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Small activating RNA induced expression of VHL gene in renal cell carcinoma
Kang, Moo Rim,Park, Ki Hwan,Lee, Chang Woo,Lee, Myeong Youl,Han, Sang-Bae,Li, Long-Cheng,Kang, Jong Soon Elsevier 2018 The international journal of biochemistry & cell b Vol.97 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recent studies have reported that chemically synthesized double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), also known as small activating RNA (saRNAs), can specifically induce gene expression by targeting promoter sequences by a mechanism termed RNA activation (RNAa). In the present study, we designed 4 candidate saRNAs targeting the Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene promoter. Among these saRNAs, dsVHL-821 significantly inhibited cell growth by up-regulating VHL at both the mRNA and protein levels in renal cell carcinoma 769-P cells. Functional analysis showed that dsVHL-821 induced apoptosis by increasing p53, decreasing Bcl-xL, activating caspase 3/7 and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase in a dose-dependent manner. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that dsVHL-821 increased the enrichment of Ago2 and RNA polymerase II at the dsVHL-821 target site. In addition, Ago2 depletion significantly suppressed dsVHL-821-induced up-regulation of VHL gene expression and related effects. Single transfection of dsVHL-821 caused long-lasting (14 days) VHL up-regulation. Furthermore, the activation of VHL by dsVHL-821 was accompanied by an increase in dimethylation of histone 3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me2) and acetylation of histone 4 (H4ac) and a decrease in dimethylation of histone 3 at lysine 9 (H3K9me2) and lysine 27 (H3K27me2) in the dsVHL-821 target region. Taken together, these results demonstrate that dsVHL-821, a novel saRNA for VHL, induces the expression of the VHL gene by epigenetic changes, leading to inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis, and suggest that targeted activation of VHL by dsVHL-821 may be explored as a novel treatment of renal cell carcinoma.</P>
Oil Removal Using Diethyl Ether Extracted and Ground Kenaf Core
Lee, Beom Goo,Lee, Hyun Jong,Shin, Dae Yong,Jeong, Yeon Ho,Jin, Cheng Wu,Cho, Dong Ha,Lee, Kang Yol,Kim, Dong Eun,Kang, Wie Soo,Goh, Young Gyun,Hwang, Byung Ho Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2008 Materials science forum Vol.569 No.-
<P>Kenaf core was tested for its ability to sorb diesel oil from the pure diesel oil bath and the diesel oil containing water bath after extracting with diethyl ether to remove wax from fiber surface, grinding to disrupt lumen structure and presoaking in water. Oil sorption capacity was the highest as 8.0 g/g in diethyl ether extracted fiber in oil bath, and the lowest as 1.3 g/g in water soaked kenaf core in water bath. Diesel oil sorption capacity was much higher in oil bath than in water bath. In diethyl ether extraction the diesel oil sorption capacity was not changed much in kenaf core, compared to that of control. Also, even after grinding and passing through 20 mesh screen (0.86mm) the diesel oil sorption capacity was almost same. When kenaf core was presoaked in water the oil sorption capacity was decreased to about half of control as 1.3g/g in water bath. Grinding, extracting and water presoaking all contributed to the changes in oil sorption capacity. The results show that if in lignocelluloscic fiber like kenaf core the fiber structure is not disrupted during processing and the intact lumen structure can be kept, the oil sorption capacity may not be affected much by physical and chemical changes.</P>
( Yong Cheng Jin ),( Jeng A Han ),( Cheng Xiong Xu ),( Sang Kee Kang ),( Sang Hun Kim ),( Kang Suk Seo ),( Du Hak Yoon ),( Yun Jaie Choi ),( Hong Gu Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2012 BMB Reports Vol.45 No.2
The aim of this study was to investigate protein profiles related to the induction of adipogenesis within the bovine longissimus dorsi muscle (BLDM) by proteomic analysis. We analyzed BLDM proteins at different growth stages to clarify the physiological mechanisms of marbled muscle development in 20 head of Korean native cattle (11 month: 10 head, 17 month: 10 head). BLDM proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and image analysis. Villin 2 was specifically identified by mass spectrometry and a protein search engine. Villin 2 protein expression in BLDM decreased during the fat development stage in test steers. In a Western blot cell culture study of spontaneously immortal bovine muscle fibroblasts, the abundance of Villin 2 was shown to be down-regulated during differentiation into muscle. In 3T3-L1 mouse embryonic fibroblasts, Villin 2 was decreased during differentiation into adipocytes. The results suggest that Villin 2 may be related to the induction of transdifferentiation and adipogenesis in bovine longissimus dorsi muscle. [BMB reports 2012; 45(2): 102-107].
Chung-Lin Lee,Ying-Hsu Chang,Chung-Yi Liu,Ming-Li Hsieh,Liang-Kang Huang,Yuan-Cheng Chu,Hung-Cheng Kan,Po-Hung Lin,Kai-Jie Yu,Cheng-Keng Chuang,Chun-Te Wu,See-Tong Pang,I-Hung Shao 대한비뇨의학회 2022 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.63 No.5
Purpose: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) has a poor prognosis. Abiraterone acetate (AA), enzalutamide, and chemotherapy are first-line treatments for patients with mCRPC. This study examined prognostic factors for AA response in the form of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics throughout androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) in chemonaïve patients with mCRPC. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively included data from 34 chemonaïve patients with mCRPC who had received AA at some point between January 2017 and December 2018. We separated patients into two study arms according to the decrease in PSA percentages after use of AA for 3 months. We correlated PSA kinetics parameters with response and compared the two study groups with respect to PSA kinetics. Results: The patients’ median age was 77 years. In the total group of patients, 64% had a response to AA, whereas 35% did not. The ratio of the PSA level at nadir to the level during ADT was significantly higher in the AA-sensitive group (19.78 vs. 1.03, p=0.019). Conclusions: Patients who experienced a dramatic change in PSA level during ADT were more likely to be resistant to AA after progression to mCRPC. Chemotherapy rather than AA might be more suitable as a first-line treatment for these patients.
Shin, Kyung Min,Hong, Mi Jeong,Lee, Shin Yup,Jin, Cheng Cheng,Baek, Sun Ah,Lee, Jang Hyuck,Choi, Jin Eun,Kang, Hyo-Gyoung,Lee, Won Kee,Seok, Yangki,Lee, Eung Bae,Jeong, Ji Yun,Yoo, Seung Soo,Lee, Jaeh Elsevier BV 2018 Gene Vol.646 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>We conducted this study to identify genetic variants in cancer-related pathway genes which can predict prognosis of NSCLC patients after surgery, using a comprehensive list of regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) prioritized by RegulomeDB.</P> <P><B>Method</B></P> <P>A total of 509 potentially functional SNPs in cancer-related pathway genes selected from RegulomeDB were evaluated. These SNPs were analyzed in a discovery set (n=354), and a replication study was performed in an independent set (n=772). The association of the SNPs with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>In the discovery set, 76 SNPs were significantly associated with OS or DFS. Among the 76 SNPs, the association was consistently observed for 5 SNPs (<I>ERCC1</I> rs2298881C>A, <I>BRCA2</I> rs3092989G>A, <I>NELFE</I> rs440454C>T, <I>PPP2R4</I> rs2541164G>A, and <I>LTBP4</I> rs3786527G>A) in the validation set. In combined analysis, <I>ERCC1</I> rs2298881C>A, <I>BRCA2</I> rs3092989, <I>NELFE</I> rs440454C>T, and <I>PPP2R4</I> rs2541164G>A were significantly associated with OS and DFS (adjusted HR ·aHR· for OS=1.46, 0.62, 078, and 0.76, respectively; <I>P</I> =0.003, 0.002, 0.007, and 0.003 respectively; and aHR for DFS=1.27, 0.69, 0.86, and 0.82, respectively; <I>P</I> =0.02, 0.002, 0.03, and 0.008, respectively). The <I>LTBP4</I> rs3786527G>A was significantly associated with better OS (aHR=0.75; <I>P</I> =0.003).</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Our results suggest that five SNPs in the cancer-related pathway genes may be useful for the prediction of the prognosis in patients with surgically resected NSCLC.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Five among 509 SNPs from RegulomeDB were validated in two independent cohorts. </LI> <LI> Five SNPs in the cancer-related pathway genes were independent prognostic factors. </LI> <LI> RegulomeDB is a practical tool for selecting functional SNPs in regulatory regions. </LI> </UL> </P>
Kang, Hyunbum,Uddin, Mohammad Afsar,Lee, Changyeon,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Nguyen, Thanh Luan,Lee, Wonho,Li, Yuxiang,Wang, Cheng,Woo, Han Young,Kim, Bumjoon J. American Chemical Society 2015 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.137 No.6
<P>The molecular weight of a conjugated polymer is one of the key factors determining the electrical, morphological, and mechanical properties as well as its solubility in organic solvents and miscibility with other polymers. In this study, a series of semicrystalline poly[(2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyloxy)phenylene)-<I>alt</I>-(5,6-difluoro-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[<I>c</I>][1,2,5]thiadiazole)] (PPDT2FBT) polymers with different number-average molecular weights (<I>M</I><SUB>n</SUB>’s) (<B>PPDT2FBT</B><SUB><B>L</B></SUB>, <I>M</I><SUB>n</SUB> = 12 kg/mol; <B>PPDT2FBT</B><SUB><B>M</B></SUB>, <I>M</I><SUB>n</SUB>= 24 kg/mol; <B>PPDT2FBT</B><SUB><B>H</B></SUB>, <I>M</I><SUB>n</SUB>= 40 kg/mol) were synthesized, and their photovoltaic properties as electron donors for all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) with poly[[<I>N,N</I>′-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-napthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-<I>alt</I>-5,5′-(2,2′-bithiophene)] (P(NDI2OD-T2)) acceptor were studied. The <I>M</I><SUB><I>n</I></SUB> effect of PPDT2FBT on the structural, morphological, electrical, and photovoltaic properties was systematically investigated. In particular, tuning the <I>M</I><SUB>n</SUB> induced dramatic effects on the aggregation behaviors of the polymers and their bulk heterojunction morphology of all-PSCs, which was thoroughly examined by grazing incident X-ray scattering, resonant soft X-ray scattering, and other microscopy measurements. High <I>M</I><SUB>n</SUB> <B>PPDT2FBT</B><SUB><B>H</B></SUB> promoted a strong “face-on” geometry in the blend film, suppressed the formation of an excessively large crystalline domain, and facilitated molecularly intermixed phases with P(NDI2OD-T2). Therefore, the optimized all-PSCs based on <B>PPDT2FBT</B><SUB><B>H</B></SUB><B>/</B>P(NDI2OD-T2) showed substantially higher hole and electron mobilities than those of <B>PPDT2FBT</B><SUB><B>L</B></SUB><B>/</B>P(NDI2OD-T2), leading to a power conversion efficiency exceeding 5%, which is one of the highest values for all-PSCs reported thus far.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2015/jacsat.2015.137.issue-6/ja5123182/production/images/medium/ja-2014-123182_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja5123182'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Lee, Seung Mi,Kang, Xiang-Dong,Wang, Ping,Cheng, Hui-Ming,Lee, Young Hee WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 CHEMPHYSCHEM -WEINHEIM- Vol.10 No.11
<P>Herein, we systematically investigate the structural, electronic, and vibrational properties of ammonia borane (NH<SUB>3</SUB>BH<SUB>3</SUB>, AB) and lithium amidoborane (LiNH<SUB>2</SUB>BH<SUB>3,</SUB> LAB) through both density functional calculations and experiments. AB and LAB samples are generated and their vibrational spectra are obtained by using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The measured vibrational spectra are in good agreement with the calculated ones. Our calculations show that the Li-related vibration modes are primarily found in the low-frequency region (<1000 cm<SUP>−1</SUP>), and that the intermolecular interactions significantly influence the vibrational spectra. Electronic structure calculations provide insights into the differences between the binding natures of AB and LAB and their influence on the vibrational properties of these compounds.</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Hydrogen storage: The structural, electronic, and vibrational properties of ammonia borane (NH<SUB>3</SUB>BH<SUB>3</SUB>, AB) and lithium amidoborane (LiNH<SUB>2</SUB>BH<SUB>3</SUB>, LAB) are studied by means of density functional calculations and experiments (see spectra). <img src='wiley_img/14394235-2009-10-11-CPHC200900283-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14394235-2009-10-11-CPHC200900283-content'> </P>
( Cheng Bi Cui ),( Seung Kyoung Jeong ),( Yeon Sil Lee ),( Soon Ok Lee ),( Il Jun Kang ),( Soon Sung Lim ) 한국응용생명화학회 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.6
Caffeoylquinic acids -3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1); 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2); and 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylqunic acid (3)- were isolated from an acetone-soluble fraction of the aerial parts of Artemisia princeps. Their structures were determined spectroscopically using 1D- and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies, as well as by comparing the NMR results with previously published structures. All the isolates were subjected to in vitro bioassays to evaluate their efficacy in inhibiting rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) activity and the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). We found 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2) to be the most potent AGE inhibitor, and the concentration that resulted in 50% inhibition (IC50) was 22.18±1.46 mM, as compared to the aminoguanidine and chlorogenic acid controls, which had IC50 values of 1,093.11±10.95 and 117.63±0.20 mM, respectively. In the RLAR assay, the three caffeoylquinic acids were found to have IC50 values in the range of 1.78-2.40 μM, demonstrating a 5- to 10-fold greater efficacy in RLAR inhibition as compared to the quercetin control, which had an IC50 value of 17.91 μM.
Conjugated Polyelectrolytes as Efficient Hole Transport Layers in Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes
Lee, Bo Ram,Yu, Jae Choul,Park, Jong Hyun,Lee, Seungjin,Mai, Cheng-Kang,Zhao, Baodan,Wong, Matthew S.,Jung, Eui Dae,Nam, Yun Seok,Park, Song Yi,Di Nuzzo, Daniele,Kim, Jin Young,Stranks, Samuel D.,Baza American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.6
<P>Perovskite-based optoelectronic devices have been rapidly developing in the past 5 years. Since the first report, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) has increased rapidly through the control of morphology and structure from 0.1% to more than 11%. Here, we report the use of various conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) as the hole injection layer in PeLEDs. In particular, we find that poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-potassium butanylsulfonate)-4<I>H</I>-cyclopenta-[2,1-<I>b</I>;3,4-<I>b</I>′]-dithiophene)] (PCPDT-K) transfers holes effectively, blocks electron transport from the perovskite to the underlying ITO layer, and reduces luminescence quenching at the perovskite/PCPDT-K interface. Our optimized PeLEDs with PCPDT-K show enhanced EQE by a factor of approximately 4 compared to control PeLEDs with PEDOT:PSS, reaching EQE values of 5.66%, and exhibit improved device stability.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>