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Chia, Chen Ciang,Lee, Jung-Ryul,Shin, He-Jin IOP Pub 2009 Measurement Science and Technology Vol.20 No.12
<P>The direct attachment of piezoelectric transducers onto hot targets raises formidable challenges as piezoelectric transducers lose their piezoelectric characteristics at elevated temperatures or debond due to thermal expansion coefficient mismatches. We developed a welded fibre acoustic-wave PZT (FAWPZT) sensor to alleviate these temperature limitations. One end of the FAWPZT sensor, made from a stainless steel fibre, was welded onto a stainless steel target plate and the other end was bonded to a PZT sensor. An ultrasonic wave propagation imaging (UWPI) system consists of a laser mirror scanner and a Q-switched pulsed laser (QPL) acting as a non-contact ultrasonic generator was then used to scan a hot target surface with an artificial 2 mm-sized open crack. The result was presented in the form of an ultrasonic wave propagation movie. The damage was detected as a wavefield scattering from the damaged location and its size was evaluated from the plot of amplitude distribution along the propagating wavefront. Sensor performance was briefly discussed and the results confirmed that a FAWPZT sensor combined with a UWPI system has good potential for implementation in hot target integrated structural health management.</P>
Chia, Chen Ciang,Jeong, Hyo‐,Mi,Lee, Jung‐,Ryul,Park, Gyuhae John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2012 Structural control and health monitoring Vol.19 No.7
<P><B>SUMMARY</B></P><P>Two aircraft wings made of carbon fiber‐reinforced plastic material were inspected using the laser‐based ultrasonic propagation imaging system for the visualization of manufacturing defect and damages of debonding mode. Hypotheses of the detection mechanism of composite debonding were presented and validated through the inspection results for the bonding lines of the composite wing structures. The inspection showed that the location, shape, and size of the poor bonding defect, artificial stringer tip debonding, and real skin–spar debonding can be visualized and/or measured from the imaging results. The performance of the imaging system was found better than that of a manual ultrasonic C‐scan in terms of spatial resolution and damage detectability. Another finding from the inspection was the occurrence of skin buckling between two riveted locations. Most importantly, the presence of structural elements or features such as spars, stringers, ribs, lugs, inspection windows, and even embedded PZT elements did not adversely affect the inspection. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
Chia-Lun Kuo,Pei-Chen Lee,Li-Jung Elizabeth Ku,Yu Sun,Tsung-Hsueh Lu,Muhammad Atoillah Isfandiari,Chung-Yi Li 한국역학회 2023 Epidemiology and Health Vol.45 No.-
OBJECTIVES: Information regarding the underlying causes of death (UCODs) and standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of dementia is instrumental in formulating medical strategies to prolong life in persons with dementia (PWD). We examined the leading UCODs among PWD and estimated the overall and cause-specific SMRs in relation to dementia in Taiwan. METHODS: Data were retrieved from 2 national datasets: the Taiwan Death Registry and the medical claim datasets of the National Health Insurance program. The observed person-years for each study participant were counted from the date of cohort enrollment to either the date of death or the final day of 2016. Sex-specific and age-specific SMRs were then calculated. RESULTS: The leading UCOD was circulatory disease, accounting for 26.0% of total deaths (n=3,505), followed by respiratory disease at 21.3% (n=2,875). PWD were at significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (SMR, 2.01), with SMR decreasing with advancing age. A cause-specific analysis revealed that the highest SMRs were associated with nervous system diseases (SMR, 7.58) and mental, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental disorders (SMR, 4.80). Age appeared to modify SMR, suggesting that younger age at cohort enrollment was linked to higher SMRs for nearly all causes of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Circulatory and respiratory diseases were the leading UCODs among PWD. The particularly elevated mortality due to nervous system diseases and mental disorders suggests that allocating more resources to neurological and psychiatric services is warranted. The elevated SMRs of various UCODs among younger PWD underscore the need for clinicians to pay particular attention to the medical care provided to these patients.
Development of Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Imaging System
Chia, Chen-Ciang,Lee, Jung-Ryul,Kim, Jong-Heon The Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing 2009 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.29 No.4
Laser-based ultrasonic sensing requires the probe with fixed fecal length, but this requirement is not essential in laser-based ultrasonic generation. Based on this fact, we designed a pulsed laser-based ultrasonic wave propagation imaging (UWPI) system with a tilting mirror system for rapid scanning of target, and an in-line band-pass filtering capable of ultrasoaic mode selection. 1D-temporal averaging, 2D-spatial averaging, and 3D-data structure building algorithms were developed far clearer results allowing fur higher damage detectability. The imaging results on a flat stainless steel plate were presented in movie and snapshot formats which showed the propagation of ultrasound visible as a concentric wavefield emerging from the location of an ultrasonic sensor. A hole in the plate with a diameter of 1 mm was indicated by the scattering wavefields. The results showed that this robust UWPI system is independent of focal length and reference data requirements.
Chih-Jung Yao,Jyh-Ming Chow,Shuang-En Chuang,Chia-Lun Chang,Ming-De Yan,Hsin-Lun Lee,I-Chun Lai,Pei-Chun Lin,Gi-Ming Lai 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3
Background: KG-135, a standardized formulation enriched with Rk1, Rg3, and Rg5 ginsenosides, has been shown to inhibit various types of cancer cells; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we explored its effects in A549 human lung cancer cells to investigate the induction of Forkhead Class box O3a (FOXO3a) and autophagy. Methods: Cell viability was determined by sulforhodamine B staining. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed using flow cytometry. The changes of protein levels were determined using Western blot analysis. Autophagy induction was monitored by the formation of acidic vesicular organelles stained with acridine orange. Results: KG-135 effectively arrested the cells in G1 phase with limited apoptosis. Accordingly, a decrease of cyclin-dependent kinase-4, cyclin-dependent kinase-6, cyclin D1, and phospho-retinoblastoma protein, and an increase of p27 and p18 proteins were observed. Intriguingly, KG-135 increased the tumor suppressor FOXO3a and induced the accumulation of autophagy hallmark LC3-II and acidic vesicular organelles without an increase of the upstream marker Beclin-1. Unconventionally, the autophagy adaptor protein p62 (sequestosome 1) was increased rather than decreased. Blockade of autophagy by hydroxychloroquine dramatically potentiated KG-135-induced FOXO3a and its downstream (FasL) ligand accompanied by the cleavage of caspase-8. Meanwhile, the decrease of Bcl-2 and survivin, as well as the cleavage of caspase-9, were also drastically enhanced, resulting in massive apoptosis. Conclusion: Besides arresting the cells in G1 phase, KG-135 increased FOXO3a and induced an unconventional autophagy in A549 cells. Both the KG-135-activated extrinsic FOXO3a/FasL/caspase-8 and intrinsic caspase-9 apoptotic pathways were potentiated by blockade of autophagy. Combination of KG- 135 and autophagy inhibitor may be a novel strategy as an integrative treatment for cancers.
Review of Radio Frequency Identification and Wireless Technology for Structural Health Monitoring
Dhital, Dipesh,Chia, Chen Ciang,Lee, Jung-Ryul,Park, Chan-Yik The Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing 2010 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.30 No.3
Radio frequency identification(RFID) combined with wireless technology has good potential for structural health monitoring(SHM). We describe several advantages of RFID and wireless technologies for SHM, and review SHM examples with working principles, design and technical details for damage detection, heat exposure monitoring, force/strain sensing, and corrosion detection in concrete, steel, carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP), and other materials. Various sensors combined with wireless communication are also discussed. These methodologies can be readily developed, implemented, and customized. There are some technical difficulties, but solutions are being addressed. Lastly, a surface acoustic wave-based RFID system is presented, and possible future trends of SHM based on RFID and wireless technology are presented.
Development of Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Imaging System
Chen-Ciang Chia,Jung-Ryul Lee,Jong Heon Kim 한국비파괴검사학회 2009 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.29 No.4
Laser-based ultrasonic sensing requires the probe with fixed focal length, but this requirement is not essential in laser-based ultrasonic generation. Based on this fact, we designed a pulsed laser-based ultrasonic wave propagation imaging (UWPI) system with a tilting mirror system for rapid scanning of target, and an in-line band-pass filtering capable of ultrasonic mode selection. ID-temporal averaging, 2D-spatial averaging, and 3D-data structure building algorithms were developed for clearer results allowing for higher damage detectability. The imaging results on a flat stainless steel plate were presented in movie and snapshot formats which showed the propagation of ultrasound visible as a concentric wavefield emerging from the location of an ultrasonic sensor. A hole in the plate with a diameter of 1 ㎜ was indicated by the scattering wavefields. The results showed that this robust UWPI system is independent of focal length and reference data requirements.