중국 연변지역 布爾哈通河의 수질특성 및 개선방안

임봉수,임상호,윤성일 대전대학교 환경문제연구소 2001 환경문제연구소 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

This study was carried out to suggest the measures and to understand the characteristics of water quality in Buerhatong river within yanbian area, China. Suspended solids appeared high in rainfall season, but BOD and COD appeared lower than suspended solids. The yearly average water quality of all location in this river was less than BOD 2mg/L, less than COD 5mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen was over than 1mg/L in 1997, and was suitable to the class Ⅲ of environmental standard for the surface water. Because of domestic sewage and nightsoil exhausted at Yanji city without treatment system inflowed in this river Synthetical pollution index was calculated for the assessment of water quality, had a tendency to increase near to the downstream. The highest pollution allocation rate is 44% as suspended solids. To reform the deteroriorated river, the sewage wastewater treatment plants will be constructed at Myoungwoal Jin and Yanji city by 2010, respectively. Then COD discharge loading produced in this watershed will be decreased by about 43% of total loading.

Effect of the Transformed Lactobacillus with Phytase Gene on Pig Production Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Gut Microbes and Serum Biochemical Indexes

Yin, Q.Q.,Chang, J.,Zuo, R.Y.,Chen, L.Y.,Chen, Q.X.,Wei, X.Y.,Guan, Q.F.,Sun, J.W.,Zheng, Q.H.,Yang, X.,Ren, G.Z. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.2

In order to improve the availability of phytase and probiotics together, a phytase gene from Aspergillus ficuum has been expressed in Lactobacillus. In this study, the transformed Lactobacillus with phytase gene was fed to pigs to determine its effect on pig production, feed conversion and gut microbes. Forty eight, 60-day-old, castrated pigs (Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Pietrain) were assigned to 6 groups, 8 pigs for each group. Group 1 was the control, group 2 was added with chlortetracycline (500 mg/kg), group 3 was added with the transformed Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 20% (w/w) of calcium monohydrogen phosphate (CMP, $CaHPO_{4}$) removed, group 4 was added with the natural Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 20% (w/w) of CMP removed, group 5 was added with the transformed Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 40% (w/w) of CMP removed, group 6 was added with phytase (500 mg/kg) with 40% (w/w) of CMP removed. The results showed: i) the average daily gain (ADG) was improved in groups 2, 3 and 4 (p<0.05); ii) the diarrhea rates in the groups added with Lactobacillus were lower than in the other groups (p<0.05), in which the transformed Lactobacillus had more effect on reducing digestive disease; iii) the transformed Lactobacillus was most effective in improving the digestibilities of crude protein (CP), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), compared with the other groups (p<0.05); iv) Lactobacillus could increase lactic acid bacterium number and ammonia concentrations, and decrease pH values and E. coli number in pig feces (p<0.05); v) the phytase activity in the feces of pigs fed with the transformed Lactobacillus was 133.32 U/g, which was higher than in group 4 (9.58 U/g, p<0.05), and was almost the same as group 6 (135.94 U/g); vi) the transformed Lactobacillus could increase serum concentrations of IgA, triglyceride, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity (p<0.05), and had no significant effect on other serum indexes (p>0.05).

DECOMPOSITION THEOREMS OF LIE OPERATOR ALGEBRAS

Chen, Yin,Chen, Liangyun Korean Mathematical Society 2011 대한수학회보 Vol.48 No.6

In this paper, we introduce a notion of Lie operator algebras which as a generalization of ordinary Lie algebras is an analogy of operator groups. We discuss some elementary properties of Lie operator algebras. Moreover, we also prove a decomposition theorem for Lie operator algebras.

China`s Pension Reform Process and the Future Options

( Chen Yin Hua ) 한국행정학회 2009 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

taken as soon as possible. China`s pension reform, Notional Refined-benefit, Individual Account, contribution rate, replacement rate, reform options, With the rapid demographic dynamic and economic development China have to face the old age problems. After several reform since 1986, especially the milestone reform in 1997, until now, China still apparently need reform in pension system. This paper analyzed the main problems about China`s current pension system and showed out the trade-off of different possible options. As regard to the finial selection, political and other factors will affect meantime. As the conclusion, the continuous pension reform in China should be

Decomposition theorems of Lie operator algebras

Yin Chen,Liangyun Chen 대한수학회 2011 대한수학회보 Vol.48 No.6

In this paper, we introduce a notion of Lie operator algebras which as a generalization of ordinary Lie algebras is an analogy of operator groups. We discuss some elementary properties of Lie operator algebras. Moreover, we also prove a decomposition theorem for Lie operator algebras.

Overexpression and Characterization of appA Phytase Expressed by Recombinant Baculovirus-Infected Silkworm

( Yin Chen ),( Zhong Ze Zhu ),( Xu Ai Lin ),( Yong Zhu Yi ),( Zhi Fang Zhang ),( Gui Fang Shen ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2005 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.15 No.3

Effect of B-complex vitamins on the antifatigue activity and bioavailability of ginsenoside Re after oral administration

Yin Bin Chen,Yu Fang Wang,Wei Hou,Ying-Ping Wang,Sheng-Yuan Xiao,Yang Yang Fu,Jia Wang,Si Wen Zheng,Pei-He Zheng 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.2

Background: Both ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins are widely used as nutritional supplements. They are often taken together so as to fully utilize their antifatigue and refreshing effects, respectively. Whether actually a drugenutrient interaction exists between ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins is still unknown. The objective of this study was to simultaneously investigate the effect of B-complex vitamins on the antifatigue activity and bioavailability of ginsenoside Re after their oral administration. The study results will provide valuable theoretical guidance for the combined utilization of ginseng and B-complex vitamins. Methods: Ginsenoside Re with or without B-complex vitamins was orally administered to mice to evaluate its antifatigue effects and to rats to evaluate its bioavailability. The antifatigue activity was evaluated by the weight-loaded swimming test and biochemical parameters, including hepatic glycogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and blood lactic acid. The concentration of ginsenoside Re in plasma was determined by liquid chromatographyetandem mass spectrometry. Results: No antifatigue effect of ginsenoside Re was noted when ginsenoside Re in combination with Bcomplex vitamins was orally administered to mice. B-complex vitamins caused to a reduction in the bioavailability of ginsenoside Re with the area under the concentrationetime curve from zero to infinity markedly decreasing from 11,830.85 2,366.47 h$ng/mL to 890.55 372.94 h$ng/mL. Conclusion: The results suggested that there were pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drugenutrient interactions between ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins. B-complex vitamins can significantly weaken the antifatigue effect and decrease the bioavailability of ginsenoside Re when simultaneously administered orally.

Gendered symbols and habitus in collective action: Street protests in Taiwan, 1997–2006

Yin-Zu Chen 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2020 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.26 No.1

Studies on women in social movements have shown that women and men use different tactical preferences in protests. However, these are not limited to choice regarding preferential gendered symbols and artifacts; they can also be spontaneous corporeal and emotional expressions depending on contingencies of interaction during protests. To analyze the gender impact and differences in protest tactics, this study focuses on the symbols and artifacts used in protests and the gendered habitus that includes embodied behavior and emotions of protesters in varied situations. This paper examines street protests in Taiwan using audiovisual data collected from television news broadcasting between 1997 and 2006, to compare protest actions undertaken by men with those where women participants comprised the majority. This showed that gendered symbols and artifacts presented in street actions were less confrontational if they were planned beforehand. However, the embodied gender culture as habitus becomes more relevant during disruptive and high-conflict protest events. This study reveals that kneeling as a female posture was effective for avoiding conflict and gaining negotiation opportunities with authorities.

Density-Based Heterogeneous Data Stream Clustering Algorithm with Mixed Distance Measure Methods

Chen Jin-yin,He Hui-hao 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.8 No.3

Heterogeneous data stream clustering is an important issue in data stream mining, for the accuracy of the existing heterogeneous clustering algorithm is not high, and don’t have a common distance measure method, a heterogeneous data stream clustering algorithm based on the density with mixed distance measure method is proposed. HDSDen algorithm adopts an online/offline two-stage processing framework. According to the situation of dominant property, the online stage use corresponding distance measure method to define the core points among the arriving points, the purpose of the different distance calculation method is to reduce the influence of the non-dominant property on the whole clustering accuracy. All the density-reachable points form a cluster in the offline stage, and put all the not-clustered points into the reservoir, and the number of the reservoir exceeds the threshold value, we will re-cluster the points to improve the accuracy of clustering. Experiments on real data sets show that the algorithm can achieve better clustering results, and give the clustering results at any time, which can deal with the heterogeneous data stream efficiently.

Chemical and bioactive comparison of Panax notoginseng root and rhizome in raw and steamed forms

Yin Xiong,Lijuan Chen,Jinhui Man,Yupiao Hu,Xiuming Cui 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.3

Background: The root and rhizome are historically and officially utilized medicinal parts of Panaxnotoginseng (PN) (Burk.) F. H. Chen, which in raw and steamed forms are used differently in practice. Methods: To investigate the differences in chemical composition and bioactivities of PN root and rhizomebetween raw and steamed forms, high-performance liquid chromatography analyses and pharmacologiceffects evaluated by tests of anticoagulation, antioxidation, hemostasis, antiinflammation, and hematopoiesiswere combined. Results: With the duration of steaming time, the contents of ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rd, and notoginsenosideR1 in PN were decreased, while those of ginsenosides Rh1, 20(S)-Rg3, 20(R)-Rg3, Rh4, and Rk3were increased gradually. Raw PN samples steamed for 6 h at 120 C with stable levels of most constituentswere used for the subsequent study of bioeffects. Raw PN showed better hemostasis, anticoagulation,and antiinflammation effects, while steamed PN exhibited stronger antioxidation andhematopoiesis activities. For different parts of PN, contents of saponins in PN rhizome were generallyhigher than those in the root, which could be related to the stronger bioactivities of rhizome comparedwith the same form of PN root. Conclusion: This study provides basic information about the chemical and bioactive comparison of PNroot and rhizome in both raw and steamed forms, indicating that the change of saponins may have a keyrole in different properties of raw and steamed PN.