고비중 Bupivacaine과 Tetracaine에 의한 척추마취의 비교

조남수,유병식,박은주 최신의학사 1989 最新醫學 Vol.32 No.11

Ball-end milling 에서의 경사면 가공시의 공구진동 특성에 관한 연구

조병무,유진호,이동주 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Inclined surface milling in the mould and die industries is one of the most commonly needed cutting process. For the variety and complexity of cutting characteristics in various cutting condition, it is difficult to select a optimal tool path orientation. The comparative results through FFT analysis in this study provide a guideline for the selection tool path orientation.

Er:YAG laser 조사에 의한 치은연하치석 제거효과

조인구,김영준,김병국,정현주 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2002 구강과학 Vol.14 No.3

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficiency of Er:YAG laser on calculus removal and the morphologic changes and hardness of the irradiated surface at different power settings. This experiment used human teeth which were extracted due to periodontal disease and had a band of calculus. Forty root slabs (5x5mm^2) were made and divided into control group and irradiated groups. Experimental groups were as follows;Control group (root planing), Group 1 (irradiated with laser at 30mj), Group 2(irradiated with laser at 60mJ). and Group 3(irradiated with laser at 100mJ). Twelve root slabs embedded in resin block were used in each group. Er:YAG laser was applied under water irrigation with the tip held perpendicular to the root surface in contact mode. The treatment time was measured until the calculus was removed completely under naked eyes. The efficiency of calculus removal was evaluated by the time for removal. Morphological changes of laser irradiated site were observed under SEM and the surface hardness was measured using a VH tester. The results were as follows; 1. The efficiency of laser scaling was increased with increasing the energy level of irradiation. (p<0.05) 2. The morphological changes such as carbonization, crater and scale-like defects in the irradiated root surface were frequently observed with increasing the energy level. 3. The surface hardness tended to increase at 60mJ and 100mJ irradiated groups than that of control group. From the results evaluting on the efficiency, morphological change, and surface hardness, lower energy level was suggested f'or the clinical application of the Er:YAG laser in scaling.

Disengagement의 沿革과 意義

趙炳珠 東亞大學校 1964 東亞論叢 Vol.2 No.1

The Scope of this study comprises the following divisions: 1. Preface 2. Historical background of disengagement 3. The 'pro' & 'con' of the realization of this idea 4. The types and their character 5. Conclusions As a result of this study, the writer reached the following conclusions: 1. The idea of disengagement might well be called the idealistic proposal to release the tensions in the given situations. 2. But the two blocs have never reached an agreement on the proposal. This evidence proves that a simple military solution could not solve the basic problems. 3. This is because the basic conflict between the two blocs rests on ideological view points. Therefore, the ideological disengagement is the basic solution of the tensions. 4. But the writer emphasises that even if the result of military disengagement is not so sucessful, it might lead to the foundations of a higher political solution to the tensions.

부산·경남지역의 토양오염물질간의 상관도에 관한 연구

주유연,조상원,오광중,손병현 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1994 環境硏究報 Vol.12 No.-

It appeared over all regions expect common life area that the pollutants level of soil heavy metals in Pusan and kyoung-Nam Province, was higher than the standard on in agriculture area. Especially, Atmosphere and waste area appeared much high and it necessitates monitoring these areas continually. Where we analyzed pollutants level of heavy metals in paddy soils in correspondence with Pusan, Ulsan, and Yangsan region, the order of Pb and Cd concentration were Yangsan 〉 Pusan 〉 Ulsan, the order of Cu and Zn were Yangsan 〉 Ulsan 〉 Pusan, the order of Hg and As were Ulsan 〉 Yangsan 〉 Pusan respectively. It appeared the whole concentration of heavy metals expect Hg and As were the highest ones in Yangsan. So, it was thought that special management should be needed. The analysis of correlation between heavy metals in soil showed that the correlation level between Cd and Pb, Cu and Pb and Zn, Hg and As was high in agricultural area and the correlation level between Zn and Pb, Cd and Hg, Cd and Cu was high but the one between Cd and As was low in atmosphere area. And the correlation between Pb and Cd, Hg and Zn, Hg and Cu was high but the one between Hg and Cu was low in waste area and the correlation level between As and Pb, As and Zn was slightly high but the one between Cd and Cu is low in water area.

만성 화농성 중이염의 세균학적 고찰

조남순,이영훈,강기훈,최제환,송태현,이병돈,장혁순,강주원,김연준 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Background and Objectives : Chronic suppurative otitis media is one of the frequent diseases in otolaryngologic field. It is important to choose of antibiotics in the management of infectious disease. But the organisms in infections have been changed and resistance to antibiotics has been grown as the development of antibiotics has been achieved. And so it has been necessary to recognize the changes of organisms and resistance in antibiotics. Our study was performed to identify the pathogens isolated from discharges in chronic otitis media and evaluate the antibiotic agents, to recognize the change of to resistance to·antibiotic agents and to use the appropriate anitiotics. Materials and Methods : Retrospectively, authors reviewed the backeriologic study of 114 cases of chronic suppurative otitis media who visited the Department of Otolaryngology, Soonchunhyang University in Seoul from Nov. 1996 to Oct. 1999 and analyzed 101 strains and its sensitivity test to various antibiotics. Result : In 93 cases in which pathogenic organism was isolated, single infection was 85 cases(91.4%) and mixed infection was 8 cases(8.6%). The most frequent pathogenic organism was Staphylococcus aureus(59.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(13.9%), Providencia(4.8%), Alcaligenes(3.0%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae(2.9%) were the next. Methicilline-Resistance Staphylococcus aureus was 34 cases(57.6%) of Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to Vancomycin(96.7%), Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (57.6%), Cefuroxime(42.4%) and Ciprofloxacin(40.7%) but resistant to Penicillin(94.9%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sentitive Amikacin(100%), Ciprofloxacin(100%) and Gentamicin(67%). Conclusion : As MRSA recently was wide spread in community accquired infection as well as nosocomial infection, we must consider strict control of MRSA.

분산 컴퓨팅 환경과 미들웨어

조성연,장주만,전병태 高麗大學校附設 컴퓨터科學技術硏究所 1999 JOURNAL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING TECHNOLO Vol.1 No.-

미들웨어라는 개념은 클라이언트/서버 환경에서 클라이언트와 서버를 연결해 주는 역할을 하는 모든 어플리케이션들을 포함한다. 그러나 단순히 클라이언트와 서버를 연결시켜 주는 것만으로 미들웨어라고 할 수 있는 것은 아니다. 클라이언트의 서비스 요구를 서버에게 전달하고 요구 사항을 처리한 서버의 결과를 클라이언트에게 전달하는 과정의 수행을 책임진다. 그 과정에서 실제 서비스의 처리나 결과를 사용자에게 보여주는 과정은 서버와 클라이언트의 몫으로 제외된다. 미들웨어는 분산 환경에서 확장성과 개방성을 제공하는 핵심 부분이다. 미들웨어의 기본 기능인 투명성이외의 통신 기능, 스케줄링 기능, 트랜잭션의 기능 등등의 많은 서비스를 제공한다. 현재 미들웨어는 제공하는 기능의 특징에 따라서 종류가 다양하다. 본 논문에서는 미들웨어의 범위를 정의하고 현재 개발되고 있는 미들웨어들인 RPC, ORB, MOM을 분석하고 비교한다. Middleware covers all softwares that connect client and server. but middleware not only do connection. it takes responsible all through process from that client requests service to that server returns result except real processing of service. middleware is essential of distributed environment. middleware provides communication function, thread scheduling function, transaction function etc. there are different characteristic middleware according to characteristics. this article defines what is middleware and compares different middlewares with another especially PRC, ORB, MOM.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.) de Bary에 의한 들깨 菌劾病과 그 新寄主

曺鐘澤,文炳周 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1994 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.3 No.2

최근 부산근교의 하우스재배 지대에서는 채소용으로 재배되는 들깨의 줄기에는 잘룩병이 나타나고 잎에는 갈색∼흑갈색의 병반이 형성되어 습하면 연부현상이 나타나며 ???병부에는 菌核이 형성되는 신병해가 발생하여 그 피해가 막심하다. 본 병균의 形態와 病徵을 조사한 결과 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary로 同定되었는데 그 특징은 다음과 같다. 자낭내의 자낭포자는 그 크기가 동일하고 자낭포자는 2핵이며 자낭포자의 길이와 나비의 비가 2.0보다 크고 자낭반의 皮層은 prismatica조직으로 구성되어 있었다. 菌核은 그 크기가 평균 2.8mm로서 PDA평면배에서 주로 균총 가장자리에 윤상으로 형성되고, 균핵의 皮層은 암갈색 원형의 세포가 2∼6층으로 구성되고 그 내부는 oblita조직으로 구성되며 皮層외부에는 tomentum hypha가 형성되지 않았다. 人工接種에 의하여 본 병원균에 대한 新寄主 10種과 우리나라 미기록 기주 2종을 발견하였다. A new disease of perilla was recently found in the area of house culture near Pusan and it is causing a serious damage of crops in the area. Symptoms of the disease are damping-off of infected stems and also occur on leaves as showing brown to dark brown spots, which is caused a soft rot in wet conditions. Sclerotia of the pathogen is also formed on the infected stem. The pathogen was identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary due to the morphology and symptoms. The detailed characteristics of the pathogen are summarised as follows. 1. Ascospores are equally binucleate and the ratio of length and width is over 2.0. Ectal excipulum at the margin of apothecium is composed of texture prismatica. 2. The size of sclerotia is approximately 2.8mm in diamter and it is usually produced at the growing margin of colony on PDA medium. Cortex of sclerotia is composed of 2-6 layers of dark browned and cycloid cells. It is composed of hyaline texure obilata within sclerotial medulla and not formed tomentum hyphae on outside of cortex. From the artificial inoculation test, 10 plant species were determined as new host plants and 2 plant species unrecorded in Korea were found.

정신분열증환자의 혈장 Homovanillic Acid 농도와 치료반응과의 관계

조주연,기백석,박두병 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.3

In order to see whether the plasma homovanillic acid(HVA) levels can be adopted as a predictive biological marker reflecting therapeutic response of haloperidol, the authors measured HVA levels in 10 shchizophrenic patient and analyzed their relationship to therapeutic response. The measurement of plasma HVA level were carried out with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) before and after 7, 28days of treatment and the therapeutic response were assessed with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS) before and after 28days of treatment. The results of this study were as follows. 1) Plasma HVA levels after 7 days of treatment were significantly increased as compared to baseline plasma HVA levels and plasma HVA levels after 28 days of treatment were significantly decreased compared to levels after 7 days of treatment. 2) Significant correlation was found between baseline plasma HVA levels and clinical improvement after 28 days of treatment. 3) There was significant correlation between increase in plasma HVA level after 7 days and clinical improvement after 28 days of treatment. But there was no significant correlations between decrement in plasma HVA level from 7 days to 28 days and clinical improvement after 28 days of treatment. Hence theses observations have led us to propose that the early changes in plasma HVA levels are predictive of eventual treatment response.

흰쥐 안면신경핵 세포의 전기생리학적 및 형태학적 특성

최병주,조진화,배용철,김영진 大韓小兒齒科學會 2000 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

흰쥐의 안면신경핵을 구성하는 신경세포들의 시냅스 연결 양태 및 세포막 특성을 규명하기 위해 in vivo 필드전위 및 세포내 전위 측정법을 이용하여 전기생리적 반응을 관찰하였다. 말초 안면신경 분지를 역행성으로 전기자극시 자극세기에 비례하여 전위의 크기가 증가되었고 필드 전위의 양태는 두 가지 반응으로 나타났는데 전기자극 직후 1ms 부근에서 정점을 나타내는 양태와 이와 더불어 7~8ms 부근에서 후기 정점을 동반하는 양태가 있었다. 안면신경핵은 염색시 내측, 배외측, 중간측 및 외측등 4부분의 소핵으로 구분되었다. Neurobiotin으로 채워진 단일 신경세포를 형태학적으로 재구축하였는데 세포체는 추체형태를 나타내었고 주 수상돌기는 모든 방향으로 뻗어져 있었고 각 수상돌기의 영역은 해당 소핵 내에 한정되어 있었다. 일련의 과분극 전류(-1.2~+1.2nA)를 세포내에 가하였을 때 동반되는 세포내 전위변화를 입력저항 값으로 계산하였을 때 그 기울기가 직선형으로 나타났다. 탈분극 전류를 세포내 주입시 지속적인 활동성 전위가 나타났으며 전류의 크기에 비례하여 각 전위의 개수가 증가하였고 spike-빈도 적응 현상이 나타났다. 그러나 시간 의존성 내향성 정류현상은 관찰되지 않았고 anodal break excitation이 나타났다. 이상의 실험결과로 보아 안면신경핵을 구성하고 있는 세포들 사이의 시냅스는 다양한 형태로 존재할 가능성이 있다고 사료되며 이들 시냅스간의 변화를 통하여 안면 신경마비, 반쪽 안면 경련, hypoglossal-facial anastomosis등에서 나타날 수 있는 임상적 신경성 증상 기전을 설명할 수 있을 것으로 여겨진다. 주요어 : 안면신경핵, 시냅스, 신경세포막 특성, 안면신경마비, 반쪽 안면 경련 This study used in vivo intracellular and extracellular fIeld potential recording to evaluate the intrinsic membrane properties and connection pattern within facial nucleus. 1.There were four subdivisions of medial, intermediate, lateral, and dorsolateral in facial nucleus. 2.Principal cells in the facial nucleus was recorded from and filled with neurobiotin in anesthetized rats. The extent of their dendrites and the characteristics of cell body were examined. 3.Principal cells had a large amplitude action potential and afterhyperpolarization was followed a single action potential. 4.The response from facial motonucleus to electrical stimulation of the facial nerve was mainly a monophasic wave, with a latency of 1 msec, which was assumed to reflect antidromic activation of facial motoneurons. In some of rats the response in addition showed late components at a latency of about 7-8 msec, but its amplitude was small. 5.Mest of cells exhibited accommodation of spike discharge upon depolarization of membrane by 0.8 nA for 400 ms. Our results support the hypothesis that there normally are weak connections between different parts of the facial motonucleus to explain pathophysiology of hemifacial spasm and facial nerve paralysis.