Effects of the Agaricus bisporus stem residue on performance, nutrients digestibility and antioxidant activity of laying hens and its effects on egg storage

Yang, Bowen,Zhao, Guoxian,Wang, Lin,Liu, Shujing,Tang, Jie Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.2

Objective: The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of the Agaricus bisporus stem residue (ABSR) on the performance, nutrients digestibility, antioxidant activity of laying hens, and its effects on egg storage to determine the appropriate dosage of ABSR, so as to provide a scientific basis for the effective utilization of ABSR. Methods: A total of 384 53-wk-old Nongda III layers were randomly divided into six treatments, four replicates in each treatment and 16 birds in each replicate. The control treatment was fed with basic diet, while experimental treatments were fed with diets of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% ABSR respectively. The experimental period was 56 d. Results: The results showed that compared with the control treatment, ABSR had no significant effect on laying performance (p>0.05). The crude protein and total energy digestibility of experimental treatments was significantly higher than those of control treatment (p<0.05). When eggs were stored for 1 wk, 2 wk, and 3 wk at 25℃, there were no significant differences in egg storage between the experimental treatments and the control treatment (p>0.05). The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the serum of the experimental treatments were significantly higher than those of the control treatment (p<0.05), and the malonaldehyde (MDA) content did not change dramatically. SOD activity in yolk of experimental treatments was significantly higher than that in control treatment (p<0.05); MDA content in yolk was markedly lower than that in control treatment (p<0.05). The activity of GSH-Px and SOD in yolk of experimental treatments was significantly higher than that of control treatment stored at 25℃ for 21 d, and the content of MDA was significantly lower than that of control treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: ABSR can be used to improve the antioxidant activity of laying hens without affecting laying performance.

Service life prediction of chloride-corrosive concrete under fatigue load

Yang, Tao,Guan, Bowen,Liu, Guoqiang,Li, Jing,Pan, Yuanyuan,Jia, Yanshun,Zhao, Yongli Techno-Press 2019 Advances in concrete construction Vol.8 No.1

Chloride corrosion has become the main factor of reducing the service life of reinforced concrete structures. The object of this paper is to propose a theoretical model that predicts the service life of chloride-corrosive concrete under fatigue load. In the process of modeling, the concrete is divided into two parts, microcrack and matrix. Taking the variation of mcirocrack area caused by fatigue load into account, an equation of chloride diffusion coefficient under fatigue load is established, and then the predictive model is developed based on Fick's second law. This model has an analytic solution and is reasonable in comparison to previous studies. Finally, some factors (chloride diffusion coefficient, surface chloride concentration and fatigue parameter) are analyzed to further investigate this model. The results indicate: the time to pit-to-crack transition and time to crack growth should not be neglected when predicting service life of concrete in strong corrosive condition; the type of fatigue loads also has a great impact on lifetime of concrete. In generally, this model is convenient to predict service life of chloride-corrosive concrete with different water to cement ratio, under different corrosive condition and under different types of fatigue load.

Spindle Spinel CoFeCoO4 Microparticles/rGO as an Oxygen Reduction and Oxygen Evolution Catalyst

Bowen Wang,Nian Tao,Junchen Liu,Hao Wang,Yinxiao Du,Hujiang Yang,Yonggang Wang,Kai Huang,Ru Zhang,Ming Lei 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.4

The representative spinel-type materials AB2O4 (both A and B are transition metals) electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been investigated and significant improvements have been achieved in the activity and durability for ORR and OER in the alkaline solution. But CoFeCoO4 was not explored widely like ZnCo2O4 (or NiCo2O4) as the ORR electrocatalyst for its relatively complicated atomic site occupation. CoFeCoO4 has a typical cubic spinel structure with Co2+ in the tetrahedron and Co3+ and Fe3+ in the octahedron. A mixture of Co3+ and Fe3+ in the B site makes the oxide have a wider overlap between transition metal 3d orbit and O 2p orbit, which can lead to an effective charge transfer in the rate-determining steps of ORR process and then enhance the ORR activity. The high electronic conductivity and specific surface area of rGO can accelerate charger transfer and provide more catalytic sites, which would contribute to a faster ORR process. In this work, the porous spindle CoFeCoO4 microparticles which were synthesized by hydrothermal technology, were assembled on the rGO surface to obtain the CoFeCoO4/rGO composite, which exhibited enhanced ORR activity and catalytic stability comparable to that of Pt/C. On the other hand, the OER catalytic activity of the prepared samples was also studied to explore the potential of CoFeCoO4/rGO as a bifunctional oxygen catalyst.

Modeling of Chloride Ion Diffusion in Concrete under Fatigue Loading

Tao Yang,Bowen Guan,Guoqiang Liu,Yanshun Jia 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.1

It is common for reinforced concrete in the saline region to bear fatigue loading and chloride induced corrosion, which has become one of the main causes of structural failure of reinforced concrete. The objective of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of chloride ion transport in concrete under fatigue loading. A new theoretical model describing the chloride ion transport in saturated concrete under fatigue loading is proposed. In this model, the concrete is divided into two parts, matrix and microcrack, to characterize the chloride diffusion coefficient of concrete based on crack area. The influence of fatigue damage on the microcrack area of concrete is quantitatively analyzed and the relationship between fatigue loading and chloride diffusion coefficient is established. Then, based on Fick’s second law, the model is proposed and solved by analytical solution. Some experiments are conducted to verify the proposed model and the simulated and measured results are in good agreement with each other. Finally, the characteristics of chloride ion transport under different influencing factors are analyzed using the proposed model.

Infeasible Punishment and Noneffective Threats: Political Feasibility of Nuclear Punishment and Policy Choices after Direct Nuclear Deterrence Failure

Kim Yang Gyu,Bowen Tyler,Shehadeh Lana 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2022 Pacific Focus Vol.37 No.3

Direct nuclear deterrence should provide significant stability considering the defender's capability to inflict enormous costs on the challenger and its high level of resolve to protect its territory and people. In the past, however, nuclear powers' deterrence strategy to prevent adversaries from escalating a crisis has failed. We argue that to manage deterrence failure crises, nuclear weapons would not matter much until the crisis actors overcome the inherent political difficulties in following through on the threat of nuclear punishment. If a defender passes this bar, then it would escalate the crisis after the deterrence failure. Conversely, if the challenger possesses high political feasibility to follow through on a threat of nuclear use, then the crisis will be terminated less violently as most defenders will view nuclear escalation as more likely and decide to compromise. We identify a total of 156 cases of direct deterrence failure after 1947 from the International Crisis Behavior Data data set. Then, using ordered logistic regression analysis, we find evidence for this feasibility of punishment hypothesis.

Fabrication of Water-Soluble CuInS2 Quantum Dots by Hot-injection Method and Phase Transfer Strategy

Chong Deng,Bowen Fu,Yanlai Wang,Lin Yang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.10

Here we report an optimized hot-injection method and a phase transfer strategy for the synthesis of water-soluble CuInS2 QDs with desired properties. The structure and morphology studies demonstrate that the resulting QDs are CuInS2 tetragonal phase with well-defined facets. It is also found that the crystal size gradually increases with the increase of reaction temperature, while the surface of QDs with pre- and post-phase transfer is functionalized with hydrophobic and hydrophilic ligands, respectively. Spectroscopy measurements reveal the size-dependent optical properties of CuInS2 QDs, demonstrating the quantum confinement effect in this system.

A GPU-based point kernel gamma dose rate computing code for virtual simulation in radiation-controlled area

Zhihui Xu,Mengkun Li,Bowen Zou,Ming Yang Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.6

Virtual reality technology has been widely used in the field of nuclear and radiation safety, dose rate computing in virtual environment is essential for optimizing radiation protection and planning the work in radioactive-controlled area. Because the CPU-based gamma dose rate computing takes up a large amount of time and computing power for voxelization of volumetric radioactive source, it is inefficient and limited in its applied scope. This study is to develop an efficient gamma dose rate computing code and apply into fast virtual simulation. To improve the computing efficiency of the point kernel algorithm in the reference (Li et al., 2020), we design a GPU-based computing framework for taking full advantage of computing power of virtual engine, propose a novel voxelization algorithm of volumetric radioactive source. According to the framework, we develop the GPPK(GPU-based point kernel gamma dose rate computing) code using GPU programming, to realize the fast dose rate computing in virtual world. The test results show that the GPPK code is play and plug for different scenarios of virtual simulation, has a better performance than CPU-based gamma dose rate computing code, especially on the voxelization of three-dimensional (3D) model. The accuracy of dose rates from the proposed method is in the acceptable range.

One Million Percent Tunnel Magnetoresistance in a Magnetic van der Waals Heterostructure

Kim, Hyun Ho,Yang, Bowen,Patel, Tarun,Sfigakis, Francois,Li, Chenghe,Tian, Shangjie,Lei, Hechang,Tsen, Adam W. American Chemical Society 2018 NANO LETTERS Vol.18 No.8

<P>We report the observation of a very large negative magnetoresistance effect in a van der Waals tunnel junction incorporating a thin magnetic semiconductor, CrI<SUB>3</SUB>, as the active layer. At constant voltage bias, current increases by nearly one million percent upon application of a 2 T field. The effect arises from a change between antiparallel to parallel alignment of spins across the different CrI<SUB>3</SUB> layers. Our results elucidate the nature of the magnetic state in ultrathin CrI<SUB>3</SUB> and present new opportunities for spintronics based on two-dimensional materials.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

LncRNA SNHG6 promotes glycolysis reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma by stabilizing the BOP1 protein

Kai Chen,Xi Wang,Bowen Wei,Rongcun Sun,Chunlin Wu,Hong-ji Yang 한국통합생물학회 2022 Animal cells and systems Vol.26 No.6

Metabolic reprogramming is an important feature in tumor progression. Long noncoding RNA’s (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) acts as a proto-oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but its role in glycolysis is mostly unknown. The role of SNHG6 and Block of proliferation 1 (BOP1) on glycolysis is assessed by glucose uptake, lactate production, oxygen consumptive rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and glycolytic enzyme levels. The regulatory effect of SNHG6 on BOP1 protein was confirmed by Western blotting, MS2 pulldown, RNA pull-down, and RIP assay. SNHG6 and BOP1 levels were increased in HCC tissues and cells. SNHG6 and BOP1 were prognostic factors in HCC patients and significantly correlated to TP53 mutant and tumor grade. SNHG6 promoted proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, enhanced glucose uptake and lactate production, decreased OCR, and increased ECAR in HCC cell lines. SNHG6 could bind the BOP1 protein and enhance its stability. BOP1 overexpression rescued the change of proliferation, apoptosis, and glycolysis in HCCLM3 and SMMC-7721 cells. Our data indicate that SNHG6 accelerates proliferation and glycolysis and inhibits the apoptosis of HCC cell lines by binding the BOP1 protein and enhancing its stability. Both SNHG6 and BOP1 are promising prognostic and therapeutic markers in HCC.

Direct catalytic conversion of glucose and cellulose

Li, Zhenhuan,Su, Kunmei,Ren, Jun,Yang, Dongjiang,Cheng, Bowen,Kim, Chan Kyung,Yao, Xiangdong The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 GREEN CHEMISTRY Vol.20 No.4

<P>Biomass product 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) can be used to synthesize a broad range of value added compounds currently derived from petroleum. Thus, the effective conversion of glucose or cellulose (the major components of biomass) into fuels and chemical commodities has been capturing increasing attention. Previous studies have been extensively focused on a two-step process for producing 5-HMF from glucose or cellulose, <I>i.e.</I>, the isomerization of glucose into fructose and then the dehydration of fructose. We herein discovered that heterogeneous sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide) (SPPS) containing strong Brønsted acid sites is able to convert glucose and cellulose into 5-HMF with a high yield in ionic liquids (ILs). The optimal activity of glucose conversion to 5-HMF achieves a yield of 87.2% after 4 h reaction at 140 °C. For direct cellulose conversion, a 5-HMF yield of 68.2% can be achieved. The reaction mechanism over the SPPS catalyst in ILs was studied by DFT calculations, and the results indicated that the SO3H group of SPPS plays a crucial role in glucose conversion into 5-HMF, and it acts as a proton donor as a Brønsted acid and functions as a proton acceptor as the conjugate base. Furthermore, the anions and cations of ILs together with SO3H-SPPS helped in stabilizing the reaction intermediates and transition states, which also resulted in glucose facile conversion into 5-HMF. The new catalyst system highlights new opportunities offered by optimizing the production of 5-HMF directly from glucose and cellulose.</P>