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Chawla, P. Cheena,Chawla, Anil Kumar,Shrivastava, Richa,Shrivastava, Anju,Chaudhary, Seema Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.13
Cervical cancer, the second most common malignancy all over the world, is associated with HPV infection. In a developing country like India, lack of early detection and treatment facilities is the main cause for its high burden. Therefore, through our study we e tried to present the current scenario of existing facilities for the detection and treatment of cervical cancer in hospitals and primary health centers (PHCs) of Delhi-NCR region. Data were collected from 312 healthcare facilities including public and private hospitals and PHCs of all nine districts from Delhi-NCR region. Healthcare providers including gynecologists, medical officers, women health care providers and paramedical staff were interviewed, using a questionnaire; the facilities for screening, diagnosing, and treating cervical cancer in each institution were recorded, using a previously designed checklist. Our study has shown that the basic facilities for the detection and treatment of cervical cancer are abhorrently lacking in Public hospitals and PHCs as compared to the Private hospitals in Delhi-NCR region. This study demonstrates that there is an urgent need for more investment in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer facilities in public and rural healthcare facilities of Delhi-NCR region.
Chawla J. K. 한국물리학회 2022 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.80 No.7
The large amplitude of ion-acoustic double layers (DLs) in a plasma consisting of ions, positrons, and cold and hot superthermal electrons is considered using the pseudo-potential method (SPM). An energy integral equation for the system has been derived with the help of the SPM, and compressive double layers are found to exist in the plasma system for a selected set of plasma parameters. The effects of the spectral indexes of hot electrons ( kh) and cold electrons ( kc), the temperature ratio of the two species of electrons (1), positron concentration (), ionic temperature ratio (), positron temperature ratio () , and Mach number (M) on the characteristics of the large-amplitude ion-acoustic DLs are discussed in detail. The amplitude of the DLs increases with increasing temperature ratio of the two species of electrons (1), positron concentration (), ionic temperature ratio (), positron temperature ratio () , and Mach number (M), but a decrease in the spectral indexes ( kh, kc) increases the amplitude of the DLs. The results of this research may be useful for understanding of nonlinear DLs in space plasma environments where positrons, ions, and hot and cold superthermal electrons are present (e.g., pulsar magnetospheres, early universe, nucleon stars, active galactic nuclei, and star atmospheres).
Chawla, S. P.,Jo, C.,Kang, H. J.,Kim, M. J.,Byun, M. W. The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2003 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.8 No.4
Effects of extraction conditions, gamma-irradiation and storage conditions on bioactivities of Citrus (Citrus unshiu) peel extract were investigated. The Hunter color $L^{*}$- and $a^{*}$-values of the extract increased but $b^{*}$-value decreased with an increase in absorbed irradiation dose. DPPH radical scavenging, tyrosinase inhibition and nitrite scavenging activities were not affected by irradiation but reduced by increased storage time. Nitrite scavenging activity of the extract was the highest at pH 1.2 followed by pH 4.2 and 6.0 and not changed by storage. Results indicated that there is potential for using citrus peel byproducts as a bioactive ingredient, and that gamma irradiation brightens the color of the extract without adversely altering its biological activity.ity.
CHAWLA, SHEETAL,RAO, S. CHANDRA SEKHARA The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2015 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.33 No.5
We consider a weakly coupled system of singularly perturbed convection-diffusion equations with discontinuous source term. The diffusion term of each equation is associated with a small positive parameter of different magnitude. Presence of discontinuity and different parameters creates boundary and weak interior layers that overlap and interact. A numerical method is constructed for this problem which involves an appropriate piecewise uniform Shishkin mesh. The numerical approximations are proved to converge to the continuous solutions uniformly with respect to the singular perturbation parameters. Numerical results are presented which illustrates the theoretical results.
Akshay Chawla,Anita Sudhaik,Pankaj Raizada,Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan,Archana Singh,Quyet Van Le,Van Huy Nguyen,Adem Sreedhar,Saad M. Alshehri,Abdullah M. Asiri,Pardeep Singh 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.116 No.-
Not just people, but all living species, desire a clean and green environment to live a happy and healthylife. However, in our ever-increasingly congested world, it is quite challenging. Excessive deforestation,factory smoke, various chemical compounds, agricultural chemicals, etc. all pollute our environmentseverely. Some of its adverse consequences include water contamination and a shortage of energy supplies. In recent times, photocatalysts have sparked tremendous attention as a means of addressing energydemands as well as environmental challenges (water pollution). For this, SnO2 and SnO2 based photocatalystshave gained a great attention due to its good photocatalytic ability. In the same way, SnO2-based Zschemephotocatalysts has extended significant interest to address these concerns due to its strong photocatalyticcharacteristics, energy savings, eco-friendliness, and lack of adverse health effects. Though, thephotocatalytic effectiveness of conventional SnO2 semiconductors, with their shortcomings, falls wellshort of the real requirements. The current review emphasizes on admirable properties and several synthesisprocesses of SnO2 which make it an ideal photocatalyst. This study also stresses the fundamentalshortcomings of SnO2 that restrict its utilization. The central section of this review is concentrated onSnO2-based Z-scheme photocatalysts and most recent significant research modification of Z-schemeSnO2-based photocatalysts. The photocatalytic applications of Z-scheme SnO2-based photocatalysts forpollutants removal, energy conversion, and water splitting are also summarized. In conclusion, we haveaddressed the challenges and future exploration of SnO2-based photocatalysts with a Z-scheme heterojunctiontype for pollutant degradation and energy conversion.
Photovoltaic Review of all Generations: Environmental Impact and Its Market Potential
Rashmi Chawla,Poonam Singhal,Amit Kumar Garg 한국전기전자재료학회 2020 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.21 No.5
With the technology and innovation rising at its peak, the demand for energy has increased exponentially. To cater this, researchers are persistently exploring ways to fulfi l this defi cit between demand and supply. One of the feasible solutions is the use of energy from renewable resources such as Solar Energy due to its abundance availability and easy accessibility. Seeing it’s trans formative potential to address growing concerns about environment, pollution and sustainable energy integration,there is an intemperate research going on in developing highly effi cient Photovoltaic Cells (PVC). The PVC’s are eff ectuated to convert solar energy from the sunlight directly to electrical energy. Furthermore, the PVC has gone through various generations with the aim to optimise its cost/watt of delivered solar electricity and effi ciency of solar cell. This paper is an eff ort to compare all the generations which PVC has undergone and the recent advancements in this area. The results of this research study will be fruitful for researchers working in this direction.
Career Selective Si Solar Cells: Modelling and Performance Metrics Evaluation
Rashmi Chawla,Poonam Singhal,Amit Kumar Garg 한국전기전자재료학회 2021 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.22 No.5
Silicon (Si) junctionless solar Photo Voltaic Cells (PVCs) with semiconducting carrier selective blocking layer can modify output efficiency of solar cell. In this research work, we have proposed use of both electron–hole selective layer in Si solar cell with SILVACO simulation. This paper simulates and evaluates two possible electron-selective oxides (TiO2 and ZnO) and two possible hole-selective oxides (CuAlO2 and NiO). The results in terms of solar performance metric is compared and further TiO2 and NiO as carrier selective layers are proposed. The simulation results suggest the fermi level pinning on the device as a reason for increase in output efficiency. This research work comprehends a considerable understanding to band-engineer selective contact semiconducting oxide Si junctionless solar cell device. The performance parameters with Jsc = 10.08 mA/cm 2 , Voc = 2.69 V, fi ll factor (FF) = 99.8% and conversion efficiency of 27.09% (1 sun) are obtained underAM1.5G illumination.
Harshita Chawla,Amrish Chandra,Pravin Popinand Ingole,Seema Garg 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.95 No.-
In the recent past decade, layered bismuth metal oxides (Bi2MO6, M = W, Mo and Cr) have establishedsubstantial consideration comparable to bismuth oxyhalides (BiOX, X = Cl, Br, I and F) for its emergingpotential towards its photocatalytic applications in clean energy production and environmentalremediation. Their electronic band structure characterises appropriate band-gap for visible lightphotocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activities of these materials can be deliberately incrementedusing various strategies including formation of heterojunction, modification of interface, usingsensitizers, metal and non-metal doping, development of composites, and formation of oxygenvacancies. Nevertheless, its visible light applications limit up due to higher recombination ofphotoinduced charge carriers. This review systematically encapsulates electronic spectra, strategiesimplemented for higher separation of charge carriers, and establishing its potential in thefield of cleanenergyproduction as well as degrading manageable and recalcitrant pollutants. Finally, the currentscenario and future aspects of using Bi2MO6 photocatalysts are summarised.
Sheetal Chawla,S. Chandra Sekhara Rao 한국전산응용수학회 2015 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.33 No.5
We consider a weakly coupled system of singularly perturbed convection-diffusion equations with discontinuous source term. The diffusion term of each equation is associated with a small positive parameter of different magnitude. Presence of discontinuity and different parameters creates boundary and weak interior layers that overlap and interact. A numerical method is constructed for this problem which involves an appropriate piecewise uniform Shishkin mesh. The numerical approximations are proved to converge to the continuous solutions uniformly with respect to the singular perturbation parameters. Numerical results are presented which illustrates the theoretical results.