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Hantaan virus nucleocapsid protein stimulates MDM2-dependent p53 degradation
Park, Sun-Whan,Han, Myung-Guk,Park, Chan,Ju, Young Ran,Ahn, Byung-Yoon,Ryou, Jungsang Society for General Microbiology 2013 The Journal of general virology Vol.94 No.11
<P>Apoptosis has been shown to be induced and downregulated by the Hantaan virus (HTNV) nucleocapsid (N) protein. To address these conflicting data, expression of the p53 protein, one of the key molecules involved in apoptosis, was assessed in the presence of the N protein in A549 and HeLa cells. The amount of p53, increased by drug treatment, was reduced when cells were infected with HTNV or transfected with an expression vector of the HTNV N protein. When cells were treated with a proteasome inhibitor (MG132) or an MDM2 antagonist (Nutlin-3), <I>p53</I> expression was not reduced in N protein-overexpressed cells. We concluded that the HTNV N protein ubiquitinates and degrades p53 MDM2-dependently. Here we report downregulation of p53 expression through a post-translational mechanism: MDM2-dependent ubiquitination and degradation by the HTNV N protein. These results indicate that N protein-dependent p53 degradation through the ubiquitin proteasome system is one of the anti-apoptotic mechanisms employed by HTNV.</P>
Park, Chan-Sun,Kim, Tae-Bum,Moon, Keun Ae,Bae, Yun-Jeong,Lee, Hee Ran,Jang, Min Kyoung,Moon, Hee-Bom,Cho, You Sook The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical 2010 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.2 No.1
<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P><I>Chlamydophila pneumoniae</I> infection in the airways is thought to be associated with the pathogenesis of asthma, especially in non-atopic severe asthma with irreversible airway obstruction that may be related to airway remodeling. Here, we investigated whether <I>C. pneumoniae</I> infection enhances the secretion of critical chemical mediators for airway remodeling, such as VEGF, TGF-β, and TIMP-1, in human bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) in a Th2-dominant microenvironment.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells) were infected with <I>C. pneumoniae</I> strain TW183 and cultured in both a Th1-dominant microenvironment with INF-γ and a Th2-dominant microenvironment with IL-4 or IL-13 added to the culture medium. The VEGF, TGF-β, and TIMP-1 levels in the culture supernatants were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The activation of NF-κB in each experimental condition was determined using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P><I>Chlamydophila pneumoniae</I>-infected BECs showed enhanced secretion of VEGF, TGF-β, and TIMP-1 compared with non-infected BECs. The levels of cytokines secreted from BECs were increased more when IL-13 was added to the culture medium. <I>C. pneumoniae</I>-infected BECs also showed increased NF-κB activation.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>These results suggest that <I>C. pneumoniae</I> plays a role in the pathogenesis of airway remodeling in asthma, revealing a Th2-dominant immune response. Further studies are required to clarify the precise mechanism of <I>C. pneumoniae</I> infection in airway remodeling.</P>
Analysis of Mineral Contents in Food for Revision of The Korean Food Composition Table
Chan Ho Jung,Yun Su Baek,Da Seul Kim,Jae Bong Choi,Joong Ki Lee,Ju Hyun Park,Hyun Jung Kim,Yang Eun Kim,Seong Ran Kang 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
Minerals, which are nutrients that make up the human body, perform an important role, such as forming the composition of tissues and controlling biological functions. This study was conducted to update the Korean Food Composition Table (KFCT) published by the Rural Development Administration (RDA). Sixty-five samples homogenized by freeze-drying were analyzed by Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) after pretreatment through microwave, and the calibration curve of each analysis element showed R²=0.999. Various minerals such as calcium, sodium, and potassium, and each element was analyzed in consideration of wavelength interference. Micro-mineral was analyzed through an radial view during analysis, and macro-mineral was analyzed through an axial view. The calcium, magnesium content of leafy vegetables were high in the sample (parsley, raw 149.34 mg/100 g, butterbur, raw 179.94 mg/100 g), and phosphorus content of livestock products were high in the sample(beef tripe, raw 1101.10 mg/100 g, beef liver, raw 527.48 mg/100 g). This study result is expected to contribute to the KFCT update.
Park Kawngwoo,Park Kwang Hyon,Park Hye Ran,Lee Jae Meen,Kim Yong Hwy,Kim Dong-Young,Won Tae-Bin,Kong Sung Hye,Kim Jung Hee,Shin Chan Soo,Paek Sun Ha 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.15
Background: Although long-term dopamine agonist (DA) therapy is recommended as a first-line treatment for prolactinoma, some patients may prefer surgical treatment because of the potential adverse effects of long-term medication, or the desire to become pregnant. This study aimed to determine whether surgical treatment of prolactinomas could be an alternative to DA therapy. Methods: In this retrospective study, 96 consecutive patients (74 female, 22 male) underwent primary pituitary surgery without long-term DA treatment for prolactinomas at a single institution from 1990 to 2010. All patients underwent primary surgical treatment in the microscopic transsphenoidal approach (TSA). Results: The median age and median follow-up period were 31 (16–73) years and 139.1 (12.2–319.6) months, respectively. An initial overall remission was accomplished in 47.9% (46 of 96 patients, 33 macroadenomas, and 13 microadenomas) of patients. DA dose reduction was achieved in all patients after TSA. A better remission rate was independently predicted by lower diagnostic prolactin levels and by a greater extent of surgical resection. Overall remission at the last follow-up was 33.3%, and the overall recurrence rate was 30.4%. The permanent complication rate was 3.1%, and there was no mortality. Conclusion: TSA can be considered a safe and potentially curative treatment for selective microprolactinomas as an alternative to treatment with a long-term DA.
Increased Incidence of Gastric Cancer in Renal Transplant Recipients
Park, Jae Myung,Choi, Myung-Gyu,Yang, Chul Woo,Jung, Chan Kwon,Lee, Suk Kyeong,Yoon, A-ran,Kim, Yong Soo,Chung, In-Sik Lippincott WilliamsWilkins, Inc. 2012 JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.46 No.10
OBJECTIVE:: The risk of malignancy after transplantation is regarded to be higher than in the general population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of gastric cancer in renal transplant recipients. METHODS:: A total of 820 renal transplantation recipients were invited for gastric cancer screening. Frequencies of gastric cancer in this cohort and in 10,080 asymptomatic subjects were compared. Cancer specimens were examined for Epstein-Barr virus by in situ hybridization. RESULTS:: A total of 509 recipients (mean age, 48.1±10.7 y; men, 56.8%) participated. Fifteen (2.9%) and 10 (0.1%) cases of adenocarcinoma were identified among recipients and controls, respectively (P<0.001; odds ratio, 30.58). Early gastric cancer was detected in 9 of the 15 recipients, and 4 of the 9 were treated by endoscopic resection. Recipient age was found to be a significant factor of gastric cancer development. In cancer tissues, Epstein-Barr virus was detected in 5 (33.3%) renal recipients and in 1 (10%) of the controls, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:: The frequency of gastric cancer was found to be higher in renal recipients than in controls. Gastric cancer screening should be considered after transplantation, because it would provide cure by minimally invasive treatment.
Park, Chung-Hwa,Kim, Hee Yeon,Lee, Sung Won,Song, Do Seon,Song, Myeong Jun,Kwon, Jung Hyun,You, Chan Ran,Jang, Jeong Won,Kim, Chang Wook,Choi, Sang Wook,Bae, Si Hyun,Choi, Jong Young,Yoon, Seung Kew Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. 2016 European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology Vol.28 No.10
<P>Background and aimsEntecavir (ETV) is a potent nucleoside analogue with high genetic barrier to resistance. In this study, real-life clinical experiences in the long-term use of ETV and the durability of its off-treatment effectiveness were analyzed.Materials and methodsThis study was based on a large real-life cohort of 2240 chronic hepatitis B patients treated with ETV between January 2006 and December 2012 using a centralized electronic data repository.ResultsAmong 2240 patients, 804 patients were treatment naive and underwent ETV monotherapy. Their mean treatment duration was 712493 days, with a cumulative proportion of patients achieving HBV DNA less than 300copies/ml in 85.8, 95.7, and 97.6% at years 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Predictors for earlier virologic response were female sex, lower HBV DNA, higher alanine transaminase, lower platelet count, and HBeAg negativity at baseline. In patients who achieved virologic response and HBeAg loss, the cumulative relapse rate was 91.3% in 2 years after the cessation of treatment. During the treatment, 34 patients developed hepatocellular carcinoma, among whom 30 patients had cirrhosis before treatment initiation. ETV treatment showed efficient virologic response as the treatment duration was extended, but off-treatment efficacy was not durable, and the antiviral treatment showed some limitation in preventing hepatocellular carcinoma among liver cirrhosis patients, implying that treatment cessation should be taken into consideration more carefully.ConclusionThis study from a real-life cohort may provide data on treating chronic hepatitis B patients more close to everyday clinical practice.</P>
Recovery from hepatitis A after Korean medicine-based treatment: a case report
Chan-Ran Park,Gayoung Lee,Chang-Gue Son,Jung-Hyo Cho,이남헌 한국한의학연구원 2019 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.8 No.4
Background: Many studies reported that Korean medicine (KM) is effective for treating liver disease, including hepatitis A. However, KM, specifically with herbal medicine (Chungganplus, CGP) has not been reported yet. We aimed to report a patient with hepatitis A who was treated with KM including CGP, acupuncture, and moxibustion for 12 days. Methods: A 39-year-old man with hepatitis A who was hospitalized for 12 days after being admitted to our hospital with abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting. We prescribed CGP three times a day, with acupuncture performed twice daily and moxibustion at conception vessel (CV)-12 once a day. Follow-up blood tests have been done 4 times during the admission in order to access the effect of the treatment. Results: In 12 days the symptoms had disappeared and the blood test results improved steadily. His AST level have declined from 1,189 IU/L to 44 IU/L, ALT from 2,423 IU/L to 127 IU/L, r-GTP from 1,347 IU/L to 339 IU/L, ALP from 384 IU/L to 205 IU/L, and total bilirubin from 3.6 mg/dL to 0.89 mg/dL. Conlcusion: This case suggests that KM-based treatment using CGP may be effective for hepatitis A with no adverse effect. Further research and clinical trial on CGP would be needed to make the basis more valid.
Geographic Analysis of Neurosurgery Workforce in Korea
Park, Hye Ran,Park, Sukh Que,Kim, Jae Hyun,Hwang, Jae Chan,Lee, Gwang Soo,Chang, Jae-Chil The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2018 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.61 No.1
Objective : In respect of the health and safety of the public, universal access to health care is an issue of the greatest importance. The geographic distribution of doctors is one of the important factors contributing to access to health care. The aim of this study is to assess the imbalances in the geographic distribution of neurosurgeons across Korea. Methods : Population data was obtained from the National Statistical Office. We classified geographic groups into 7 metropolitan cities, 78 non-metropolitan cities, and 77 rural areas. The number of doctors and neurosurgeons per 100000 populations in each county unit was calculated using the total number of doctors and neurosurgeons at the country level from 2009 to 2015. The density levels of neurosurgeon and doctor were calculated and depicted in maps. Results : Between 2009 and 2015, the number of neurosurgeons increased from 2002 to 2557, and the ratio of neurosurgeons per 100000 populations increased from 4.02 to 4.96. The number of neurosurgeons per 100000 populations was highest in metropolitan cities and lowest in rural areas from 2009 to 2015. A comparison of the geographic distribution of neurosurgeons in 2009 and 2015 showed an increase in the regional gap. The neurosurgeon density was affected by country unit characteristics (p=0.000). Conclusion : Distribution of neurosurgeons throughout Korea is uneven. Neurosurgeons are being increasingly concentrated in a limited number of metropolitan cities. This phenomenon will need to be accounted when planning for a supply of neurosurgeons, allocation of resources and manpower, and the provision of regional neurosurgical services.