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Brushless DC Motor Electromagnetic Torque Estimation with Single-Phase Current Sensing
Chin-Long Cham,Zahurin Bin Samad 대한전기학회 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.3
The purpose of this paper was to find an effective method for measuring electromagnetic torque produced by a brushless DC motor with single-phase current sensing in real-time. A torque equation is derived from the theory of brushless DC motor. This equation is then validated experimentally with a motor dynamometer. A computer algorithm is also proposed to implement the electromagnetic torque estimation equation in real-time. Electromagnetic torque is a linear function of phase current. Estimating the electromagnetic torque in real-time using single-phase current is not appropriate with existing equations, however, because of the rectangular alternating-pulse nature of the excitation current. With some mathematical manipulation to the existing equations, the equation derived in this paper overcame this limitation. The equation developed is simple and so it is computationally efficient, and it takes only motor torque constant and single-phase current to evaluate the electromagnetic torque; no other parameters such as winding resistances, inductances are needed. The equation derived is limited to the three-phase brushless DC motor. It can, however, easily be extended to the multiphase brushless DC motor with the technique described in this paper.
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A Data Hiding Scheme Based on Turtle-shell for AMBTC Compressed Images
( Chin-feng Lee ),( Chin-chen Chang ),( Guan-long Li ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.6
Data hiding technology hides secret information into the carrier, so that when the carrier is transmitted over network, it will not attract any malicious attention. Using data compression, it is possible to reduce the data size into a small compressed code, which can effectively reduce the time when transmitting compressed code on the network. In this paper, the main objective is to effectively combine these two technologies. We designed a data hiding scheme based on two techniques which are turtle-shell information hiding scheme and absolute moment block truncation coding. The experimental results showed that the proposed scheme provided higher embedding capacity and better image quality than other hiding schemes which were based on absolute moment block truncation coding.
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Brushless DC Motor Electromagnetic Torque Estimation with Single-Phase Current Sensing
Cham, Chin-Long,Samad, Zahurin Bin The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.3
The purpose of this paper was to find an effective method for measuring electromagnetic torque produced by a brushless DC motor with single-phase current sensing in real-time. A torque equation is derived from the theory of brushless DC motor. This equation is then validated experimentally with a motor dynamometer. A computer algorithm is also proposed to implement the electromagnetic torque estimation equation in real-time. Electromagnetic torque is a linear function of phase current. Estimating the electromagnetic torque in real-time using single-phase current is not appropriate with existing equations, however, because of the rectangular alternating-pulse nature of the excitation current. With some mathematical manipulation to the existing equations, the equation derived in this paper overcame this limitation. The equation developed is simple and so it is computationally efficient, and it takes only motor torque constant and single-phase current to evaluate the electromagnetic torque; no other parameters such as winding resistances, inductances are needed. The equation derived is limited to the three-phase brushless DC motor. It can, however, easily be extended to the multiphase brushless DC motor with the technique described in this paper.
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Segmental Features of Hong Kong English: A Contrastive Approach Study
Ka Long Roy Chan,Nok Chin Lydia Chan 세종대학교 언어연구소 2021 Journal of Universal Language Vol.22 No.2
The current study employs a contrastive approach to analyze five consonantal features (TH stopping/ fronting, L vocalization, [n, l]/[s, ʃ] conflation, /r/, /v/, /w/ substitution and consonant cluster modification [CCM]) of Hong Kong English (HKE) from 37 online sound clips from 29 speakers. Compared to the traditional contrastive approach, the current study uses a world Englishes paradigm to analyze the data, which aligns more with the recent movement of world Englishes. The result shows that all the five features exist in the corpus; however, TH-stopping/fronting and CCM are more common than others. The results behind the features in HKE could be hinted from the comparison with Cantonese, the L1 of Hongkongers. Moreover, the results help to develop the categorization of HKE speakers—Hong Kong English Continuum—which potentially facilitates the discussion of HKE under the world Englishes paradigm in the long run.
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( Man Chin Hua ),( Hsun Chin Chao ),( Tsung Chieh Yao ),( Ming Wei Lai ),( Jing Long Huang ),( The Patch Study Group ) 대한소화기학회 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.4
Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic variations at positions -1082, -819, and 592 in the interleukin (IL)-10 promoter affect IL-10 production in children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods: Ninety-four children with IBS and 102 children as healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Genomic DNA was extracted, and IL-10 -1082, -819, and -592 polymorphisms were detected by direct sequencing from all participants. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 46 IBS children and 38 HCs were isolated and cultured with and without 5 ng/mL Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IL-10 levels in the culture supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: There were no significant differences in the distribution of IL-10 -1082, -819, and -592 polymorphisms or in the allele and haplotype frequencies between IBS children and HCs. PBMCs from children with IBS had significantly lower IL-10 levels after LPS stimulation than PBMCs from HCs (p=0.011); however, LPS-induced IL-10 levels in PBMCs with different genotypes of -819 and 592 polymorphisms were not significantly different between IBS patients and HCs. Conclusions: Although significantly lower LPS-induced IL-10 production by PBMCs was noted, it is unlikely that IL-10 production was fully genetically determined in our IBS children. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01131442. (Gut Liver 2013; 7:430-436)
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Developing a Data Model of Product Manufacturing Flow for an IC Packaging WIP System
Lin, Long-Chin,Chen, Wen-Chin,Sun, Chin-Huang,Tsai, Chih-Hung The Korean Society for Quality Management 2005 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.6 No.3
The IC packaging industry heavily relies on shop floor information, necessitating the development of a model to flexibly define shop floor information and timely handle manufacturing data. This study presents a novel data model of product manufacturing flow to define shop floor information to effectively respond to accelerated developments in IC package industry. The proposed data model consists of four modules: operation template setup, general process setup, enhanced bill of manufacture (EBOMfr) setup, and work-order process setup. The data model can flexibly define the required shop floor information and decision rules for shop floor product manufacturing flow, allowing one to easily adopt changes of the product and on the shop floor. However, to handle floor dynamics of the IC packaging industry, this work also proposes a WIP (i.e. work-in-process) system for monitoring and controlling the product manufacturing flow on the shop floor. The WIP system integrates the data model with a WIP execution module. Furthermore, an illustrative example, the MIRL WIP System, developed by Mechanical Industrial Research Laboratories of Industrial Technology Research Institute, demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed model.
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Chin-FahWang,Jeng-I Tsai,Fong-Long Feng,Kun-Wei Huang 한국응용곤충학회 2014 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.17 No.2
Eriophyoid mites inhabit Yushan canes at elevations from 1650 to 3400 m in Taiwan. A total of 1491 eriophyoidmite specimens collected between 2001 and 2008 from18 sites in Taiwan belonging to 10 genera and 15 specieswere examined and recorded to evaluate the relationships between species composition and environmentalfactors. The environmental factors assessed consisted of climate data, cane leaf length, and vegetation type. Among the 15 species, Abacarus panatics Kefier, 1977 and Tetra yushania Huang, K.W., 2001. Eriophyoid mitesof Taiwan: description of eighty-six species from the Tengchih area. Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci. 14, 1–84 occur atall 18 survey sites. Canonical correspondence analysis was used to analyze the relationships among sites,eriophyoid mite occurrences, and environmental variables. Eriophyoid mite species composition and plantcommunity types were analyzed using non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS). Canonical correspondenceanalysis (CCA) indicated that temperature and leaf length were major factors that influenced changes ineriophyoid mite assemblages. MDS results showed that eriophyoid mite species composition is unrelated toplant community types. The distribution patterns of the 15 eriophyoid mites is hypothesized to be randomizedby forest fires initially and subsequently influenced by temperature and leaf length.
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Phytate Determination in Various Cultivars of Korean Rice
Long Shuang Huang,Dai-Eun Sok,Hyoung Chin Kim,Won Kee Yoon,Hwan Mook Kim,Mee Ree Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.11 No.1
To determine the amount of phytate in rice grains from various cultivars, two methods were employed and compared in respect of the accuracy and conveniency. Phytate in rice samples was extracted with HCl, and then the extracts were subjected to an anion-exchange column. Finally, the phytate in eluate was quantitated using two methods: one method is based on the complex formation between ferric ion and sulfosalicylic acid in the presence of phytate, and the other is the prior acid digestion of phytate sample, followed by the colorimetric determination of liberated phosphorus. Although two methods showed similar values of phytate in rice samples, the former method is simpler and more precise than the latter. Moreover, the former is more reliable for the samples with lower phytate levels. Especially, the dilution condition of rice sample before anion exchange column separation was important for the recovery of phytate in rice samples. Based on the former method, the amount of phytate in rice of various cultivars was estimated to range from 7.3 ㎎/g to 12.4 ㎎/g rice. This method would be useful for the determination of phytate in crop samples with a lower level of phytate, one of anti-nutrients in some agricultural plants.
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