Efficient induction of cell-mediated immunity to varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E co-lyophilized with a cationic liposome-based adjuvant in mice

Wui, Seo Ri,Kim, Kwang Sung,Ryu, Ji In,Ko, Ara,Do, Hien Thi Thu,Lee, Yeon Jung,Kim, Hark Jun,Lim, Soo Jeong,Park, Shin Ae,Cho, Yang Je,Kim, Chang-Gyeom,Lee, Na Gyong Elsevier 2019 Vaccine Vol.37 No.15

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a neurotropic and lymphotropic alpha herpesvirus that causes varicella and herpes zoster (HZ). At a primary infection, VZV causes varicella in young children. Reactivation of latent VZV in sensory ganglia causes painful HZ in elderly people, occasionally leading to a serious complication, postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). A live attenuated VZV vaccine, the first vaccine licensed for the prevention of HZ and PHN is not very effective, while a recombinant subunit vaccine provides higher and longer protection against HZ. In the present study, we developed a new adjuvant system CIA09A, which is composed of cationic liposomes, the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist de-<I>O</I>-acylated lipooligosaccharide, and <I>Quillaja</I> saponin fraction QS-21. We then determined its adjuvant activity for recombinant VZV glycoprotein E (gE) in mice. Co-lyophilization of the liposomal adjuvant formulation with gE did not abolish the immune-stimulating activity. In fact, the CIA09A-adjuvanted gE vaccine was highly effective in eliciting both humoral and cellular immune responses to the recombinant gE protein and VZV in a VZV-primed mouse model. Furthermore, the frequency of gE-specific polyfunctional CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells expressing interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-2 was significantly increased in mice immunized with the adjuvanted vaccine. These data indicate that co-lyophilization of protein antigens with CIA09A enables development of a liposome-adjuvanted vaccine in a single vial to induce strong cell-mediated immunity required for vaccine efficacy. Thus, the CIA09A-adjuvanted gE vaccine warrants further development as a new prophylactic vaccine against HZ.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We determined the adjuvanticity of CIA09A (cationic liposomes with a TLR4 ligand and QS-21) for VZV gE. </LI> <LI> Co-lyophilization of CIA09A with gE did not abolish the immune-stimulating activity for VZV gE. </LI> <LI> The CIA09A-adjuvanted gE vaccine effectively elicited humoral and CMI responses to gE and VZV. </LI> <LI> The adjuvanted vaccine induced gE-specific CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells expressing IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2. </LI> <LI> Co-lyophilization of VZV gE with CIA09A enables manufacture of a subunit vaccine in a single vial. </LI> </UL> </P>

Quasi-3D micromachining using diamond tool patterned by ultrafast laser

Jaegu Kim,Chang-Wui Kim,Tae-jin Je,Sung-Hak Cho,Kyung-Hyun Whang 한국생산제조학회 2014 한국생산제조시스템학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.9(2)

M&A를 통한 KOSDAQ 우회상장 현황 및 벤처캐피탈의 우회상장 사례연구

김정희(Kim, Jung Hee),김창은(Kim, Chang-Eun),조상위(Cho, Sang Wui),임채은(Lim, Chai Eun) 글로벌경영학회 2006 글로벌경영학회지 Vol.3 No.2

최근 코스닥 시장은 주식스왑, 영업양수도, 합병과 같은 M&A 방법으로 우회상장을 시도하는 기업들이 늘어나는 추세이다. 이는 우회상장이 벤처캐피탈들이 투자금의 회수를 앞당기려 하는 것과 연관되어 있다. 이러한 우회상장이 증가하는 원인으로 벤처캐피탈들이 투자한 벤처기업들이 코스닥 시장의 등록규정에 미달되어 상장이 불가능하게 되거나 장기간에 거친 등록 심사기간으로 인해 투자금 회수에 시간이 걸리게 됨으로 M&A를 통한 우회상장을 많이 시도하고 있기 때문이다. 또한 벤처기업의 입장에서도 우회상장을 안정적인 기업공개를 통하여 기업의 자본력 확대와 투자자금의 빠른 회수가 가능한 방법으로 이용하려 하고 있다. 이에 우회상장을 통해 코스닥 시장에 상장을 시도하는 기업이 급속히 증가하고 있다. 그러나 최근 사업연관성이 전혀 없는 장외 우량기업들이 코스닥 등록기업을 대상으로 M&A를 통한 우회상장이 문제로 지적되고 있다. 이는 우회상장을 통한 주가상승은 대주주들에게만 투자금 회수라는 긍정적인 측면을 주지만 뒤따른 투자자들은 손해를 보는 경우가 점차 증가하고 있기 때문이다. 즉, 경제적인 원칙이 아닌 정서적이고 감정적인 투자 자세에서 기인하고 있는 것이다. 빈껍데기만 남는 쉘컴퍼니 현상이 나타나게 됨으로 코스닥 증권본부는 이에 각종 규제 규정으로 우회상장을 규제하려 하고있다. 이와 같은 시장의 경제원리에 맞는 우회상장은 기업과 투자자 모두에게 긍정적인 측면을 가져다 줄것이다. 그러나 부정적인 입장에서 우회상장을 바라보게 되면 규정과 절차에 묶여 우수한 장외 우량기업들이 코스닥 시장에 등록이 늦어짐으로 인해 기업성장과 자본운영의 어려움이 나타나게 될 수 도 있다. Recently an increasing number of companies are attempting back door listing on KOSDAQ through M&A such as stock swapping, business takeover and merger. This is because ventures financed by venture capitals frequently try back door listing through M&A as they cannot meet the requirements for being listed on the KOSDAQ market or have to wait for a long time through the process of examination for listing until the venture capitals recover their investments. In addition, ventures want to use back door listing as a way of expanding its capital and recovering investments promptly through safe initial public offering. However, recently it is raised as a problem that unlisted successful companies try back door listing through merging KOSDAG companies that are not relevant at all in terms of business. It is because, although the rise of stock prices through back door listing is positive to major share holders in recovering investments, many of investors who buy the stocks suffer a loss. This problem comes from the fact that the investors invest not according to economic principles but according to their feeling. As a consequence, there happens shell companies without any substantial value, and the Stock Division of KOSDAQ is moving to regulate back door listing by applying various regulatory rules. Back door listing complying with economic market principles will bring positive results to both the enterprises and the investors. However, if back door listing is viewed from a negative standpoint, many unlisted successful companies may be hindered from being listed on the KOSDAQ market by regulations and procedures, which may, in turn, cause difficulties in the growth and capital operation of the businesses.

원심펌프의 캐비테이션에 대한 수치해석

김명진(Myung-Jin Kim),진현배(Hyun-Bae Jin),손창호(Chang-Ho Son),정의준(Wui-Jun Chung) 한국유체기계학회 2013 한국유체기계학회 논문집 Vol.16 No.2

Hepatoprotective Effects of Allium cepa Linn Extract on Acetaminophen-induced Liver Damage in Mice

Kyung-Jin Lee,Deok-Song Kim,Eun-Sun Seo,Gun-Chang Ryu,Jin Huh,Jong-Sun Kim,Myung-Suk Ra,Seong-Uk Wui,Back-Jin Jeong,Dong-Woo Nam,Jong-Eun Chin,Jong Bin Lee 한국식품과학회 2003 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.12 No.6

볼류트 원심펌프의 스파이럴 케이싱

진현배(Hyun bae Jin),김명진(Myung jin Kim),손창호(Chang Ho Son),정의준(Wui jun Chung) 한국유체기계학회 2013 한국유체기계학회 논문집 Vol.16 No.4

Caution and Curation for Complete Mitochondrial Genome from Next-Generation Sequencing: A Case Study from Dermatobranchus otome (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia)

Thinh Dinh Do,Yisoo Choi,Dae-Wui Jung,Chang-Bae Kim 한국동물분류학회 2020 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.36 No.4

Mitochondrial genome is an important molecule for systematic and evolutionary studies in metazoans. The development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique has rapidly increased the number of mitogenome sequences. The process of generating mitochondrial genome based on NGS includes different steps, from DNA preparation, sequencing, assembly, and annotation. Despite the effort to improve sequencing, assembly, and annotation methods of mitogenome, the low quality and/or quantity sequence in the final map can still be generated through the work. Therefore, it is necessary to check and curate mitochondrial genome sequence after annotation for proofreading and feedback. In this study, we introduce the pipeline for sequencing and curation for mitogenome based on NGS. For this purpose, two mitogenome sequences of Dermatobranchus otome were sequenced by Illumina Miseq system with different amount of raw read data. Generated reads were targeted for assembly and annotation with commonly used programs. As abnormal repeat regions present in the mitogenomes after annotation, primers covering these regions were designed and conventional PCR followed by Sanger sequencing were performed to curate the mitogenome sequences. The obtained sequences were used to replace the abnormal region. Following the replacement, each mitochondrial genome was compared with the other as well as the sequences of close species available on the Genbank for confirmation. After curation, two mitogenomes of D. otome showed a typically circular molecule with 14,559 bp in size and contained 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes. The phylogenetic tree revealed a close relationship between D. otome and Tritonia diomea. The finding of this study indicated the importance of caution and curation for the generation of mitogenome from NGS.