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Bosted, P. E.,Biselli, A. S.,Careccia, S.,Dodge, G.,Fersch, R.,Guler, N.,Kuhn, S. E.,Pierce, J.,Prok, Y.,Zheng, X.,Adhikari, K. P.,Adikaram, D.,Akbar, Z.,Amaryan, M. J.,Anefalos Pereira, S.,Asryan, G. American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review C Vol.94 No.5
<P>Beam-target double-spin asymmetries and target single-spin asymmetries in exclusive pi(+) and quasiexclusive pi(-) electroproduction were obtained from scattering of 1.6- to 5.7-GeV longitudinally polarized electrons from longitudinally polarized protons (for pi(+)) and deuterons (for pi(-)) using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab. The kinematic range covered is 1.1 < W < 2.6 GeV and 0.05 < Q(2) < 5 GeV2, with good angular coverage in the forward hemisphere. The asymmetry results were divided into approximately 40 000 kinematic bins for pi(+) from free protons and 15 000 bins for pi(-) production from bound nucleons in the deuteron. The present results are found to be in reasonable agreement with fits to previous world data for W < 1.7 GeV and Q(2) < 0.5 GeV2, with discrepancies increasing at higher values of Q(2), especially for W > 1.5 GeV. Very large target-spin asymmetries are observed for W > 1.6 GeV. When combined with cross-section measurements, the present results can provide powerful constraints on nucleon resonance amplitudes at moderate and large values of Q(2), for resonances with masses as high as 2.3 GeV.</P>
Bosted, P. E.,Amaryan, M. J.,Anefalos Pereira, S.,Avakian, H.,Badui, R. A.,Ball, J.,Baltzell, N. A.,Battaglieri, M.,Batourine, V.,Bedlinskiy, I.,Biselli, A. S.,Briscoe, W. J.,Bü,ltmann, S.,Burkert American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review C Vol.95 No.3
<P>Beam-target double-spin asymmetries and target single-spin asymmetries were measured for the exclusive pi(+) electroproduction reaction. gamma(*) p -> n pi(+). The results were obtained from scattering of 6-GeV longitudinally polarized electrons off longitudinally polarized protons using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer at Jefferson Laboratory. The kinematic range covered is 1.1 < W < 3 GeV and 1 < Q(2) < 6 GeV2. Results were obtained for about 6000 bins in W, Q(2), cos(theta(*)), and phi(*). Except at forward angles, very large target-spin asymmetries are observed over the entire W region. Reasonable agreement is found with phenomenological fits to previous data for W < 1.6 GeV, but very large differences are seen at higher values of W. A generalized parton distributions (GPD)-based model is in poor agreement with the data. When combined with cross-sectional measurements, the present results provide powerful constraints on nucleon resonance amplitudes at moderate and large values of Q(2), for resonances with masses as high as 2.4 GeV.</P>
Moments of the spin structure functions g1p and g1d for 0.05<<sup>Q2</sup><3.0<sup> GeV2</sup>
Prok, Y.,Bosted, P.,Burkert, V.D.,Deur, A.,Dharmawardane, K.V.,Dodge, G.E.,Griffioen, K.A.,Kuhn, S.E.,Minehart, R.,Adams, G.,Amaryan, M.J.,Anghinolfi, M.,Asryan, G.,Audit, G.,Avakian, H.,Bagdasaryan, Elsevier 2009 Physics letters: B Vol.672 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The spin structure functions <SUB>g1</SUB> for the proton and the deuteron have been measured over a wide kinematic range in <I>x</I> and <SUP>Q2</SUP> using 1.6 and 5.7 GeV longitudinally polarized electrons incident upon polarized NH<SUB>3</SUB> and ND<SUB>3</SUB> targets at Jefferson Lab. Scattered electrons were detected in the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer, for 0.05<<SUP>Q2</SUP><5<SUP> GeV2</SUP> and W<3 GeV. The first moments of <SUB>g1</SUB> for the proton and deuteron are presented – both have a negative slope at low <SUP>Q2</SUP>, as predicted by the extended Gerasimov–Drell–Hearn sum rule. The first extraction of the generalized forward spin polarizability of the proton γ0p is also reported. This quantity shows strong <SUP>Q2</SUP> dependence at low <SUP>Q2</SUP>. Our analysis of the <SUP>Q2</SUP> evolution of the first moment of <SUB>g1</SUB> shows agreement in leading order with Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory. However, a significant discrepancy is observed between the γ0p data and Chiral Perturbation calculations for γ0p, even at the lowest <SUP>Q2</SUP>.</P>
Dharmawardane, K.V.,Kuhn, S.E.,Bosted, P.,Prok, Y.,Adams, G.,Ambrozewicz, P.,Anghinolfi, M.,Asryan, G.,Avakian, H.,Bagdasaryan, H.,Baillie, N.,Ball, J.P.,Baltzell, N.A.,Barrow, S.,Batourine, V.,Battag Elsevier 2006 Physics letters: B Vol.641 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We report results for the virtual photon asymmetry <SUB>A1</SUB> on the nucleon from new Jefferson Lab measurements. The experiment, which used the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer and longitudinally polarized proton (NH315) and deuteron (ND315) targets, collected data with a longitudinally polarized electron beam at energies between 1.6 GeV and 5.7 GeV. In the present Letter, we concentrate on our results for <SUB>A1</SUB>(x,<SUP>Q2</SUP>) and the related ratio <SUB>g1</SUB>/<SUB>F1</SUB>(x,<SUP>Q2</SUP>) in the resonance and the deep inelastic regions for our lowest and highest beam energies, covering a range in momentum transfer <SUP>Q2</SUP> from 0.05 to 5.0<SUP>(GeV/c)2</SUP> and in final-state invariant mass <I>W</I> up to about 3 GeV. Our data show detailed structure in the resonance region, which leads to a strong <SUP>Q2</SUP>-dependence of <SUB>A1</SUB>(x,<SUP>Q2</SUP>) for <I>W</I> below 2 GeV. At higher <I>W</I>, a smooth approach to the scaling limit, established by earlier experiments, can be seen, but <SUB>A1</SUB>(x,<SUP>Q2</SUP>) is not strictly <SUP>Q2</SUP>-independent. We add significantly to the world data set at high <I>x</I>, up to x=0.6. Our data exceed the SU(6)-symmetric quark model expectation for both the proton and the deuteron while being consistent with a negative <I>d</I>-quark polarization up to our highest <I>x</I>. This data set should improve next-to-leading order (NLO) pQCD fits of the parton polarization distributions.</P>
Katich, J.,Qian, X.,Zhao, Y. X.,Allada, K.,Aniol, K.,Annand, J. R. M.,Averett, T.,Benmokhtar, F.,Bertozzi, W.,Bradshaw, P. C.,Bosted, P.,Camsonne, A.,Canan, M.,Cates, G. D.,Chen, C.,Chen, J.-P.,Chen, American Physical Society 2014 Physical Review Letters Vol.113 No.2
<P>We report the first measurement of the target-normal single-spin asymmetry in deep-inelastic scattering from the inclusive reaction 3)He()(e,e')X on a polarized (3)He gas target. Assuming time-reversal invariance, this asymmetry is strictly zero in the Born approximation but can be nonzero if two-photon-exchange contributions are included. The experiment, conducted at Jefferson Lab using a 5.89 GeV electron beam, covers a range of 1.7<W<2.9??GeV, 1.0<Q(2)<4.0??GeV(2) and 0.16<x<0.65. Neutron asymmetries were extracted using the effective nucleon polarization and measured proton-to-(3)He cross-section ratios. The measured neutron asymmetries are negative with an average value of (-1.090.38)10(-2) for invariant mass W>2??GeV, which is nonzero at the 2.89σ level. Our measured asymmetry agrees both in sign and magnitude with a two-photon-exchange model prediction that uses input from the Sivers transverse momentum distribution obtained from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering.</P>
Kim, A.,Avakian, H.,Burkert, V.,Joo, K.,Kim, W.,Adhikari, K.P.,Akbar, Z.,Anefalos Pereira, S.,Badui, R.A.,Battaglieri, M.,Batourine, V.,Bedlinskiy, I.,Biselli, A.S.,Boiarinov, S.,Bosted, P.,Briscoe, W North-Holland Pub. Co 2017 Physics letters. Section B Vol.768 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The target and double spin asymmetries of the exclusive pseudoscalar channel e → p → → e p <SUP> π 0 </SUP> were measured for the first time in the deep-inelastic regime using a longitudinally polarized 5.9 GeV electron beam and a longitudinally polarized proton target at Jefferson Lab with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). The data were collected over a large kinematic phase space and divided into 110 four-dimensional bins of <SUP> Q 2 </SUP> , <SUB> x B </SUB> , −<I>t</I> and <I>ϕ</I>. Large values of asymmetry moments clearly indicate a substantial contribution to the polarized structure functions from transverse virtual photon amplitudes. The interpretation of experimental data in terms of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) provides the first insight on the chiral-odd GPDs <SUB> H ˜ T </SUB> and <SUB> E T </SUB> , and complement previous measurements of unpolarized structure functions sensitive to the GPDs <SUB> H T </SUB> and <SUB> E ¯ T </SUB> . These data provide a crucial input for parametrizations of essentially unknown chiral-odd GPDs and will strongly influence existing theoretical calculations based on the handbag formalism.</P>
Beam-target double-spin asymmetry in quasielastic electron scattering off the deuteron with CLAS
Mayer, M.,Kuhn, S. E.,Adhikari, K. P.,Akbar, Z.,Anefalos Pereira, S.,Asryan, G.,Avakian, H.,Badui, R. A.,Ball, J.,Baltzell, N. A.,Battaglieri, M.,Bedlinskiy, I.,Biselli, A. S.,Boiarinov, S.,Bosted, P. American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review C Vol.95 No.2
<P>Conclusions: Final-state interactions seem to play a lesser role for polarization observables in deuteron two-body electrodisintegration than for absolute cross sections. Our data, while limited in statistical power, indicate that PWIA models work reasonably well to understand the asymmetries at lower missing momenta. In turn, this information can be used to extract the product of beam and target polarization (PbPt) from quasielastic electron-deuteron scattering, which is useful for measurements of spin observables in electron-neutron inelastic scattering. However, at the highest missing (neutron) momenta, FSI effects become important and must be accounted for.</P>
Metric Scale Study of the Bonded Concrete-Rock Interface Shear Behaviour
Marion Bost,Hussein Mouzannara,Fabrice Rojat,Grégory Coubard,Jean-Pierre Rajot 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.2
The shear strength of concrete-rock interface is a key factor to evaluate the stability of gravity dams. The shear strength assessment by achieving tests on small samples gives values different from those estimated by back-analysis on the existing dams. This work aims to study the shear behaviour of concrete-rock interface in the metric scale. Five direct shear tests were performed on bonded meter-scale concrete-granite interfaces in the range of normal stresses to which gravity dam foundation is subjected. Specific instrumentation were installed to monitor the failure mechanisms during the tests. The five concrete-rock interfaces have not broken by shearing of materials (concrete, rock) in the shear plane imposed by the test device, but by debonding of the contact between concrete and rock. Considering roughness of the contact surface in the decimeter scale and the results of shear tests carried out in the same scale, the decimeter scale is demonstrated to correspond to the elementary surface for the shear behaviour of the metric concrete-rock interface. According to the level of normal stress, the stiffness of both materials and the main asperities in the decimeter scale, different failure mechanisms occur locally to justify the overall failure in the metric scale.
애착 유형에 따른 아동의 정서인식, 정서표현 및 상호작용
최은실(Eun Sil Chol),Kelly Bost 한국아동학회 2012 아동학회지 Vol.33 No.2
The goals of this study were to examine how children`s recognition of various emotions, emotion expression, and social interactions among their peers differed according to their attachment styles. A total of 65 three to five years old children completed both attachment story-stem doll plays and a standard emotion recognition task. Trained observers documented children`s valence of emotion expression and social interactions among their peers in the classroom. Consistent with attachment theory, children who were categorized as secure in the doll play were more likely to express positive emotions than children who were categorized as avoidant in the doll play. Children who were categorized as avoidant in the doll play were more likely to express neutral emotions among their peers than children who were categorized as secure and anxious in the doll play. The findings of this study contribute to the general attachment literature by documenting how attachment security plays a crucial role in having positive emotions in ordinary situations. It does so by also demonstrating how different attachment styles are associated with children`s qualitatively different patterns of emotion processing, especially in terms of their expression of emotions.
Shear Bearing Capacity of RC Slabs without Shear Reinforcement: Design Codes Comparison
W. S. A. Nana,T. T. Bui,M. Bost,A. Limam 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.1
For reinforced concrete structures, as beams, slabs or walls, failure under bending is well known and its description and design is relatively internationally agreed. However for the shear failure phenomenon, there is not yet a common agreement at the international level, no consensus is reached on the subject at this time. Many parameters are involved in the shear resistance mechanism and many phenomena coexist. The shear force transfer mechanisms are sometimes complex and difficult to discern. By analyzing the different shear design codes, some shear parameters are taken into account and ignored by others, which makes that a shear effect may be omitted. In addition, different ways are adopted to take into account the different shear parameters. The main purpose of this study is to help the engineering by presenting a comparative study of all the main analytical models for the determination of shear capacity: The EN 1992-1-1:2005 standard (EC2) (CEN, 2005), French National Annex (FD P 18-717, 2013), ACI 318-14 (ACI Committee 318, 2014), fib Model Code 2010 (Fib Model Code 2010, 2012) using level of approximation LoA I and LoA II and (CSA Committee A23.3, 2004) both Modified Compression Field Theory (MCFT) based models, and finally the Critical Shear Crack Theory (CSCT) which is the basis of the Swiss standard SIA 262 (SIA 262, 2003) are all examined. The results obtained are discussed regarding their agreement with eighteen shear experimental results on thick slabs (30 cm, 35 cm, and 40 cm) and thin slabs (10 cm) without shear reinforcement.