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Epidemiology of tomato begomoviruses in Taiwan
Chi-Wei Tsai,Wen-Shi Tsai 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.10
According to field surveys between 1998 and 2009, four tomatoinfecting begomovirus species detected in Taiwan were Ageratum yellow vein Hualien virus (AYVHuV), Tomato leaf curl Taiwan virus (ToLCTWV), Tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (TYLCTHV), and Tomato leaf curl Hsinchu virus (ToLCHsV). After TYLCTHV first detected in 2005, it quickly replaced ToLCTWV in the tomato fields in Taiwan. In 2009, 8% of the positive samples were infected with ToLCTWV, 51% with TYLCTHV and 41% with mixed infection of both viruses. We performed field surveys again in 2015, 2016, and 2018, and we discovered that all symptomatic tomato plants were infected with ToLCTWV and/or TYLCTHV. Altogether, 59% of the positive samples were infected with ToLCTWV, 33% with TYLCTHV and 8% with mixed infection of both viruses. Surprisingly, the positive samples were more infected with ToLCTWV and less infected with TYLCTHV. To confirm the “revenge” of ToLCTWV in tomato fields, we plan to carry out a more extensive field survey in the upcoming year.
( Chun-chi Lin ),( Shu-chen Wei ),( Been-ren Lin ),( Wen-sy-tsai ),( Jinn-shiun Chen ),( Tzu-chi Hsu ),( Wei-chen Lin ),( Tien-yu Huang ),( Te-hsin Chao ),( Hung-hsin Lin ),( Jau-min Wong ),( Jen-kou 대한장연구학회 2016 Intestinal Research Vol.14 No.3
Background/Aims: With the recent progress in medical treatment, surgery still plays a necessary and important role in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. In this study, we analyzed the surgical results and outcomes of UC in Taiwan in the recent 20 years, via a multi-center study through the collaboration of Taiwan Society of IBD. Methods: A retrospective analysis of surgery data of UC patients from January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2014, in 6 Taiwan major medical centers was conducted. The patients’ demographic data, indications for surgery, and outcome details were recorded and analyzed. Results: The data of 87 UC patients who received surgical treatment were recorded. The median post-operative follow-up duration was 51.1 months and ranged from 0.4 to 300 months. The mean age at UC diagnosis was 45.3±16.0 years and that at operation was 48.5±15.2 years. The 3 leading indications for surgical intervention were uncontrolled bleeding (16.1%), perforation (13.8%), and intractability (12.6%). In total, 27.6% of surgeries were performed in an emergency setting. Total or subtotal colectomy with rectal preservation (41.4%) was the most common operation. There were 6 mortalities, all due to sepsis. Emergency operation and low pre-operative albumin level were significantly associated with poor survival (P =0.013 and 0.034, respectively). Conclusions: In the past 20 years, there was no significant change in the indications for surgery in UC patients. Emergency surgeries and low pre-operative albumin level were associated with poor survival. Therefore, an optimal timing of elective surgery for people with poorly controlled UC is paramount.
Palliative Care for Adult Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Asia: Challenges and Opportunities
Wei-Min Chu,Hung-Bin Tsai,Yu-Chi Chen,Kuan-Yu Hung,Shao-Yi Cheng,Cheng-Pei Lin 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2024 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.27 No.1
This article underscores the importance of integrating comprehensive palliative care for noncancer patients who are undergoing hemodialysis, with an emphasis on the aging populations in Asian nations such as Taiwan, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and China. As the global demographic landscape shifts towards an aging society and healthcare continues to advance, a marked increase has been observed in patients undergoing hemodialysis who require palliative care. This necessitates an immediate paradigm shift to incorporate this care, addressing the intricate physical, psychosocial, and spiritual challenges faced by these individuals and their families. Numerous challenges impede the provision of effective palliative care, including difficulties in prognosis, delayed referrals, cultural misconceptions, lack of clinician confidence, and insufficient collaboration among healthcare professionals. The article proposes potential solutions, such as targeted training for clinicians, the use of telemedicine to facilitate shared decision-making, and the introduction of time-limited trials for dialysis to overcome these obstacles. The integration of palliative care into routine renal treatment and the promotion of transparent communication among healthcare professionals represent key strategies to enhance the quality of life and end-of-life care for people on hemodialysis. By embracing innovative strategies and fostering collaboration, healthcare providers can deliver more patient-centered, holistic care that meets the complex needs of seriously ill patients within an aging population undergoing hemodialysis.
Application of Data Quality Indicator of Carbon Footprint and Water Footprint
Tsai Chi Kuo,Miao-Ling Huang,Chia Wei Hsu,Chiuhsiang Joe Lin,Chih-Chun Hsieh,Chih-Hsing Chu 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.2 No.1
To mitigate the impact of global warming on the environment, many governments, non-profit organizations, and enterprises have formulated relevant standards to assist enterprises in promoting carbon management, and to encourage the design and popularization of low-carbon products. These standards include: PAS 2050, ISO/TS 14067 and so on. Under these initiatives, enterprises try to disclose the carbon and water footprints of the products based on the life cycle. Some enterprises argue and debate that there exists uncertainty of the footprints calculation since the data collection is not systematically. To solve this problem, in this research, the calculation of carbon footprint and water footprint are evaluated with the data quality indicator (DQI) management system. The collected data is evaluated based on the footprint calculation methods. Also the pedigree matrix is constructed as an aide to solve the data uncertainty that included reliability, completeness, times, geography, and technologies differences. Through the DQI, the carbon footprint and water footprint are not only calculated simultaneously, but also correctly. The results could be the reference for products’ environmental improvement.
Chi-Man Leong,Wei-Huang Tsai,Mamoru Terayama,Shiuh-Feng Shiao,Chung-Chi Lin 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1
A trap-jaw ant Anochetus lanyuensis sp. nov., belonging to the graeffei species group Brown, 1978, is described onthe basis of worker and gyne castes from Orchid Island (Lanyu), Taiwan. A. lanyuensis sp. nov. is easily distinguishablefrom the other species in the graeffei species group by the large size of its eye, longitudinal striae onthe pronotal disc, and concave dorsal margin of the petiolar node in the frontal view.
Tsai, Chi-lin,Liu, Tsung-Wei,Chen, Yi-ju Center for Asian Public Opinion ResearchCollaborat 2019 Asian journal for public opinion research Vol.7 No.1
Researchers usually examine the quality of survey data by several conventional measures of reliability and validity. However, those measures are mainly designed to examine the quality of an individual measurement, rather than the quality of a data set as a whole. There is a relative lack of methods for evaluation of the overall data quality. This paper attempts to fill this gap. We propose using interviewers' assessments as one of criteria for evaluating the overall data quality. Interviewers are the ones who literally conduct and thus directly observe interviews. Taiwan's Election and Democratization Studies (TEDS) have required interviewers to assess how trustworthy the responses of each of their interviewees are, and to provide several descriptions about the process and environment of the interviews. We use this information to evaluate the data quality of TEDS surveys and compare it with the results from the conventional test-retest method. The findings are that the interviewer assessment is a fair indicator of the overall reliability of attitudinal questions but not a good indicator when factual questions are examined. Regarding the evaluation of data validity, more data is required to see whether or not interviewers' assessment is informative in terms of data quality.
Chi-lin Tsai,Tsung-Wei Liu,Yi-ju Chen 충남대학교 아시아여론연구소 2019 Asian journal for public opinion research Vol.7 No.1
Researchers usually examine the quality of survey data by several conventional measures of reliability and validity. However, those measures are mainly designed to examine the quality of an individual measurement, rather than the quality of a data set as a whole. There is a relative lack of methods for evaluation of the overall data quality. This paper attempts to fill this gap. We propose using interviewers’ assessments as one of criteria for evaluating the overall data quality. Interviewers are the ones who literally conduct and thus directly observe interviews. Taiwan’s Election and Democratization Studies (TEDS) have required interviewers to assess how trustworthy the responses of each of their interviewees are, and to provide several descriptions about the process and environment of the interviews. We use this information to evaluate the data quality of TEDS surveys and compare it with the results from the conventional test-retest method. The findings are that the interviewer assessment is a fair indicator of the overall reliability of attitudinal questions but not a good indicator when factual questions are examined. Regarding the evaluation of data validity, more data is required to see whether or not interviewers’ assessment is informative in terms of data quality.
Surface Plasmon Resonance in Metallic Nanocylinder Array
Tai Chi Chu,Wei-Chih Liu,Din Ping Tsai 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.47 No.1
Localized surface plasmon resonances of noble-metal nanoparticles lead to high enhancements of local electromagnetic fields near the nanoparticle surface and play a key role in surface-enhanced Raman scattering, surface-enhanced fluorescence, near-field microscopy, and plasmonic devices. Recently, research results have shown that electromagnetic energy can transfer along a metallic nanoparticle chain because of coupled plasmon modes. In this paper, finite-difference time-domain method was used to study the surface plasmon resonances in coupled silver nanocylinder (nanoparticle) arrays and slab-like periodic modulation structures. From the far-field transmittance and reflectance, three different resonance modes were excited for the periodic nanocylinder arrays and only one resonance was excited for the periodic modulation structure. The near-field intensity distributions exhibited highly enhanced fields at the center of the gaps for nanoparticle arrays and at the caves of the periodic modulation structure.