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Augustine Natash,Kris Herawan Timotius 한국미생물·생명공학회 2019 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.47 No.2
The use of double lumen catheters as a means of hemodialysis access is commonly accompanied with the use of gentamicin as an antibiotic lock. Other antibiotics and anticoagulants are often added to increase the efficacy of gentamicin in order to reduce catheter-related infection and to prevent biofilm formation. This review aimed to evaluate the following: 1) the use of gentamicin in eliminating catheter-related infection and reducing biofilm formation in hemodialysis catheters, 2) the efficacy of additional antibiotics in combination with gentamicin, and 3) the effect of additional anticoagulants to complement the efficacy of gentamicin as the main prophylactic antibiotic lock. We sorted through data from 242 PubMed and ScienceDirect studies, which were then short-listed to 33 studies. Next, they were grouped, extracted, and analyzed qualitatively to fulfil the objectives of this review. Consequently, the use of a gentamicin-lock solution was shown to reduce the incidence of bacteremia; however, it was not strong enough to inhibit the growth of infectious microbes and formation of biofilms. Several bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, have been reported as infectious agents. Combination with other antibiotics also provided no effect in reducing bacterial growth and biofilm formation in catheters. Furthermore, the additional anticoagulants (trisodium citrate and EDTA) were reported to be effective in enhancing the efficacy of gentamicin in avoiding catheter-related infection, bacterial growth, and biofilm formation; thus, the use of gentamicin can be rationalized.
Formulation of bionanomaterials: A review of particle design towards oil recovery applications
Augustine Agi,Radzuan Junin,Mohd Zaidi Jaafar,Mohd Akhmal Sidek,Faruk Yakasai,Afeez Gbadamosi,Jeffrey Oseh 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.98 No.-
To minimize environmental impact and costs, bionanomaterials have been proffered. However, theirperformance hinges on material and intensification of synthesis methods. Herein, design ofbionanomaterials towards oil recovery applications are presented. Methods of synthesizing bionanomaterialswere discussed. Process intensification of synthesis methods was elucidated and basic drivingforce during synthesis were identified. Challenges prevalent during design and application ofbionanomaterials have opened new opportunities for research and are incorporated with proposedsolutions. In absence of Ostwald ripening, nucleation rate and growth processes can control size andshape of nanocrystal. Hence, designing bionanomaterials, nucleation rate should be determinedalongside supersaturation.
Effect of Moisture Content on Physical Properties of Fluted Pumpkin Seeds
Augustine O. Igbozulike,Nnamdi Amamgbo 한국농업기계학회 2019 바이오시스템공학 Vol.44 No.2
Purpose A number of physical properties of fluted pumpkin seeds were evaluated to obtain data for the mechanization of the crop’s production and the design of its postharvest equipment. Methods The properties were investigated at five different moisture content levels, namely 51.50, 53.60, 58.03, 64.02, and 67.30% (wet basis). Standard methods, as reported in the literature for other agricultural products, were used to investigate the relationship between these physical properties and moisture content. Linear regression equations were used to express the relationships between moisture content and the physical properties of the seeds. Results The seed dimensions increased with an increase in moisture content. The geometric and arithmetic mean diameters increased from 2.43 to 2.65 cm and 2.65 to 2.82 cm, respectively, as moisture content increased. The true and bulk densities decreased from 1.08 to 0.97 g/cm3 and 0.98 to 0.69 g/cm3, respectively, with an increase in moisture content. The angle of repose of the seeds reduced from 40.79° to 36.05° as moisture content increased from 51.50 to 67.30%. The coefficient of friction increased with an increase in moisture content from 0.67 to 0.87, 0.59 to 0.75, and 0.58 to 0.63 for wood, steel, and glass surfaces, respectively. Conclusion The results are of value for the development of equipment for operations, such as planting, harvesting, conveying, cleaning, separation, shelling, de-hulling, milling, packaging, storing, drying, and oil extraction.
Augustine Amalraj,Karthik Varma,Joby Jacob,Chandradhara Divya,Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara,Sidney J. Stohs,Sreeraj Gopi 한국식품영양과학회 2017 Journal of medicinal food Vol.20 No.10
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune, chronic systemic inflammatory disorder. The long-term use of currently available drugs for the treatment of RA has many potential side effects. Natural phytonutrients may serve as alternative strategies for the safe and effective treatment of RA, and curcuminoids have been used in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of inflammatory conditions for centuries. In this study, a novel, highly bioavailable form of curcumin in a completely natural turmeric matrix was evaluated for its ability to improve the clinical symptoms of RA. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-arm, parallel-group study was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy of two different doses of curcumin with that of a placebo in active RA patients. Twelve patients in each group received placebo, 250 or 500 mg of the curcumin product twice daily for 90 days. The responses of the patients were assessed using the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response, visual analog scale (VAS), C-reactive protein (CRP), Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and rheumatoid factor (RF) values. RA patients who received the curcumin product at both low and high doses reported statistically significant changes in their clinical symptoms at the end of the study. These observations were confirmed by significant changes in ESR, CPR, and RF values in patients receiving the study product compared to baseline and placebo. The results indicate that this novel curcumin in a turmeric matrix acts as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent for the management of RA at a dose as low as 250 mg twice daily as evidenced by significant improvement in the ESR, CRP, VAS, RF, DAS28, and ACR responses compared to placebo. Both doses of the study product were well tolerated and without side effects.
Augustine TSANG Hing-to 신학과사상학회 2011 가톨릭 신학과 사상 Vol.- No.67
Matteo Ricci was reputed as a great man of dialogue with other cultures and religions, but he was also, above all, a great missionary of proclamation of the gospel of Jesus Christ. The most important book he has written in Chinese is The True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven, in which he has in-depth theological dialogue with Chinese scholars with regard to some most central tenets of Catholic faith. He engaged in these dialogues which quite often involved frank criticism of Buddhism, Taoism and Neo-Confucianism, for the purpose of leading his dialogue partners to the Truth, and eventually conversion to the Catholic faith. Ricci was very friendly with the Chinese, but he above all wanted to be their friend in the Lord. Ricci’s missionary spirituality of truth can then be a very relevant lesson for Catholics’ self-realization in their own mission ad gentes today. Dialogue should not replace proclamation, respect for others and their cultures and religions should not downplay the importance of Jesus Christ as the only Savior of the world, and should not make the various doctrines of other religions equal to the doctrines of Christian religion. The recent Magisterium’s teachings, as well as Ricci’s own example, emphasize this aspect of truth which is of paramount importance for today’s evangelization.
Augustine Amalraj,Chandradhara Divya,Sreeraj Gopi 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.5
Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a multifactorial progression related to muscle pain, swelling, stiffness, tenderness, altered joint kinematics, muscle fiber disruption, decreased strength and power, and acute tissue damage. Curcumin, a natural phytonutrient, could manage DOMS induced by eccentric continuous exercise due to its wide range of biological activities. This study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical study to assess the efficacy of Cureit™—a bioavailable form of curcumin that may decrease damage from inflammation and oxidative stress associated with severe muscle damage induced by continuous eccentric exercise. The results of the study showed that oral consumption of Cureit significantly reduced DOMS, slightly reduced creatinine kinase concentrations, and slightly increased VO2 max value compared with placebo, and found safe for administration. The consumption of Cureit led to improved recovery and reduction of DOMS without any side effects due to the enhancement of bioavailable form of curcumin.