1920년대 말 대중화론에 관한 김기진의 문학적 실천 혹은 한 가능성 - 『동아일보』 장편 연작소설 「황원행」을 중심으로 -

염창동 ( Ryuem¸ Chang-dong ) 한국현대문예비평학회 2021 한국문예비평연구 Vol.- No.69

이 글은 근대 최초의 장편 연작소설 「황원행」의 작가 5인 가운데 김기진에 주목하여 그가 집필한 「황원행」을 당시 카프의 대중화논쟁의 맥락 속에서 파악하려는 시도이다. 1920년대 말 김기진은 프로문학의 대중화를 위해 ‘기존의 통속소설’과는 다른 ‘새로운 통속소설’을 강조한다. 김기진에 따르면, 이는 기존의 서사양식을 적극 차용하여 대중성과 상업성을 확보하면서도, 마르크스주의를 강조하는 프로문학 본연의 목적을 견지하는 것으로 실현가능한 것이었다. 대중화논쟁이 한창이던 시기 김기진은 「황원행」의 작가로 참여하게 된다. 김기진은 「황원행」을 통해 다른 명망 있는 작가들과의 결합과 더불어 비교적 안정된 지면과 다양한 독자층을 확보할 수 있었다. 김기진은 자신의 집필분 안에서 서사분할 전략을 통해 탐정소설과 연애소설 등 「황원행」의 통속소설적인 면모를 적극 이용하면서도, 그 안에서 마르크스주의의 당위성을 역설함으로써 프로문학 본연의 목적을 견지하려는 모습을 보였다. 이는 「황원행」이 지니는 연작소설의 특수성과도 맞물려, 김기진의 집필분을 다른 작가들의 그것과 뚜렷이 구별하게 만드는 요인이 되었다. 다만 그 과정에서 김기진은 「황원행」의 ‘통속소설적 서사’와 ‘마르크스주의적 서사’의 적절한 조화를 이루지 못해 소설의 개연성을 떨어뜨리고, 마르크스주의를 무리하게 강조하려다 오히려 ‘대중’의 일상으로부터 멀어지게 되는 등의 한계를 보였다. 비록 그것이 지니는 한계에도 불구하고, 「황원행」은 연작소설이라는 근대 시기 독특한 서사양식 및 신문 매체와의 유기적 관계 속에서 김기진이 대중독자들과 만나게 되는 최초의 시도라는 의미를 갖는다. This paper pays attention to Kim Ki-jin, among the five writers of the initial relay novel Hwang Won-Haeng. This paper is an attempt to find out the significance, the part which Kim Ki-jin wrote in Hwang Won-Haeng, by understanding in the context of KAPF’s literary popularization debate. In the late 1920s, Kim Ki-jin emphasizes the need for a ‘new popular novel’ that is different from the existing ‘Secular novel’ to popularize proletarian literature. This was feasible by actively borrowing existing narrative forms to secure popularity and commerciality, while maintaining the original purpose of proletarian literature that emphasized Marxism. In the midst of the popularization debate, he participated as a writer of Hwang Won-haeng. Along with the combination of other renowned writers, Kim Ki-jin was able to secure a relatively stable page and a diverse readership through Hwang Won-haeng as a popular novel. Kim Ki-jin actively used the popular novel aspects of Hwang Won-haeng, including detective novels and romance novels, in his writing, but tried to maintain the original purpose of proletarian literature by emphasizing the legitimacy of Marxism. This is also related to the speciality of relay novels in Hwang Won-haeng, which made his writings distinct from those of other writers. However, in the process, Kim Ki-jin’s writing did not harmonize properly with ‘Secular novel narrative’ and ‘Marxist narrative’, reducing the probability of the novel, and trying to emphasize Marxism too much, but rather moving away from the daily life of ‘the public’. Despite its limitations, Hwang Won-haeng is meaningful as the first attempt by Kim Ki-jin to meet with public readers through his unique narrative style of relay novels and his relationship with the newspaper media in modern times.

Numerical Modelling Study of the Load Sharing Law of Anti-sliding Piles based on the Soil Arching Effect for Erliban Landslide, China

Changdong Li,Huiming Tang,Xinli Hu,Liangqing Wang 대한토목학회 2013 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.17 No.6

This paper presents a new model of the load sharing law with a three-stage load sharing pattern via a representative case study in the Three Gorges reservoir region, China. A definitive new three-stage load transfer pattern is presented, including end-bearing soil arching, friction soil arching and the sliding mass in front of the pile. By means of the soil arching effect between the anti-sliding pile and landslide mass, the law of the load sharing ratio under different cases, including different intervals, section dimensions, driving forces, and shearing parameters of the sliding mass and the pile-soil interface, is presented by using the explicit finite-difference numerical modelling method. The results show that (a) the effect scale of the soil arching effect is within the scale of four times of the width of the pile; (b) the soil arching only exits within a certain pile interval, and it will become inefficiency beyond the maximum pile interval; (c) there is a threshold value for the cohesion strength parameters of the sliding mass, beyond which the load sharing ratios of soil arching keep in a steady level.

Restoring force model for circular RC columns strengthened by pre-stressed CFRP strips

Changdong Zhou,Xilin Lu,Hui Li,Teng Tian 국제구조공학회 2014 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.17 No.4

This paper presents a tri-linear restoring force model based on the test results of 12 circular RC columns strengthened by CFRP strips under low cyclic loading. The pre-stress of CFRP strips and axial load ratio of specimens are considered as the affect parameters of the proposed model. All essential characteristics of the hysteretic behavior of the proposed model, including the hysteretic rules, main performance points, strength degradation, stiffness degradation and confinement effects are explicitly analyzed. The calculated results from the proposed model are in good agreement with the experimental results, which shows that the recommended model can be reliably used for seismic behavior predictions of circular RC columns strengthened by pre-stressed CFRP strips.

Application of Self-organizing Mapping-Random Forest Model to Map Landslide Susceptibility in Zigui Basin, Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China

( Changdong Li ),( Jingjing Long ),( Zhiyong Fu ),( Wenqiang Chen ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

The Zigui basin is one of the most landslide-prone areas where thousands of landslides are distributed. Researches show that areas sharing the same conditions as identified landslides are clearly potential areas for future disasters. Performing the landslide susceptibility mapping is a heated issue in the area. Continued improvements in high-resolution satellite images, and the developments of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and site-investigation function well in constructing effective, high-quality landslide databases. GIS technology and machine learning algorithms have been widely applied in landslide susceptibility prediction. Whereas, whether the random and subjective selection of the landslides or non-landslides grid cells are reasonable in research of landslide susceptibility mapping is the existence problem. Based on the Two step cluster (TSC) algorithm and the Self-organizing mapping - Random forest (SOM-RF) model, a novel hybrid model is proposed to overcome the above drawbacks. SOM is used to produce a preliminary landslide susceptibility mapping. TSC algorithm is applied in telling apart the most reasonable True-Positive (TP) from recorded landslide grid cells in high-susceptibility zones and the False-Positive (FP) in low-susceptibility zones. Afterwards, the labeled datasets are imported into the RF model for training. And then the trained SOM-RF model is utilized to perform an improved landslide susceptibility mapping. Most areas with high or very high susceptibility are located within the hydro-fluctuation belt of the TGR. Compared with the susceptibility mapping produced by single RF model, the results of SOM-RF model demonstrate to have the superior prediction skill and higher reliability.

Experimental and Modeling Analysis of Hydrogen Motion Behavior in Welding Zone of 2.25Cr–1Mo–0.25 V Steel Welded Joint with Hydrogen Corrosion

Changdong Yin,Dongdong Ye,Zhou Xu,Jianjun Chen,Yiwen Wu,Houli Liu,Xin Ge,Qiang Liu,Guiling Zeng 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.8

Understanding and solving the problem of hydrogen damage due to the degradation of service performance of high-strengthsteel caused by hydrogen penetration is a milestone for the reliability improvement of high-end hydrogen energy equipment. From the perspective of microscopic hydrogen movement behavior, this study investigated the permeability of hydrogenin base metal (BM) and welded metal (WM) of 2.25Cr–1Mo–0.25 V steel welded joint through electrochemical hydrogenpermeation test, and the analytical models of hydrogen penetration and hydrogen diffusion in the welding zone were established,and the effect of adding hydrogen-resistant coatings (HRCs) on hydrogen movement behavior in steel substrate wasstudied. The results showed that the diffusivity of hydrogen in WM of the welded joint was significantly lower than thatin BM, and the hydrogen concentration in BM was higher than that in WM at the beginning of hydrogenation without theaddition of HRCs protection, while it tended to be consistent at the later stage. However, the hydrogen concentration in WMwas lower than that in BM after adding HRCs and would be always higher than that in BM after a certain period of time,and the difference was directly related to the hydrogen resistance of the coatings. Additionally, the difference between theintermediate and outer layers for the welding zone steel substrate with and without HRCs presented a trend of rapid increasefollowed by a slow decrease. These findings could provide an important reference value for hydrogen damage protectionmeasures and related researches on HRCs.

Orders-of-magnitude enhancement in conductivity tuning in InGaZnO thin-film transistors via SiNx passivation and dual-gate modulation

ChangDong Chen,ChenNing Liu,JiWen Zheng,GongTan Li,Shan Li,QianWu,JinWu,Chuan Liu 한국정보디스플레이학회 2019 Journal of information display Vol.20 No.3

The mobility of pristine amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) is insufficient to meet the requirement of the future ultra-high-definition displays. Reported herein is the fabrication of hydrogenated long-channel IGZO TFTs exhibiting a transconductance and an on/off ratio that are orders of magnitude superior to those of the regular devices. The gate bias stability of the treated IGZO TFTs was greatly enhanced, with the threshold voltage shifting by less than 1 V after 1 h stress. Experimentally, the hydrogenation of the active layer was achieved via the deposition of a SiNx/SiOx bilayer on top of the IGZO via plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition followed by post-annealing under optimized conditions. The elemental depth profiles indicated that this enhanced performance originated from the hydrogen doping of the IGZO film. Furthermore, a dual-gate structure was fabricated to alleviate the deterioration of the subthreshold properties induced by the excess hydrogen doping.

Optimal Location of Piles in Stabilizing Slopes Based on a Simplified Double-row Piles Model

Changdong Li,Wenqiang Chen,Yingjie Song,Wenping Gong,Qihua Zhao 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.2

Embedding single-row piles is often adopted to stabilize slopes in engineering practice. However, for large-scale and complex slopes, single-row piles might not be able to stabilize the slope; rather, double-row piles, even multirow piles, should be adopted. Currently, the optimal locations of double-row stabilizing piles considering local instability of the slope have rarely been studied. In this paper, a simplified analytical model used to analyze double-row pile stabilized slopes is proposed, where the local failure of the slope above the first row of piles is considered. Through the kinematic approach of limit analysis combined with the strength reduction technique, the required resistance forces provided by double-row piles respectively are derived for different pile locations denoted by the rotational angle. Moreover, a framework is developed for analyzing the optimal locations of multirow piles considering multistage potential slip surfaces. The results of an illustrative example are presented, and the reasonableness of the proposed method is verified. It is concluded that the optimal locations of double-row piles lie within middle-lower part of the corresponding stabilized part of the slope. Finally, discussion illustrates the influences of the seismic effects and soil shear strength parameters on the derived optimal pile locations. This study provides novel scientific insight into the optimized design of stabilizing pile locations in engineering practice.

Wheat Rows Detection Based on Machine Vision

Changdong Ma,Hongtu Zhao,Xiaojie Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.9

This study describes a new method for wheat rows detection at the middle growth stage based on Machine Vision. The algorithm includes three steps: (i) vegetation segmentation, (ii) centers points extraction and (iii) wheat rows detection. In the first step, color images were transformed into gray-level images and Otsu’s method was used to implement binarization. Based on the fact that the corresponding center points on two adjacent horizontal scanning lines can’t have a large deviation, in the second step, we firstly extracted the initial center points on the first scanning line based on a sliding window, and then gave a small shift based on positions of the initial center points which have been extracted on the previous scanning line to extract the center points for the next scanning line. Finally, the Randomized Hough transform (RHT) method was employed to locate the wheat rows. Test results indicate that the proposed method can effectively detect the wheat rows at the middle growth stage.

Influence of Isosceles Trapezoid Cross-section on the Reinforcement Effect of Stabilizing Piles

Changdong Li,Xinwang Liu,Qingtao Liu,Tao Liu 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.20 No.7

The paper conducts the study on the influence of isosceles trapezoid cross section on the reinforcement effect of stabilizing piles by employing the numerical modeling approach. On the basis of soil arching theory with end-bearing soil arching and friction soil arching, the modified mechanical model for the arbitrary isosceles trapezoid cross-section piles was proposed. The impacts of different slope ratios of the sidewall of the isosceles trapezoid cross-section piles on the displacement and load sharing of driving force were examined utilizing the explicit finite-difference software FLAC3D. The result of displacement contour graphs indicates that the stabilizing piles with trapezoid cross-section are better capable of resisting the deformation under the action of driving force. The logarithmic function between the load sharing percentage of end-bearing soil arching and slope ratio, and power function between the load sharing percentage of the friction soil arching and slope ratio were established for inner isosceles trapezoid crosssection piles. Similarly, the power function between the load sharing percentage of end-bearing soil arching and slope ratio was proposed for outer isosceles trapezoid cross-section piles. Furthermore, the reaction of soil arching on the stabilizing piles in view of the stress distribution discipline around piles was investigated. The result shows that the maximum vertical stress occurs in the back corners of stabilizing piles; consequently, the strength and rigidity of the back corners of stabilizing piles should be strengthened to resist the concentrated stress.

치아측색을 위한 스마트폰용 광학장치 설계

이창동(Changdong Lee),정진형(Jin-Hyoung Jeong),이상식(Sangsik Lee) 대한전기학회 2016 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.2

스마트폰을 이용한 측색의 경우 기종별로 다른 센서(카메라)와 조명 등 측정 환경의 통제가 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 임의의 표준색상을 선정하여 다양한 광학계를 적용하여 표준색상과의 색차를 비교함으로써 가장 색차를 최소화 시킬 수 있는 광학계의 구조를 제안한다.