Protective Effect Against Hydroxyl Radical-induced DNA Damage and Antioxidant Mechanism of [6]-gingerol: A Chemical Study

Lin, Jing,Li, Xican,Chen, Li,Lu, Weizhao,Chen, Xianwen,Han, Lu,Chen, Dongfeng Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.6

[6]-Gingerol is known as the major bioactive constituent of ginger. In the study, it was observed to effectively protect against ${\bullet}OH$-induced DNA damage ($IC_{50}$ $328.60{\pm}24.41{\mu}M$). Antioxidant assays indicated that [6]-gingerol could efficiently scavenge various free radicals, including ${\bullet}OH$ radical ($IC_{50}$ $70.39{\pm}1.23{\mu}M$), ${\bullet}O_2{^-}$ radical ($IC_{50}$ $228.40{\pm}9.20{\mu}M$), $DPPH{\bullet}$radical ($IC_{50}$ $27.35{\pm}1.44{\mu}M$), and $ABTS{^+}{\bullet}$radical ($IC_{50}$ $2.53{\pm}0.070{\mu}M$), and reduce $Cu^{2+}$ ion ($IC_{50}$ $11.97{\pm}0.68{\mu}M$). In order to investigate the possible mechanism, the reaction product of [6]-gingerol and $DPPH{\bullet}$ radical was further measured using HPLC combined mass spectrometry. The product showed a molecular ion peak at m/z 316 $[M+Na]^+$, and diagnostic fragment loss (m/z 28) for quinone. On this basis, it can be concluded that: (i) [6]-gingerol can effectively protect against ${\bullet}OH$-induced DNA damage; (ii) a possible mechanism for [6]-gingerol to protect against oxidative damage is ${\bullet}OH$ radical scavenging; (iii) [6]-gingerol scavenges ${\bullet}OH$ radical through hydrogen atom ($H{\bullet}$) transfer (HAT) and sequential electron (e) proton transfer (SEPT) mechanisms; and (iv) both mechanisms make [6]-gingerol be oxidized to semi-quinone or quinone forms.

Protective Effect Against Hydroxyl Radical-induced DNA Damage and Antioxidant Mechanism of [6]-gingerol: A Chemical Study

Jing Lin,Xican Li,Li Chen,Weizhao Lu,Xianwen Chen,Lu Han,Dongfeng Chen 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.6

[6]-Gingerol is known as the major bioactive constituent of ginger. In the study, it was observed to effectively protect against •OH-induced DNA damage (IC50 328.60 ± 24.41 μM). Antioxidant assays indicated that [6]- gingerol could efficiently scavenge various free radicals, including •OH radical (IC50 70.39 ± 1.23 μM), •O2 − radical (IC50 228.40 ± 9.20 μM), DPPH• radical (IC50 27.35 ± 1.44 μM), and ABTS+• radical (IC50 2.53 ± 0.070 μM), and reduce Cu2+ ion (IC50 11.97 ± 0.68 μM). In order to investigate the possible mechanism, the reaction product of [6]-gingerol and DPPH• radical was further measured using HPLC combined mass spectrometry. The product showed a molecular ion peak at m/z 316 [M+Na]+, and diagnostic fragment loss (m/z 28) for quinone. On this basis, it can be concluded that: (i) [6]-gingerol can effectively protect against •OH-induced DNA damage; (ii) a possible mechanism for [6]-gingerol to protect against oxidative damage is •OH radical scavenging; (iii) [6]-gingerol scavenges •OH radical through hydrogen atom (H•) transfer (HAT) and sequential electron (e) proton transfer (SEPT) mechanisms; and (iv) both mechanisms make [6]-gingerol be oxidized to semi-quinone or quinone forms.

Reaction Route to the Crystallization of Copper Oxides

Chen, Kunfeng,Xue, Dongfeng The Korean Vacuum Society 2014 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.23 No.1

Copper is an important component from coin metal to electronic wire, integrated circuit, and to lithium battery. Copper oxides, mainly including $Cu_2O$ and CuO, are important semiconductors for the wide applications in solar cell, catalysis, lithium-ion battery, and sensor. Due to their low cost, low toxicity, and easy synthesis, copper oxides have received much research interest in recent year. Herein, we review the crystallization of copper oxides by designing various chemical reaction routes, for example, the synthesis of $Cu_2O$ by reduction route, the oxidation of copper to $Cu_2O$ or CuO, the chemical transformation of $Cu_2O$ to CuO, the chemical precipitation of CuO. In the designed reaction system, ligands, pH, inorganic ions, temperature were used to control both chemical reactions and the crystallization processes, which finally determined the phases, morphologies and sizes of copper oxides. Furthermore, copper oxides with different structures as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries were also reviewed. This review presents a simple route to study the reaction-crystallization-performance relationship of Cu-based materials, which can be extended to other inorganic oxides.

Reaction Route to the Crystallization of Copper Oxides

Kunfeng Chen,Dongfeng Xue 한국진공학회 2014 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.23 No.1

Copper is an important component from coin metal to electronic wire, integrated circuit, and to lithium battery. Copper oxides, mainly including Cu2O and CuO, are important semiconductors for the wide applications in solar cell, catalysis, lithium-ion battery, and sensor. Due to their low cost, low toxicity, and easy synthesis, copper oxides have received much research interest in recent year. Herein, we review the crystallization of copper oxides by designing various chemical reaction routes, for example, the synthesis of Cu2O by reduction route, the oxidation of copper to Cu2O or CuO, the chemical transformation of Cu2O to CuO, the chemical precipitation of CuO. In the designed reaction system, ligands, pH, inorganic ions, temperature were used to control both chemical reactions and the crystallization processes, which finally determined the phases, morphologies and sizes of copper oxides. Furthermore, copper oxides with different structures as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries were also reviewed. This review presents a simple route to study the reactioncrystallization- performance relationship of Cu-based materials, which can be extended to other inorganic oxides.

Modeling and Performance Analysis of MAC Protocol for WBAN with Finite Buffer

( Minglei Shu ),( Dongfeng Yuan ),( Changfang Chen ),( Yinglong Wang ),( Chongqing Zhang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.11

The IEEE 802.15.6 standard is introduced to satisfy all the requirements for monitoring systems operating in, on, or around the human body. In this paper, analytical models are developed for evaluating the performance of the IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA/CA-based medium access control protocol for wireless body area networks (WBAN) under unsaturation condition. We employ a three-dimensional Markov chain to model the backoff procedure, and an M/G/1/K queuing system to describe the packet queues in the buffer. The throughput and delay performances of WBAN operating in the beacon mode are analyzed in heterogeneous network comprised of different user priorities. Simulation results are included to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed analytical model.

High-Frequency Isolated Medium-Voltage AC Grid-connected PV Power Generation System Structure based on DC Bus Collection

Lin. Lin,Qi. Chen,Xingang. Wu,Chuang. Liu,Haoran. Zhang,Dongfeng. Yang 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

This paper proposes an isolated mediumvoltage AC grid-connected PV power generation system structure based on DC bus collection with high-frequency link concept. The proposed system structure consists of centralized photovoltaic power plant, inverter unit based on isolated bridge converter (I-BC), and capacitor at the junction of dc bus. PV plant is divided into many arrays, each PV array is connected in parallel with each phase inverter unit. Inverter unit is composed of two I-BC. Compare with conventional two-stage PV inverter, I-BC can totally eliminate the individual DC-link capacitors at the highvoltage side, which leads to extremely reduced system volume and voltage-balancing control between individual capacitors. Second harmonic power oscillations seen in typical system structure can also be eliminated or reduced through use of the proposed system. This paper presents the analysis and operation of the proposed PV system structure with experimental results on a scaled-down laboratory.

The Role of Gut Microbiota and Genetic Susceptibility in the Pathogenesis of Pancreatitis

Xu Fumin,Yang Chunmei,Tang Mingcheng,Wang Ming,Cheng Zhenhao,Chen Dongfeng,Chen Xiao,Liu Kaijun 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2022 Gut and Liver Vol.16 No.5

Pancreatitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases of the pancreas caused by autodigestion induced by excessive premature protease activation. However, recognition of novel pathophysiological mechanisms remains a still challenge. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, and the gut microbiota is a potential source of an environmental effect. In recent years, several new frontiers in gut microbiota and genetic risk assessment research have emerged and improved the understanding of the disease. These investigations showed that the disease progression of pancreatitis could be regulated by the gut microbiome, either through a translocation influence or in a host immune response manner. Meanwhile, the onset of the disease is also associated with the heritage of a pathogenic mutation, and the disease progression could be modified by genetic risk factors. In this review, we focused on the recent advances in the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, and the genetic susceptibility in pancreatitis.

Meta-analysis identifies multiple loci associated with kidney function??related traits in east Asian populations

Okada, Yukinori,Sim, Xueling,Go, Min Jin,Wu, Jer-Yuarn,Gu, Dongfeng,Takeuchi, Fumihiko,Takahashi, Atsushi,Maeda, Shiro,Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko,Chen, Peng,Lim, Su-Chi,Wong, Tien-Yin,Liu, Jianjun,Young, Terr Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2012 Nature genetics Vol.44 No.8

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), impairment of kidney function, is a serious public health problem, and the assessment of genetic factors influencing kidney function has substantial clinical relevance. Here, we report a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for kidney function??related traits, including 71,149 east Asian individuals from 18 studies in 11 population-, hospital- or family-based cohorts, conducted as part of the Asian Genetic Epidemiology Network (AGEN). Our meta-analysis identified 17 loci newly associated with kidney function??related traits, including the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate based on serum creatinine levels (eGFRcrea) (P < 5.0 ? 10<SUP>??8</SUP>). We further examined these loci with in silico replication in individuals of European ancestry from the KidneyGen, CKDGen and GUGC consortia, including a combined total of ??10,347 individuals. We identify pleiotropic associations among these loci with kidney function??related traits and risk of CKD. These findings provide new insights into the genetics of kidney function.

Efficient treatment of anthraquinone dye wastewater by adsorption using sunflower torus-like magnesium hydroxide microspheres

Demin Jiang,Fang Wang,Bo Lan,Dacai Wang,Kezhong Liang,Tingzhen Li,Dongfeng Zhao,Jianjun Chen,Junjie Lin,Wen Chan,Yuke Li 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.3

Novel sunflower torus-like magnesium hydroxide (MH) microsphere particles were prepared by a facile one-step, self-assembly method. The synthesized products and the mechanism of adsorption of samples of the anthraquinone dyes reactive blue 19 (RB19) and alizarin red S (ARS) were analyzed by different modern characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The adsorptive potential of the as-prepared microspheres for the removal of RB19 and ARS in aqueous solution was evaluated. The effects of multiple condition parameters, including, adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, adsorption temperature, wastewater pH, rotating speed and sodium chloride concentration on the removal of the dyes from the wastewater were studied in detail. The effect of the structural and shape properties of the MH adsorbent on the dye adsorption performances was also studied. The results showed that sunflower torus-like MH was an effective adsorbent for dye removal. The removal rates of ARS and RB19 were 91.65% and 83.03%, respectively, under the optimized conditions. The maximum adsorption capacity of the microspheres was 349.85mg/g for ARS and 231.78mg/g for RB19 at 25 oC. The equilibrium adsorption experimental data of the microsphere adsorption conformed to the Freundlich isotherm for ARS and the Langmuir isotherm for RB19. The adsorption kinetics experimental studies showed that the pseudo-second-order and pseudo-first-order model perfectly fit for both ARS and RB19 microsphere adsorption. RB19 and ARS were absorbed on the sunflower torus-like MH surface via the formation of H-bonds. Thus, the sunflower torus-like MH microsphere particles are an effective purifying agent for the removal of the anthraquinone dyes ARS and RB19 from wastewater.

Genome-Wide Association Study Meta-Analysis Reveals Transethnic Replication of Mean Arterial and Pulse Pressure Loci

Kelly, Tanika N.,Takeuchi, Fumihiko,Tabara, Yasuharu,Edwards, Todd L.,Kim, Young Jin,Chen, Peng,Li, Huaixing,Wu, Ying,Yang, Chi-Fan,Zhang, Yonghong,Gu, Dongfeng,Katsuya, Tomohiro,Ohkubo, Takayoshi,Gao American Heart Association, Inc. 2013 Hypertension Vol.62 No.5

<P>We conducted a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure among 26 600 East Asian participants (stage 1) followed by replication study of up to 28 783 participants (stage 2). For novel loci, statistical significance was determined by a <I>P</I><5.0×10<SUP>–8</SUP> in joint analysis of stage 1 and stage 2 data. For loci reported by the previous mean arterial and pulse pressure genome-wide association study meta-analysis in Europeans, evidence of transethnic replication was determined by consistency in effect direction and a Bonferroni-corrected <I>P</I><1.4×10<SUP>–3</SUP>. No novel loci were identified by the current study. Five independent mean arterial pressure variants demonstrated robust evidence for transethnic replication including rs17249754 at <I>ATP2B1</I> (<I>P</I>=7.5×10<SUP>–15</SUP>), rs2681492 at <I>ATP2B1</I> (<I>P</I>=3.4×10<SUP>–7</SUP>), rs11191593 at <I>NT5C2</I> (1.1×10<SUP>–6</SUP>), rs3824755 at <I>CYP17A1</I> (<I>P</I>=1.2×10<SUP>–6</SUP>), and rs13149993 at <I>FGF5</I> (<I>P</I>=2.4×10<SUP>–4</SUP>). Two additional variants showed suggestive evidence of transethnic replication (consistency in effect direction and <I>P</I><0.05), including rs319690 at <I>MAP4</I> (<I>P</I>=0.014) and rs1173771 at <I>NPR3</I> (<I>P</I>=0.018). For pulse pressure, robust evidence of replication was identified for 2 independent variants, including rs17249754 at <I>ATP2B1</I> (<I>P</I>=1.2×10<SUP>–5</SUP>) and rs11191593 at <I>NT5C2</I> (<I>P</I>=1.1×10<SUP>–3</SUP>), with suggestive evidence of replication among an additional 2 variants including rs3824755 at <I>CYP17A1</I> (<I>P</I>=6.1×10<SUP>–3</SUP>) and rs2681492 at <I>ATP2B1</I> (<I>P</I>=9.0×10<SUP>–3</SUP>). Replicated variants demonstrated consistency in effect sizes between East Asian and European samples, with effect size differences ranging from 0.03 to 0.24 mm Hg for mean arterial pressure and from 0.03 to 0.21 mm Hg for pulse pressure. In conclusion, we present the first evidence of transethnic replication of several mean arterial and pulse pressure loci in an East Asian population.</P>