Code-Switching and Accents in Diasporic Multiethnic Literature in Min-Jin Lee’s Free Food for Millionaires and Lisa See’s The Island of Sea Women

Set-Byul Moon(Set-Byul Moon) 건국대학교 아시아·디아스포라 연구소 2023 International Journal of Diaspora&Cultural Critici Vol.13 No.1

This article examines the literary representation of codeswitching and various accents between Korean and English in two minority women writers’ fictional territory portraying Korean American characters. Min-Jin Lee’s Free Food for Millionaires and Lisa See’s The Island of Sea Women center around the lives of Korean American women who speak English as a primary language and Korean as a home language or heritage language. The characters’ idea of Korea and “Koreanness” mostly manifests in their identity formation, rather than in their linguistic proficiency or a sense of belonging. Heavily related to the language proficiency and identity of Koreanness, the Korean American protagonists alternate between the languages and accents in linguistic repertoire deeply rooted in sociocultural practices that reflect the concept of diaspora and one’s diasporic identity. Their strategic code-switching signifies how one’s diasporic, immigrant identity affects one’s choice of speech that meticulously synthesizes social values, cultural norms, and ethnic/racial belief systems not only emblematic of mainstream American society but also of a minority community as well.

Exhaustivity, Genericity and vP-external Subjects

Han-byul Chung 한국생성문법학회 2017 생성문법연구 Vol.27 No.3

Chung, Han-byul. 2017. Exhaustivity, Genericity and vP-external Subjects. Studies in Generative Grammar. 27-3, 591-610. The source of exhaustivity observed in some i/ka-marked DPs in Korean has been a point of controversy among linguists (Schütze 1996, Yoon 2004, Choi 2005, among others). In this paper, I argue that the exhaustivity is a result of movement to a functional projection outside of the vP, presumably to [Spec, FP] (cf. Kiss 1998). The proposed movement is mostly not visible at the surface, due to Korean being a head-final language. However, subjects located outside of the vP show difference in their behaviors with regards to genericity and presuppositionality (Diesing 1992), and those behaviors are observed in exhaustive i/ka-marked DPs, but not in non-exhaustive i/ka-marked DPs. That exhaustivity in Korean is attained via movement is in accordance with observation made by Kiss (1998) that identificational focus in English and German are attained via movement.

Photo protective effect of Coumarine on UVB stressed human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells

Byul-Nim AHN,Jung-Ae KIM,Chang-Suk KONG,Se-Kwon KIM 한국생물공학회 2012 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.4

Induction apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest by non-thermal plasma in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line

( Byul Bo Ra Choi ),( Gyoo Cheon Kim ) 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2017 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.41 No.4

Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor that develops in the osteoblast cells that form the outer covering of bone. It is the most frequent malignant bone tumor found at 10-14 years and at >65 years of age. Atmospheric pressure plasma has advantages of high density and rich chemical agents without elevation of the substrate temperature. These non-equilibrium characteristics show promising applications in the biomedical field, opening a new research area called “Plasma Medicine”, which includes sterilization, coagulation, wound healing, and cancer treatment. However, the mechanism of apoptosis caused by plasma treatment in osteosarcoma is not well understood. In this study, the researchers show that microwave plasma causes selective cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells in vitro. An inhabitation of cell growth of microwave plasma showed that this plasma has selective cytotoxic effects on MG-63 cells in comparison to hFOB 1.19 cells. Also, the resesearchers observed that microwave plasma treatmenst significantly showed disruption and aggregation of F-actin. The results demonstrated that treatment of MG-63 cells with microwave plasma induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, using flow cytometry and western blot assay. To detect PARP and DFF-45 cleavage or a decrease as a result of caspase-3 activation, MG-63 cells were treated either with various times of microwave plasma. The research studies demonstrated that microwave plasma induced G2/M cell phase arrest and triggered apoptosis.

Effects of functional training on strength, function level, and quality of life of persons in intensive care units

Byul Seo,신원섭 물리치료재활과학회 2019 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.8 No.3

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise therapy and bedside ergometer exercise on muscle strength, function level, and quality of life of persons in intensive care. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Methods: Sixteen patients in the ICU were randomly assigned to either the exercise group (n=8) or the bedside cycle ergometer group (n=8). Activities in the ICU exercise group (rolling, sitting at the edge of the bed, transfer from sitting to standing, standing balance training, ambulation) and bedside cycle ergometer group were performed 5 times a week for 30 minutes during the ICU admission period. Medical Research Council (MRC) and Functional Status Scale-Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) parameters were assessed at the time of admission to the ICU, and reevaluation was assessed on the day of ICU discharge. The Short Form-36 (SF-36) was assessed at the time of discharge from the ICU. Results: MRC and FSS-ICU were significantly increased before and after intervention in both the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between MRC and FSS-ICU in the comparison of the changes before and after the intervention (p<0.05). SF-36 was compared between groups after intervention and there was a significant difference between the experimental and the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Muscle strength and functional levels improved after intervention in both the experimental and control groups. The ICU exercise group was more effective than the bedside cycle ergometer group to improve muscle strength, functional level, and quality of life performance of persons in the ICU.

Eyewear and Lens Case using Animal Form

Byul Kim(김별) 한국디자인학회 2019 한국디자인학회 국제초대전도록 Vol.2019 No.11

Protective effect of Corydalis heterocarpa on UVB-induced keratinocyte damage

Byul-Nim AHN,Jung-Ae KIM,Chang-Suk KONG,Youngwan SEO,Se-Kwon KIM 한국생물공학회 2011 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.4

Mathematical Model for Tsutsugamishi Transmission and Control Strategy of Tsutsugamishi

Byul Nim Kim,Yasuhisa Saito,Yongkuk Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.05

Tsutsugamushi disease, caused by a rickettsial bacteria known as Oriental tsutsugamushi, is one of the most febrile illnesses occurring throughout Korea during fall. O.tsutsugamushi is transmitted by the bite of infected, immature mites of the genus Leptotrombidium. The mites have four-stage life cycles : egg, larva, nymph, and adult. The larva is the only stage that can transmit the disease to humans and other vertebrates, since the other life stages do not feed on the host. During the process of obtaining a blood meal, they may either acquire the infection from the host or transmit the rickettiae to the other rodents or humans. The model can be divided the life cycle of mite into 2 stages : Larva and Adult. And the larva stage can be subdivided according to the phase of activity : questing and feeding. Mites enter either the susceptible questing larvae or infectious questing larvae through birth. When the larva bites an infectious hosts, then the larva moves from the susceptible questing to the infectious feeding class with some probability. On the other hand, hosts also enter the susceptible class through birth. And when an infectious larva bites a susceptible host, then the host enters the infectious class with some probability. In this talk, we introduce our mathematical model for the tsutsugamushi disease, and show the existence and stability condition of the disease-free equilibrium, which is a kind of threshold for the tsutsugamushi disease transmission, and also define the basic reproduction ratio R0. And we discuss about R0 related to all parameters.

외국인직접투자가 기술진보에 미치는 영향 분석: 인도네시아 상장 제조기업을 대상으로

( Byul Ah Yoon ),( Sung Jin Kang ) 한국국제경제학회 2013 국제경제연구 Vol.19 No.4

본 연구는 1991~2005년 기간의 인도네시아 상장 제조기업의 패널자료를 이용하여 FDI가 기업의 생산성에 미치는 영향을 외국인투자기업의 기술이전 효과를 중심으로 실증분석 하였다. 확률적 생산변경(SPF)모형을 적용한 실증분석 결과를 보면, 외국인지분율이 기술진보율에 유의한 양(+)의 값을 나타냄으로써 외국인투자기업의 기술이전 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 하지만 기술진보율은 자본집약적일수록 하락했는데 이는 기술이전이 노동집약적 산업을 중심으로 진행되었음을 시사한다. 이처럼 표준화된 기술의 노동집약적 산업을 중심으로 기술이전이 이루어지는 경우 선진기술의 습득과 같은 효과를 기대하기 어렵다. 따라서 FDI 유입을 통하여 숙련된 인적자원을 확보하고 고부가가치 산업의 경쟁력을 제고하기 위해서는 이에 상응하는 정부의 정책적 노력이 요구된다. This study analyzes the technological transfer effect of FDI on the Indonesia`s listed manufacturing companies from 1991 to 2005. For the purpose of the empirical analysis, we uses a stochastic production frontier model. According to the empirical analysis, the technological transfer effect of FDI is positive and significant. However the more capital-intensive is, the lower the rate of technical change is, which means that the technological transfer was accomplished at large by labor-intensive industry. When technological transfer takes place mainly in the labor-intensive industry with standardized technology, it is hard to gain a positive effect such as acquiring an advanced technology. Therefore government`s policy is required to enhance the country`s competitiveness in the high value-added industry and to train skilled human resources through the FDI.

Anatomical Changes and Anthocyanin Contents of the Exocarp by Ethyl Oleate Treatment on ‘Merlot’ Grapes

Byul-Ha-Na Lee(이별하나),Yong-Hee Kwon(권용희),Kyoung-Hee Shin(신경희),Hee-Seung Park(박희승) 한국원예학회 2010 원예과학기술지 Vol.28 No.3

‘Merlot’ 포도 품종의 수확전 ethyl oleate 처리는 외표피와 아표피의 두께를 감소시키며 착색을 현저히 향상시킨다. 무처리구의 과피 두께는 126-189㎛인데 반하여 처리 과실의 과피두께는 90-107㎛로 조사되었으며, 이러한 외표피와 아표피층의 두께 감소는 처리 후 외표피와 아표피를 구성하는 세포의 빠른 노화에 의하여 세포가 죽거나 탈수가 나타나기 때문인 것으로 조사되었다. 처리 후에 빠르게 과피 표면의 왁스층이 녹은 듯한 형태를 보이며 이는 착색을 증진시키는 것으로 관찰되었으며, 전체적인 안토시아닌 함량 역시 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다. 반면에 각각의 안토시아닌 함량에 있어서는 메톡시기와 결합하거나 유기산과 결합한 안토시아닌이 증가한 반면 수산기와 결합한 안토시아닌은 감소하는 경향이었다. Preharvest treatment with 4% ethyl oleate on ‘Merlot’ (Vitis vinifera L.) grape reduced the thickness of the epidermal and hypodermal layers with significantly enhanced pigmentation. Thickness of the skin in treated berries was 90-107 ㎛, whereas those in control berries were 126-189 ㎛. Decreases in the thickness of epidermal and hypodermal cell layers seemed to be due to cellular death or dehydration by rapid senescence after the treatment. Immediate change observed in treated berries was the deformation of the wax that appeared melted resulting in color improvement. Total anthocyanin was also increased by ethyl oleate treatment. Separate forms of anthocyanins, acylated and methoxylated anthocyanins increased, whereas hydroxylated anthocyanins tended to decrease.