rat with Benzalkonium Chloride
Cho, Jin-Hee,Kwun, Yong-Sig,Lee, Nam-Soo,Won, Yu-Sung,Yoon, He-Ro,Suh, Byung-Do 가톨릭대학교 2000 Bulletin of The Catholic Research Institutes of Me Vol.28 No.-
Background and Objective : Benzalkonium Chloride (BZC) is one of the most often used preservatives that has strong germicidal effect. Not only is used for nasal drops, but also for eye drops and cosmetics. However, there have been many reports that lesions such as dermatitis and conjunctivitis are considered the results of irritation induced by BZC. We evaluated the histological changes after long-term administration of BZC on rat nasal respiratory mucosa. Material and Methods : We divided 40 BZC treated animais into 4 groups. First group received low-concentrated BZC solution which is commonly used for nasal sprays. Second group received high-concentrated BZC solution which is reported to induce dermatitis in human. Third and Fourth group received steroid mixed in the BZC solutions of low and high concentrations. respectively. Control group was administrated with normal saline. After 1, 2, and 4 weeks of topical administration in each group, the symptomatic and histological changes with H`E stain were observed. Result : Sneezing and nose rubbing with forelegs were observed in all subgroups on the 5th day of treatment. The BZC induced lesions, including glandular formation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and edematous changes. The symptomatic and histological changes were pronounced when the duration of BZC administration was increased. Similar results were observed in groups that received steroid mixed in the BZC solution. Conclusion : We found that even low concentration of BZC preservative can cause nasal lesions. Thus, there is a strong need to develop a preservative that can be used safely. (Korean Journal Otolaryngoly 42:336-42, 1999)
Colletotrichum spp. Agents of Anthracnose on Blueberry Leaves in Gangwon Province, Korea
Byung-Ju Cho,Hyo-Won Choi,DaeHo Kim,JongKyu Lee 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2021 Journal of Forest Science Vol.37 No.2
Blueberry, which produces phenolic compounds, is one of the most popular fruits in Korea. During a survey on blueberry diseases, 16 Colletotrichum isolates were obtained from blueberry leaves in Chuncheon and Gosung, Kangwon province, Korea. Using morphological and molecular analyses, the isolates were identified as Colletotrichum aenigma, C. fioriniae, C. fructicola, C. gloeosporioides, and C. nymphaeae. C. gloeosporioides was the most frequently isolated (11 isolates), and only one or two isolates of the other species were found. After inoculation with all isolates, those leaves and fruits with wounds easily developed anthracnose; whereas, fruits without wounds became infected but leaves without wounds were infected by only two of C. gloeosporioides. Typically, around seven fungicidal agents are used to control anthracnose on blueberries in Korea. Fluzinam and prochloraz manganese complex strongly (over than 80%) inhibited the growth of all Colletotrichum species, while dithianon and mancozeb only weakly (about 80% or less) inhibited their growth.
Won Ha-Kyeong,Song Woo-Jung,Moon Sung do,Sohn Kyoung-Hee,Kim Ju-Young,Kim Byung-Keun,Park Heung-Woo,Bachert Claus,Cho Sang Heon 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.2
Purpose: Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin-specific immunoglobulin E (SE-sIgE) sensitization tends to increase with age and is known to be associated with asthma and severity in older adults. However, the long-term impact of SE-sIgE in the elderly remains unknown. This study aimed to examine the relationships between SE-sIgE and fixed airflow obstruction (FAO) in a cohort of elderly asthmatics. Methods: A total of 223 elderly asthmatics and 89 controls were analyzed. Patients were assessed for demographics, history of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), asthma duration, acute exacerbation frequency, and lung function at baseline and then were prospectively followed up for 2 years. Serum total IgE and SE-sIgE levels were measured at baseline. Airflow obstruction was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio < 0.7 at baseline and FAO was defined as FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7 over the 2-year follow-up. Results: At baseline, the prevalence of airflow obstruction was 29.1%. Patients with airflow obstruction were significantly more likely to be male, and have a positive smoking history, comorbid CRS, and higher levels of SE-sIgE than those without airflow obstruction. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that airflow obstruction was significantly associated with current smoking and SE-sIgE sensitization at baseline. After the 2-year follow-up, baseline SE-sIgE sensitization was consistently related to FAO. Meanwhile, the number of exacerbations per year was significantly correlated with SE-sIgE levels. Conclusions: Baseline SE-sIgE sensitization was significantly associated with the number of asthma exacerbations and FAO after the 2-year follow-up in elderly asthmatics. These findings warrant further investigation of the direct and mediating roles of SE-sIgE sensitization on airway remodeling.
Won Gil Chung,Hong Joo Kim,Young Gil Choe,Hyo Sun Seok,Chang Wook Chon,Yong Kyun Cho,Byung Ik Kim,Young Yool Koh 대한간학회 2012 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.18 No.2
Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical impacts of obesity and hazardous alcohol use on the outcome of entecavir (ETV) therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: The medical records of 88 treatment-naïve patients who were diagnosed with CHB and received ETV between March 2007 and September 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. Body mass index (BMI) values and Alcohol Use Disorders Identifi cation Test (AUDIT) scores were obtained at 6 months after the initiation of ETV (0.5 mg daily) treatment. Results: A BMI of 25 kg/m2 or more was recognized as an indicator of obesity, and a total AUDIT score of 8 or more was recognized as an indicator of hazardous alcohol use. Of the cohort, 24 patients (27.3%) were obese and 17 (19.3%) were hazardous alcohol users. The rate of seroconversion, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA negativity (<300 copies/mL) at 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment did not differ significantly between the normal-BMI and high-BMI groups. Moreover, the rate of seroconversion and HBV-DNA negativity at 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment did not diff er signifi cantly between the nonhazardous and hazardous alcohol users. However, the frequency of ALT normalization at 12 months was signifi cantly lower among hazardous alcohol users (91.5% vs. 70.6%; P =0.033). Conclusions: Obesity and hazardous alcohol drinking have no significant impact on the outcome of ETV treatment. However, the ALT normalization rate at 12 months after initiation of ETV treatment was signifi cantly lower among the hazardous alcohol users. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2012;18:195-202) Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical impacts of obesity and hazardous alcohol use on the outcome of entecavir (ETV) therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: The medical records of 88 treatment-naïve patients who were diagnosed with CHB and received ETV between March 2007 and September 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. Body mass index (BMI) values and Alcohol Use Disorders Identifi cation Test (AUDIT) scores were obtained at 6 months after the initiation of ETV (0.5 mg daily) treatment. Results: A BMI of 25 kg/m2 or more was recognized as an indicator of obesity, and a total AUDIT score of 8 or more was recognized as an indicator of hazardous alcohol use. Of the cohort, 24 patients (27.3%) were obese and 17 (19.3%) were hazardous alcohol users. The rate of seroconversion, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA negativity (<300 copies/mL) at 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment did not differ significantly between the normal-BMI and high-BMI groups. Moreover, the rate of seroconversion and HBV-DNA negativity at 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment did not diff er signifi cantly between the nonhazardous and hazardous alcohol users. However, the frequency of ALT normalization at 12 months was signifi cantly lower among hazardous alcohol users (91.5% vs. 70.6%; P =0.033). Conclusions: Obesity and hazardous alcohol drinking have no significant impact on the outcome of ETV treatment. However, the ALT normalization rate at 12 months after initiation of ETV treatment was signifi cantly lower among the hazardous alcohol users. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2012;18:195-202)
Cho, Won Kyoung,Jang, Jung-Pil,Choi, Eun-Jeong,Ahn, Moonbae,Kim, Shin Hee,Cho, Kyoung Soon,Park, So Hyun,Baek, In Cheol,Jung, Min Ho,Kim, Tai-Gyu,Suh, Byung-Kyu Hindawi 2017 International Journal of endocrinology Vol.2017 No.-
<P><B>Background</B></P><P><I>Toll-like receptors</I> (<I>TLRs</I>) have been suggested to be associated with the development of AITD. </P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P> Fifteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 7 <I>TLR</I> genes were analyzed in 104 Korean children (girls = 86, boys = 18) with AITD (Hashimoto disease (HD) = 44, Graves' disease (GD) = 60, thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) = 29, and non-TAO = 31) with 183 controls. </P><P><B>Results</B></P><P> GD showed higher frequencies of the <I>TLR4 rs1927911</I> C allele than control. TAO showed a lower frequency of the <I>TLR4 rs1927911</I> CT genotype and non-TAO showed a higher frequency of the <I>TLR4 rs1927911</I> CC genotype than control. The frequency of the <I>TLR9 rs187084</I> CC genotype in TAO was higher than that in non-TAO. GD females showed a higher frequency of the <I>TLR</I>4 <I>rs10759932</I> T allele, <I>rs1927911</I> CC genotype, and the <I>rs1927911</I> C allele than controls. GD males showed a higher frequency of the <I>TLR4 rs10759932</I> CC genotype and <I>rs1927911</I> TT genotype and lower frequency of the <I>rs1927911</I> CT genotype than control. The frequency of the <I>TLR4 rs10759932</I> CC genotype, C allele and <I>rs1927911</I> TT genotype, and T allele in a GD female were lower than in a GD male. </P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P> Our results suggest that <I>TLR4</I> and <I>9</I> polymorphisms might contribute to the pathogenesis of GD and TAO.</P>