The Roles of the Government in Developing "Sport for All Movement" in Korea: From Intervention / Control to Accommodation / Support

( Ju Ho Chang ),( Seong Sik Cho ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2000 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.12 No.1

This study attempts to figure out the roles of the government in developing ``sport for all movements`` which from intervention/control to accommodation/support. It discusses the relationships between the development of sport for all and the governmental roles in Korea in terms of political, economic and societal changes. It points out that the governmental intervention and control were the basic orientation of sport-policies when the civil sectors of society and local autonomous administration were underdeveloped and the political regime was authoritarian. With the development and democratization of the civil society and politics, however, this study stresses that non-governmental organizations and local autonomous governments tend to take on the responsibility for the sport for movement. With regard to societal changes, the roles of the government should be more toward accommodation and support rather than intervention and control. This study argues that the expansion and growth of civil sectors will increase the diversification, effectiveness, and efficiency of the sport for all movement and that the increase in the functions and roles of the local governments will help to mobilize the local resources and community-based sport for all movement. Finally, it suggests the strong partnership relationships between the civil sectors and the government, and between the local and the national governments based upon mutual trust and cooperation.

다공성 활성탄의 표면 개질 및 이산화티탄 고정

주창식,박흥재,정갑섭 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.9

For the purpose of surveying any possibility of anchoring titanium dioxide on activated carbons to promote their activities as catalysts and/or adsorbents, two activated carbons were oxidized with ammonium peroxydisulfate and followed by anchoring titanium dioxide. The anchoring of titanium dioxide on the oxidized activated carbons were performed via the adsorption of tetrabutyltitanate, hydrolysis with deionized water, and calcination. The effect of oxidizing and anchoring treatment on the surface element composition, surface area, and pore texture were analyzed by XPS, BET and TPD. The oxidation of activated carbons with ammonium peroxydisulfate introduced carboxyl groups on the surface of activated carbons and these carboxyl groups promoted the anchoring of titanium oxide on the activated carbons. However, the treatments affected the surface area and the porosity of activated carbons.

지지막을 이용하는 액막 추출기 내에서 아연 이온의 이동

주창식,이석희,이민규,홍성수,하홍두,정석기 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.2

For the purpose of development of a liquid membrane permeator which separates metal ions from aqueous solutions continuously and effectively, a continuous membrane permeator with the membrane solution trapped between extraction and stripping phases by two micro-porous hydrophilic films was manufactured. Experimental researches on the separation of zinc ion from aqueous solutions were performed in the liquid membrane permeator with 30 vol % D_2EHPA solution in kerosine as liquid membrane. As results, the liquid membrane permeator separates zinc ion from aqueous solutions continuously and effectively in the wide range of operating conditions. A simple mass transfer rate model using equilibrium constant of the extraction reaction for the system used were proposed, and the model was compared with experimental results of separation of zinc ion in the permeator. And the effects of operating factors, such as space time, pH of extraction solution, extraction temperature, on the separation rate of zinc ion in the permeator were experimentally examined.

넙치 및 조피볼락용 습사료의 보관조건에 따른 안정성 평가

안창범,주용석,정관식,서경란,신태선 여수대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.13 No.2

본 실험은 습사료를 대상으로 보관조건(온도별, 시간별)에 따른 지질의 산화진행 정도를 파악하여 사료의 효율적인 이용성을 구명하고자 산가(acid value, AV), 과산화물가(peroxide avlue, POV) 및 비타민 함량을 분석하였다. 생사료와 분말배합사료를 혼합하여 제조한 습사료는 혼합비가 8:2 사료에서 5:5 사료보다 높은 AV와POV를 나타내었고, 보관기간이 경과함에 따라 보관조건과는 상관없이 8:2 사료에서 빠른 산패를 보였다. 산화진행속도는 4℃ 보관조건하에서는 48시간째, -15℃ 보관조건하에서는 72시간째에서 빠르게 일어났다. 60,000 Lux이상의 직사광선 노출하에서의 AV,POV는 노출시간이 길어질수록 증가하였고, 8:2사료에서 빠르게 변화하였다. This experiment was conducted to investigate rancidity in moist pellet(MP) during various practical condition of handling and storage conditions. The experimental moist pellet diets were prepared by mixing frozen raw fish (FRF) and commercial compound meal (CCM) in ratio of 8:2 and 5:5, respectively. Immediately before and after manufacturing of MP, the MPs were stored at 4℃ and -15℃, and exposed under the sunlight(30±2℃, 60000Lux). The rancidity of each MP was determined from 1 to 96 hours after pellting. The acid value (AV) and peroxide value (POV) in the diets stored at 4 and -15℃ increased rapidly after 48 and 72 hours, respectively. For the sample exposed sunlight, AV and POV were slightly increased with the exposed time. The rancidity increased in the 8:2MP(FRF : CCM) than in the 5:5MP(ERF : CCM) at all storage condition and the amount of vitamin E in MPs decreased rapidly as AV and POV increased.

감잎의 Phenolic Compounds가 에탄올을 투여한 흰쥐의 항산화계 및 기타 효소활성에 미치는 영향

정창주,윤준식,이명렬 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2004 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.11 No.1

감잎 phenolic compoumds가 흰쥐에서 에탄올투여로 생성된 oxyger free radical대사와 각종 효소활성에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 실험동물을 정상군, 감잎 phenolic compounds 투여군(70 mg/kg), 에탄올 단독투여군, 에탄올과 감잎 phenolic compounds 소량 병합투여군(70 mg/kg), 에탄올과 감잎 phenolic compounds 대량 병합투여군(140 mg/kg)의 5군으로 나누어 6주간 사육하여 체중증가율, 식이요율 및 혈청중 ALT, ALP 및 LDH활성 측정과 간손상 억제효과를 검토하기 위하여 간조직중 유리기 생성계 효소인 XO활성, 유리기 해독계 효소인 SOD, calaase 및 GSH-Px활성과 지질과산화물인 TBARS 및 GSH함량을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 각 분획의 항산화력은 EtOAC분획의 항산화력이 가장 우수하였다. 에탄올만을 투여한 군은 정상군에 비하여 체중증가율과 식이효율이 유의적으로 감소되었고 감잎 phenolic compounds를 병합투여한 군은 체중증가율과 식이효율이 정상군에 근접하게 상승되었다. 간 손상의 지표로 알려진 ALT, ALP 및 LDH활성은 에탄올투여로 정상군에 비하여 유의하게 증가되었으나 감잎 phenolic compounds를 투여하여 ETH에 비하여 많은 감소를 보였다. 간조직중 유리기 생성계 효소인 XO활성은 에탄올 투여로 정상군에 비하여 큰 폭의증가를 보였으나 본 실험기간내에서는 유의성있는 변화는 아니었으며 감잎 phenolic compounds를 투여하여 에탄올 투여로 증가된 효소활성이 ETH에 비하여 감소는 되었으나 유의한 변화는 아니었다. 유리기 해독계 효소인 SOD, catalase 및 GSH-Px활성은 에탄올투여로 정상군에 비하여 크게 증가되었으나 감잎 phenolic compounds 투여로 ETH에 비하여 뚜렷한 저하효과를 나타냈다. TBA반응성생산물량에서 에탄올투여로 과산화지질함량이 CON에 비하여 많이 증가되어 유의한 변화를 나타냈으나 감잎phenolic compounds는 에탄올 투여로 증가된 함량을 ETH에 비하여 ⅓∼½정도 용량의존적으로 감소시켰으며 PEI의 경우 그 함량이 CON보다 오히려 낮았다. 또한 에탄올투여로 감소된 간조직중 GSH함량은 감잎phenolic compounds투여로 정상군보다 증가되었다. 이상의 실험결과에서 감잎phenolic compounds가 에탄올투여로 증가된 유리기 해독계 효소인 GSH-Px활성을 큰 폭으로 감소시키고 에탄올투여로 감소된 비효소적 항산화작용을 나타내는 GSH함량을 다량 증가시킴으로서 지질과산화물에 대한 방어력이 증강되어 나타난 결과로 여겨지며, 또한 혈청중의 ALT, ALP 및 LDH활성을 유의성있게 감소시키므로서 감잎phenolic compounds가 에탄올에 의한 간세포 손상에 대한 해독 및 보호작용이 있는 것으로 사료된다. To investigate antioxidative effects of phenolic compounds separated from persimmon leaves(PL)(Diospyros kaki Thunb.) on the ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in rat, Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 100-150 g were divided into 5 groups; control group(CON), PL(70 mg/kg) administered group(PEI), ethanol(5 mL/kg, 25%) administered group(ETH), PL(70 mg/kg) and ethanol administered group (PE2), and PL(140 mg/kg) and ethanol administered group(PE3), respectively. The antioxidative activity of persimmon leaves decreased in order of ethylacetate > interphase materials > n-butanol > chloroform > n-hexane > water fraction. The growth rate and feed efficiency ratio decreased by ethanol were gradually increased to the adjacent level of CON by administering PL. The serum activities of ALT, alkaline phosphatase and lactic acid dehydrogenase elevated by ethanol were decreased significantly. It was also observed that the activities of SOD, catalase, and GSH-Px of rat liver increased by ethanol were markedly decreased in PL administered group as compared to ETH. The GSH content of liver was decreased by ethanol, but that was increase in PEI and PF2 compared with ETH as a dose-dependant manner. These results suggested that phenolic compounds separated from persimmon leaves have a possible protective and relievable effect on the ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Fluoroacetate(Platol)중독 증상 연구 : 자살기도자를 중심으로

한창환,황주연,김경식,안석철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1984 신경정신의학 Vol.23 No.1

This study was designed to evaluate the clinical problems of fluoroacetate intoxication. The total number of the fluoroacetate intoxication patients who came to the emergency room of Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 1, 1983 to Aug. 31, 1983 were 96 cases. Among them, 41 attempters who were consulted to the psychiatrist were evaluated and observed in detail. The following results were obtained. 1. The rodenticide poisoning accounts for 37.2% of all toxic substance intoxication(total 266 cases) at Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 1983 to Aug. 1983. Among them, 96 cases(36.1%) of fluorcacetate intoxication were observed. 2. Female was affected 2.4 times more frequently than male. 35.5% of total cases belonged to age group 21∼30years, when incidence was most prevalent 3. As the route of drug obtainment, supplement were commonest(63.3%), purchase in 29.4%. 4. CNS disturbances such as drowsiness, stupor, semicoma and irritability were observed in 75.6% of the cases. Speech disturbances such as dysarthria, childish speech was observed in 9.8%of the cases. Convulsion(29.3%), tremor(12.2%) spasm and twitching(4.9%) were also frequently observed. Tachycardia was found in 43.8% of the cases and other frequent symptoms were nausea and vomiting(53.7%), abdominal pain(34.2%), mild or high fever(26.8%). Lower calcium(below 9mg) was found in 29.3% of the cases and lower potassium(below 3.5mEq) was found in 22.0% of the cases. EKG findings revealed QT prolongation(22.0%), ST-T change(22.0%) and u-wave, RBBB, and PVC(14.6%). 5. 92 cases(95.8%) recovered without sequelae and 4 cases(4.2%) expired.

열전달 특성에 따른 전기용해로 내부 온도예측에 관한 수치적 연구

한동식(Dong-Sik Han),전충환(Chung-Hwan Jeon),장영준(Young-June Chang),송주헌(Ju-Hun Song) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.5

The main objective of this study is to analyze the heat transfer characteristics in the electric furnace. Local temperatures are measured at various locations in the furnace using the B-type thermocouples. In this paper, mathematical heat transfer model has been developed predict temperature distribution by considering the thermal radiation and transient conduction effect on heating element, crucible and furnace walls. The numerical simulation was performed using the ANSYS-Workbench software, and its results were compared with experimental data. The computational results show that the temperature distributions agreed well with experimental results. Finally, a difference in temperature behavior of the crucible was investigated as some heat transfer parameters change.

HFCLM 추출기에 의한 Pt(IV) 이온의 분리에 관한 연구

李淮根,周昌植,黃龍一 釜山工業大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

The hollow fiber contained liquid membrane (HFCLM) permeator is a new device which is com-posed of a thin liquid membrane film contained in the interstices of two sets of intermingled micro-porous hollow fibers. HFCLM permeator has some concrete advantages over other conventional se-paration devices, besides two steps of the membrane separation processes, extraction and stripping, can be performed in a HFCLM permeator continuously. The separations of platinum chloide(Ⅳ) ion from hydrochloric acid soutions are carried out in the hydrophobic HFCLM permeator which contains Tri-n-octylamine(TOA) in xylene as a memb-rane liquid. The operational characteristics of a HFCLM permeator and the effects of operating pa-rameters on the separation rates were studied experimentally and some valuable results were ob-tained.

구속된 비행 청소년들의 석방 후 6개월 이내 재범의 예측요인

서동혁,정선주,손창호,김원식,고승희,함봉진,조성진,김영기,이중재 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.3

연구목적 : 본 연구는 범법행위로 인해 검참에 구속된 청소년들의 6개월 이내 재범여부를 예측할 수 있는 요인을 분석함으로써 재범의 가능성이 높은 청소년들을 조기에 선별하여 적절한 중재를 시행하기 위한 목적으로 시행되었다. 방 법 : 검찰에 구속된 후 교도소나 소년원에 수감되지 않고 석박된 남자 청소년 125명을 대상으로 하였다. 범죄기록 검토를 통해 사회인구학적, 범죄관련 변인들에 대해 조사하였고, 가족환경 및 부모양육태도, 정신병리, 성격장애, 도덕발달수준 등과 연관된 변인을 알아보기 위해, 부모-이동 갈등해결척도(CTSPC), 한국판 가정환경척도(FES), 한국형 부모양육행동척도, 간이정신진단검사(SCL-90-R), Beck 우울증척도, Beck 불안 척도, 한국판 청소년용 도덕발달수준 평가도구와 한국판 성격장애검사(PDQ-R)를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 전체 연구대상 125명 중 55명 (44%)이 석방 후 6개월 이내에 1회 이상의 재범을 행하였다. 재범군은 비재범군에 비해 구속당시 나이가 어리고, 신체적 학대력이 높았으며, 도덕발달수준이 낮고, SCL-90-R의 적대감척도점수가 높으며 PDQ-R의 반사회적 인격장애에 해당되는 경우가 많았다. 두 집단간 가족환경이나 부모양육태도에는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 재범군은 폭력범죄로 구속된 경우가 비재범군에 비해 적었고 첫 범죄시 연령이 어리고 전과가 있는 경우가 많았다. 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 재범에 대한 예측요인으로 첫 범죄당시 연령(오즈비=2.91), 반사회적 성격장애(오즈비=2.85), 신체적 학대력(오즈비=2.65)의 세 변인이 포함되었으며, 재범여부에 대한 판별력은 72.8%로 나타났다. 결 론 : 본 연구결과 구속된 청소년들의 재범률이 매우 높다는 사실과 범죄행위에 가담한 연령이 어릴수록, 반사회적 성격장애가 있고 성장과정 중 부모로부터 학대를 받은 경험이 있을수록 반복적인 범죄를 저지를 위험도가 높다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 향후 비행 청소년들의 재범을 예방하기 위해서는 이러한 특성을 가진 고위험군에 대한 조기개입 및 적응을 돕기 위한 프로그램의 개발이 중요할 것으로 사료된다. Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the factors predicting recidivism within 6months after release in arrested juvenile delinquents for proper screening and intervention of high-risk-subjects. Methods : The subjects consisted of 125 arrested male adolescents who were released after legal procedure in prosecutor office and court. The socio-demographic and crime-related characteristics. Were evaluated by police records, and the familial, psychopathology and personality characteristics, and the level of moral development measured by the Conflict Tactics Scale(CTS), Family Environment Scale(FES), Parental Behavioral Inventory, Symptom Checklist-90-Revised(SCL-90-R), Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Korean form of Moral Developmental Inventory for adolescents, and Personality Disorder Questionnaire-Revised(PDQ-R). Results : The recidivism rate within 6 months after release was 44% of the initial sample, Recidivists were younger and had higher scores on Anger-hostility scale of SCL-90-R and lower principle morality score than nonrecidivists. More recidivists had history of physical abuse and antisocial personality disorder on PDQ-R than nonrecidivists. They also showed the crime-related characteristics of lower percent of violence crime, higher incidence of previous conviction, younger age of the first crime. Among those variables, logistic regression showed that age of first crime, antisocial personality disorder, and history of physical abuse best predicted the recidivism within 6months after release. Conclusion : These results of present study suggest that the recidivism rate of arrested male adolescents is very high, and the age of first crime, antisocial personality disorder and history of physical abuse were key factors predicting recidivism. To prevent repeated crime of delinquent adolescents, the development of programs for those high-risk groups to help rehabilitation and adaptation in community would be essentil.

W/O 마이크로에멀젼에 의한 나노크기의 TiO₂/SiO₂ 합성에서 물/계면활성제의 몰 비(W_(0)) 영향 및 그 광분해 특성

이만식,주창식,이근대,홍성수 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.4

나노크기의 TiO₂/SiO₂입자는 음이온 계면활성제 AOT(sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate)를 사용하여 W/O 마이크로 에멀젼에서 TTIP(titanium isopropoxide)와 TEOS(tetraethylorthosilicate)의 가수분해 반응에 의해 제조하였다. 그때 TEOS의 몰분율은 0.1이였다. 나노입자 제조시 W_(0)(H₂O/AOT)비에 따른 열적안정성, 표면적, 결정성 및 결정크기 등과 같은 물리적 특성은 TEM, XRD, BET, FT-IR, TGA-DTA 등을 사용하여 분석하였다. 또한 광촉매적 특성을 알아보기 위해 회분식 반응장치를 이용하여 p-니트로페놀의 광분해 활성을 조사하였다. 제조된 Ti0₂/SiO₂ 나노입자는 열처리 온도 105℃, 300℃에서 비결정구조를 가졌으며, 소성온도 800℃에서는 Ti0₂ 결정입자 내에 무정형의 SiO₂로 인해 열적 안정성이 증가되었고, 여전히 anatase 결정을 유지하였다. 그리고 Ti0₂/SiO₂(90/10) 입자에서 SiO₂ 결정은 관찰되지 않았다. 제조된 촉매는 대체로 구형이며 아주 균일한 분포를 갖는 것으로 관찰되었다. W_(0) 비가 증가할수록 결정크기는 증가되었고, 표면적은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 p-니트로페놀에 대한 광분해 활성은 순수한 Ti0₂ 보다 Ti0₂/SiO₂(90/10) 촉매가 우수하였다. Nanosized TiO₂/SiO₂ particles were prepared by hydrolysis of TTIP (titanium isopropoxide) and TEOT (tetra-ethylorthosilicate) in sodium bis (₂-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) reverse micelles. The mole fraction of TEOS was 0.1. The physical properties, such as surface area. thermal stability, crystallite size and crystallinity according to W_(0), ratio have been investigated by TEM, XRD, BET, FT-IR, TGA and DTA. In addition. the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol has been studied by using batch reactor in order to compare the photocatalytic activity of prepared nanosized TiO₂/SiO₂, particles. It is shown that the XRD pattern of the particle heat treated at 105℃ and 300℃ indicates amorphous and the major phase of all the prepared particles were anatase structure. No significant rutile phase was observed although the calcination temperature at 800℃ and no peaks SiO₂ crystal were also observed for TiO₂/SiO₂ (90/10). The presence of amorphous SiO₂ in TiO₂/SiO₂ particle enhanced the thermal stability of TiOz particle resulting in the suppression of the phase transformation from anatase to rutile phase. The crystallite size of prepared particles decreased with decreasing W_(0) ratio. The surface area increased with decreasing W_(0) ratio. In addition, TiO₂/SiO₂ (90/10) particles shows higher photoactivity than that of pure TiO₂ particles.