Evaluation of Polyvoltine Hybrids Based on Silk Productivity in Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

( C. G. P. Rao ),( Chandrashekaraiah ),( C. Ramesh ),( K. Ibrahim Basha ),( S. V. Seshagiri ),( H. Nagaraju ) 한국잠사학회 2007 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.8 No.2

Polyvoltine silkworm breeds/hybrids play an important role in tropical sericulture. In the process of synthesizing more potential polyvoltine hybrids (polyvoltine×bivoltine) of superior quantity and quality, the Andhra Pradesh State Sericulture Research and Development Institute (APSSRDI) has developed 8 promising polyvoltine breeding lines (SDMG2, APM16, APM15, APM14, APM5, RM2, APM3, APM13). In order to study their hybrid vigour and performance, these breeds were crossed with 4 potential bivoltine testers (SDD1, SDD2, SDD3, APS8), and 32 different hybrid combinations were prepared and evaluated for their mid parent heterosis (MPH) and better parent heterosis (BPH) of silk productivity. Since silk is the ultimate product required for commercial purpose, based on silk productivity and its heterosis, three superior polyvoltine hybrid combinations namely RM2×APS8 (24.3%), APM3×APS8 (12.4%) and APM15×SDD2 (10.8%) were adjudicated as potential heterotic hybrid combinations of superior silk yield and hence recommended for further large scale field trails and commercial exploitation.

Evaluation of Polyvoltine Hybrids Based on Silk Productivity in Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

C. G. P. Rao,Chandrashekaraiah,C. Ramesh,K. Ibrahim Basha,S. V. Seshagiri,H. Nagaraju 한국잠사학회 2004 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.8 No.2

Polyvoltine silkworm breeds/hybrids play an important role in tropical sericulture. In the process of synthesizing more potential polyvoltine hybrids (polyvoltine ´ bivoltine) of superior quantity and quality, the Andhra Pradesh State Sericulture Research and Development Institute (APSSRDI) has developed 8 promising polyvoltine breeding lines (SDMG2, APM16, APM15, APM14, APM5, RM2, APM3, APM13). In order to study their hybrid vigour and performance, these breeds were crossed with 4 potential bivoltine testers (SDD1, SDD2, SDD3, APS8), and 32 different hybrid combinations were prepared and evaluated for their mid parent heterosis (MPH) and better parent heterosis (BPH) of silk productivity. Since silk is the ultimate product required for commercial purpose, based on silk productivity and its heterosis, three superior polyvoltine hybrid combinations namely RM2 ´ APS8 (24.3%), APM3 ´ APS8 (12.4%) and APM15 ´ SDD2 (10.8%) were adjudicated as potential heterotic hybrid combinations of superior silk yield and hence recommended for further large scale field trails and commercial exploitation.

Identification of Superior Polyvoltine Hybrids (polyvoltine x bivoltine), of Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

C. G. P. Rao,Chandrashekharaiah,K. Ibrahim Basha,S. V. Seshagiri,C. Ramesh,H. Nagaraju 한국잠사학회 2004 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.8 No.1

Ten promising polyvoltine mulberry silkworm strains (SDMG1, SDMG2, SDMG3, SDMG4, SDMW1, SDMW2, RMW1, RMW2, RMW3 and RMW4) that are superior in quantitative and qualitative traits have been synthesized in the polyvoltine breeding laboratory of Andhra Pradesh State Sericulture Research & Development Institute, Hindupur through systematic hybridization and appropriate selection methods. After the genotypes were found homozygous for the desired traits, they have been crossed with 3 bivoltine testers (APS8, APS4 and NB4D2) and thirty new hybrid combinations were developed for the assessment of their hybrid performance. Phenotypic expressions of economically important quantitative and qualitative traits of fist filial generation were measured and subjected for statistical analysis. Evaluation Index and Subordinate Function methods were employed for the assessment of hybrid performance since they are widely used in silkworm hybrid evaluation. Total of seven poly ´ bivoltine combinations, which ranked high in both the methods, were selected as potential combinations for further field test. These combinations also ranked significantly higher than the control hybrid (APM1 ´ APS8).

Selective design of binder-free hierarchical nickel molybdenum sulfide as a novel battery-type material for hybrid supercapacitors

Manikandan, Ramu,Raj, C. Justin,Nagaraju, Goli,Pyo, Myoungho,Kim, Byung Chul The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.7 No.44

<P>Recently, binder-free and hierarchical electrode materials have attracted special attention for the rational design of high-energy density hybrid supercapacitors. Herein, we demonstrated binder-free nickel molybdenum sulfide nano-flakes on nickel foam (NMS-Ni) using a facile successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) process for the fabrication of high-performance hybrid supercapacitors. The selective SILAR cycles had a significant effect on the morphology and electrochemical properties of the NMS nanostructures. Specifically, the NMS deposited for 40 cycles (40cyc@NMS-Ni) displayed the maximum areal capacity (<I>C</I>Ac) of 2.8 C cm<SUP>−2</SUP> (2224 C g<SUP>−1</SUP>) at the current density 4 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> in a 6 M KOH electrolyte. Furthermore, a hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) was fabricated using 40cyc@NMS-Ni as the positive electrode and N,O-enriched activated carbon (N,O-AC)-coated Ni-foam as the negative electrode, which showed the maximum potential and specific capacitance (<I>C</I>F-cell) of 1.5 V and 111 F g<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. Moreover, the device displayed an outstanding specific energy and specific power of 35 W h kg<SUP>−1</SUP> and 1.5 kW kg<SUP>−1</SUP> with an excellent capacitance retention (95%) after 5000 cycles, respectively. Thus, based on the observed results, it can be concluded that the present study demonstrates a route to utilize NMS-based electrodes as a promising material for high-performance energy storage devices.</P>

High performance of TiO2/CdS quantum dot sensitized solar cells with a Cu-ZnS passivation layer

Lee, Y. S.,Gopi, C. V.,EswarReddy, A.,Nagaraju, C.,Kim, H. J. CNRS 2017 NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY Vol.41 No.5

<P>The Cu-ZnS passivation layer is considered to be far more efficient than the most widely used ZnS passivation layer in terms of enhancement of light harvesting and suppression of surface charge recombination. As a result, a TiO2/CdS/Cu-ZnS quantum dot sensitized solar cell (QDSSC) exhibits a greatly improved efficiency of 3.35%, which is 30% and 82% higher than that of TiO2/CdS/ZnS and TiO2/CdS based QDSSCs, respectively.</P>

Surface Properties and the Catalytic Activity of Amorphous Iron Aluminophosphates: Effect of Fe Loading

Vijayasankar, A.V.,Aniz, C.U.,Nagaraju, N. Korean Chemical Society 2010 대한화학회지 Vol.54 No.1

다양한 철 원소의 조성을 갖는 인산알루미늄 철을 합성하여 표면 성질과 벌크 성질을 조사하였다. 벤질 알코올과 디에틸 말론산의 transesterification반응에 의해 촉매 특성을 결정 하였다. 에틸 벤질 말론산과 디벤질 말론산을 유일한 생성물로 얻었다. 철 성분이 0.025 몰 퍼센트인 FeAlP의 경우에 특이한 촉매 특성과 조직상의 특성이 나타난다. 디에스터의 형성은 중간 정도 크기의 산성 자리에서 이루어진다. 물질 안에 수화된 알루미나와 polycondensed인산이 존재할 경우에는 에스터교환 반응에서 인산 알루미늄 철의 촉매 특성이 감소하게 된다. Iron aluminophosphates (FeAlP) with different percentage of iron were synthesized and characterized for their surface and bulk properties. The catalytic activity was determined in the transesterification of diethyl malonate with benzyl alcohol. Benzyl ethylmalonate and dibenzyl malonate were obtained as the only products. FeAlP with 0.025 mole % of iron was found to be distinctly different in its textural and catalytic properties. Formation of diester was found to be favored by the acid sites of intermediate strength. The presence of hydrated alumina and the polycondensed phosphates in the materials reduced the catalytic activity of iron aluminophosphates in transesterification reaction.

Evaluation of Upper Tropospheric Humidity in WRF Model during Indian Summer Monsoon

Attada Raju,Prashant Kumar,Anant Parekh,K. Ravi Kumar,C. Nagaraju,J. S. Chowdary,D. Nagarjuna Rao 한국기상학회 2019 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.55 No.4

In this work, we evaluate the upper tropospherichumidity (UTH) in a regional atmospheric model in conjunction with remote sensing observations and reanalysis products during the Indian summer monsoon (ISM). We performed continuous Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model simulations from 1st May to 1st October for every year during 2001 to 2011 at 45 km spatial resolution. The maximum UTH zones viz. Bay of Bengal, and central and north-east Indian regions are well represented inWRF model when compared to the satellite observations and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) interim reanalysis (ERAI) during ISM season. Analyses found that ERAI exhibits higher magnitudes of UTH over the ISM region compared to that of satellite observations (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder:AIRS) andWRF. In terms of spatial distribution, WRF is in close agreement with satellite observations as compared to ERAI, is further supported by the pattern correlation coefficients. In addition to that, our analysis suggested that WRF model could simulate the seasonal evolution of the northward movement of maximum UTH band as in AIRS and ERAI. However, UTH variability over the equatorial Indian Ocean and western north Pacific (north of Madagascar region) is underestimated (overestimated) in the WRF model compared to the observations. Nevertheless, the model is able to represent high (low) UTH over the north Indian Ocean region during active (break) period, unable to capture the northward propagation of UTH well. This indicates that the model has considerable discrepancies in simulating UTH over the deep convective monsoon region during the ISM season. It is suggested that in order to improve the UTH representation in the model over the ISM region, it is essential to reduce biases over the equatorial and southern tropical regions. Thus, this study emphasized the variations in UTH at different time scales during monsoon season along with the credibility of remote sensing observations in WRF model.