Proliferation Down Under: Turning Australia’s Atoms for Peace into Weapons for War

Broderick, Mick 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 2014 Asian Journal of Peacebuilding Vol.2 No.1

The history of Australia’s attempts to acquire a nuclear deterrent capacity transpired both within and outside the spirit of the international Atoms for Peace program. While this article reprises a range of scholarship to provide a historical overview, it provides for the first time a level of detail not previously disclosed concerning the mechanisms, costs, and approaches of successive Australian governments in their estimations of obtaining an indigenous nuclear capacity. One such revelation concerns Australia’s “back-door” acquisition option by hosting Peaceful Nuclear Explosions, ostensibly for civil engineering purposes, and their provision of preassembled thermonuclear technologies and devices. During the international and bilateral negotiations for the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Australia was deeply concerned that the draft Treaty would limit or deny this option.

Proliferation Down Under: Turning Australia`s Atoms for Peace into Weapons for War

( Mick Broderick ) 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 2014 Asian Journal of Peacebuilding Vol.2 No.1

The history of Australia`s attempts to acquire a nuclear deterrent capacity transpired both within and outside the spirit of the international Atoms for Peace program. While this article reprises a range of scholarship to provide a historical overview, it provides for the first time a level of detail not previously disclosed concerning the mechanisms, costs, and approaches of successive Australian governments in their estimations of obtaining an indigenous nuclear capacity. One such revelation concerns Australia`s “back-door” acquisition option by hosting Peaceful Nuclear Explosions, ostensibly for civil engineering purposes, and their provision of preassembled thermonuclear technologies and devices. During the international and bilateral negotiations for the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Australia was deeply concerned that the draft Treaty would limit or deny this option.

The Development of motor planning processes: Suggested implications for the teaching of handwriting Skills

Pia Broderick 한국교육심리학회 1991 敎育心理硏究 Vol.5 No.1

Moment-Rotation Response of Flush End-Plate Joints Under Cyclic Loadi

B. M. Broderick,A. W. Thomson 한국강구조학회 2005 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.5 No.5

investigated, and a model to predict their moment-rotation response is presented. Flush end-plate joints are advocated for usein the wind-moment design method in the United Kingdom, and considerable design guidance is available for their applicationto steel building frames. In order to ensure a ductile response, careful selection of design details, such as end-plate thickness,bolt size and spacing amongst others, is necessary. However, most previous research has concentrated on the monotonic, ratherdesigned with various end-plate thickneses, column sizes and bolt properties under both monotonic and cyclic loadingconditions. The results from these tests are discussed in terms of initial stiffness, rotation capacity and yield and ultimatemoment resistance: all important earthquake resistant design parameters. Based on these experimental results, a proposed modelto predict the nonlinear moment-rotation response of flush end-plates is presented. The model employs moment-curvaturentothe moment-rotation curve for the joint, including for the effects of column web deformations. Calculated moment-rotationrelationships are compared to the experimental results and design characteristics. The proposed model is shown to give betterpredictions for joints employing thiner end-plates and to display much better agreement with the initial stiffness and momentcapacity of the test specimens than is observed with the Eurocode 3 design method. The model outputs are suitable forapplication to the increasingly important pushover analysis method of seismic assessment.

Feeding Obese Diabetic Mice a Genistein Diet Induces Thermogenic and Metabolic Change

Schuyler Rockwood,Tom L. Broderick,Layla Al-Nakkash 한국식품영양과학회 2018 Journal of medicinal food Vol.21 No.4

Obesity is associated with elevated plasma levels of glucocorticoids and reduced levels of thyroid hormones, both known to effect food intake and energy expenditure. Furthermore, tissue specific glucocorticoid metabolism is altered in obesity, increasing insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk. The goal of this study was to examine whether these metabolic disturbances can be prevented with the isoflavone genistein in the ob/ob mouse, a model that resembles the phenotype in human obesity. Male ob/ob mice, aged 5 weeks, were fed either a genistein-rich diet (600 mg/kg) or a genistein-free diet for 4 weeks. ob/ob mice weighed 70% more than lean controls. While there was no effect of genistein on body weight, food consumption during weeks 3 and 4 was significantly increased in genistein-fed mice. This was associated with increases in body temperature and plasma levels of triiodothyronine (T3), suggesting a thermogenic effect. The hypercorticosteronism observed in the ob/ob mouse was reduced with genistein treatment. This effect was accompanied by a decrease in protein expression of renal 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) without changes in hepatic 11β-HSD1. Our results suggest that a diet containing genistein can have beneficial effects on energy expenditure, T3 production, and corticosterone status in the ob/ob mouse model of obesity.

A study on detailing gusset plate and bracing members in concentrically braced frame structures

Hassan, M.S.,Salawdeh, S.,Hunt, A.,Broderick, B.M.,Goggins, J. Techno-Press 2018 Advances in computational design Vol.3 No.3

Conventional seismic design of concentrically braced frame (CBF) structures suggests that the gusset plate connecting a steel brace to beams and/or columns should be designed as non-dissipative in earthquakes, while the steel brace members should be designed as dissipative elements. These design intentions lead to thicker and larger gusset plates in design on one hand and a potentially under-rated contribution of gusset plates in design, on the other hand. In contrast, research has shown that compact and thinner gusset plates designed in accordance with the elliptical clearance method rather than the conventional standard linear clearance method can enhance system ductility and energy dissipation capacity in concentrically braced steel frames. In order to assess the two design methods, six cyclic push-over tests on full scale models of concentric braced steel frame structures were conducted. Furthermore, a 3D finite element (FE) shell model, incorporating state-of-the-art tools and techniques in numerical simulation, was developed that successfully replicates the response of gusset plate and bracing members under fully reversed cyclic axial loading. Direct measurements from strain gauges applied to the physical models were used primarily to validate FE models, while comparisons of hysteresis load-displacement loops from physical and numerical models were used to highlight the overall performance of the FE models. The study shows the two design methods attain structural response as per the design intentions; however, the elliptical clearance method has a superiority over the standard linear method as a fact of improving detailing of the gusset plates, enhancing resisting capacity and improving deformability of a CBF structure. Considerations were proposed for improvement of guidelines for detailing gusset plates and bracing members in CBF structures.

Low- Versus Standard-Dose Alteplase in Patients on Prior Antiplatelet Therapy : The ENCHANTED Trial (Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study)

Robinson, Thompson G.,Wang, Xia,Arima, Hisatomi,Bath, Philip M.,Billot, Laurent,Broderick, Joseph P.,Demchuk, Andrew M.,Donnan, Geoffery A.,Kim, Jong S.,Lavados, Pablo M.,Lee, Tsong-Hai,Lindley, Richa American Heart Association, Inc. 2017 Stroke Vol.48 No.7

<P>Conclusions-Low-dose alteplase may improve outcomes in thrombolysis-treated acute ischemic stroke patients on prior APT, but this requires further evaluation in a randomized controlled trial.</P>

PERSISTENT ASYMMETRIC STRUCTURE OF SAGITTARIUS A* ON EVENT HORIZON SCALES

Fish, Vincent L.,Johnson, Michael D.,Doeleman, Sheperd S.,Broderick, Avery E.,Psaltis, Dimitrios,Lu, Ru-Sen,Akiyama, Kazunori,Alef, Walter,Algaba, Juan Carlos,Asada, Keiichi,Beaudoin, Christopher,Bert American Astronomical Society 2016 The Astrophysical journal Vol.820 No.2

<P>The Galactic Center black hole Sagittarius. A* (Sgr A*) is a prime observing target for the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), which can resolve the 1.3 mm emission from this source on angular scales comparable to that of the general relativistic shadow. Previous EHT observations have used visibility amplitudes to infer the morphology of the millimeter-wavelength emission. Potentially much richer source information is contained in the phases. We report on 1.3 mm phase information on Sgr. A* obtained with the EHT on a total of 13 observing nights over four years. Closure phases, which are the sum of visibility phases along a closed triangle of interferometer baselines, are used because they are robust against phase corruptions introduced by instrumentation and the rapidly variable atmosphere. The median closure phase on a triangle including telescopes in California, Hawaii, and Arizona is nonzero. This result conclusively demonstrates that the millimeter emission is asymmetric on scales of a few Schwarzschild radii and can be used to break 180 degrees rotational ambiguities inherent from amplitude data alone. The stability of the sign of the closure phase over most observing nights indicates persistent asymmetry in the image of Sgr. A* that is not obscured by refraction due to interstellar electrons along the line of sight.</P>

Genistein Induces Estrogen-Like Effects in Ovariectomized Rats but Fails to Increase Cardiac GLUT4 and Oxidative Stress

Layla Al-Nakkash,Brandon Markus,Lyn Batia,Walter C. Prozialeck,Tom L. Broderick 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.6

This study aimed to determine whether a 2-week genistein treatment induced estrogen-like effects in ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague-Dawley rats, after 2 weeks of subcutaneous genistein injections (250mg/kg of body weight/day). Uterine weight, uterine-to-body weight ratio, femur weight, and femur-to-body weight ratio were all significantly increased with genistein in OVX rats. Body weight was significantly decreased with genistein in OVX rats. Genistein had no effect on the weights of heart, heart-to-body ratio, and fat pad but significantly decreased heart rate and pulse pressure. Genistein had no effect on cardiac GLUT4 protein, oxidative stress, plasma glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, or low-density lipoprotein levels; however, plasma insulin levels were significantly increased. Our results show that a 2-week genistein treatment produced favorable estrogen-like effects on some physical and physiological characteristics in OVX rats. However, based on our experimental conditions, the effects of genistein were not associated with changes in cardiac GLUT4 or oxidative stress.

230 GHz VLBI OBSERVATIONS OF M87: EVENT‐HORIZON‐SCALE STRUCTURE DURING AN ENHANCED VERY‐HIGH‐ENERGY $\gamma $‐RAY STATE IN 2012

Akiyama, Kazunori,Lu, Ru-Sen,Fish, Vincent L.,Doeleman, Sheperd S.,Broderick, Avery E.,Dexter, Jason,Hada, Kazuhiro,Kino, Motoki,Nagai, Hiroshi,Honma, Mareki,Johnson, Michael D.,Algaba, Juan C.,Asada, IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.807 No.2

<P>We report on 230 GHz (1.3 mm) very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of M87 with the Event Horizon Telescope using antennas on Mauna Kea in Hawaii, Mt. Graham in Arizona, and Cedar Flat in California. For the first time, we have acquired 230 GHz VLBI interferometric phase information on M87 through measurement of the closure phase on the triangle of long baselines. Most of the measured closure phases are consistent with 0 degrees as expected by physically motivated models for 230 GHz structure such as jet models and accretion disk models. The brightness temperature of the event-horizon-scale structure is similar to 1 x 10(10) K derived from the compact flux density of similar to 1 Jy and the angular size of similar to 40 mu as similar to 5.5 R-s, which is broadly consistent with the peak brightness of the radio cores at 1-86 GHz located within similar to 10(2) R-s. Our observations occurred in the middle of an enhancement in very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray flux, presumably originating in the vicinity of the central black hole. Our measurements, combined with results of multi-wavelength observations, favor a scenario in which the VHE region has an extended size of similar to 20-60 R-s.</P>