Protective efficacy of Coriandrum sativum seeds against arsenic induced toxicity in Swiss albino mice

Kumar Arun,Kumar Vikas,Akhouri Vivek,Kumar Ranjit,Ali Mohammad,Rashmi Tuhin,Chand Gyanendra Bahadur,Singh Sushil Kumar,Ghosh Ashok Kumar 한국독성학회 2022 Toxicological Research Vol.38 No.4

Arsenic poisoning in ground water is one of the most sensitive environmental pollutant causing serious pollution all over the world. Chronic arsenic exposure through drinking water to humans leads to major public health related issues. There have been very meagre studies which reported that, the plant constituents proved to exhibit protective effect from arsenicosis. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the protective efficacy of Coriandrum sativum seeds extract against sodium arsenite induced toxicity in Swiss albino mice. In the present study twenty-four male healthy Swiss albino mice (30 ± 5 g) were divided into four groups (n = 6), where the control group received normal diet and water; group II and group III treated with sodium arsenite (2 mg per kg body weight per day) for 2 and 4 weeks respectively. The group IV mice were administered with C.sativum seeds extract at the dose of 150 mg per kg body weight per day for 4 weeks upon sodium arsenite pretreated (2 mg/kg body weight for 4 weeks per day) mice. After the complete dose duration, all the treatment group animals were sacrificed same day for haematological, biochemical and histopathological study. In the arsenic treated mice, there were significant (p < 0.0001) changes in the serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, urea, uric acid and creatinine as well as in the haematological parameters. In contrast, after the administration with C.sativum seeds extract upon arsenic pretreated mice, there was significant (p < 0.0001) improvement observed in the hepatic and renal biomarker parameters as well as haematological variables. In the arsenic intoxicated mice, after administration with C.sativum seeds extract there was significant (p < 0.0001) reduction in the arsenic concentration in blood, liver and kidney tissues as well as in the serum LPO levels. Furthermore, the histopathological study showed that, C.sativum seeds extract administrated group of mice significantly restored the liver and kidney at cellular level against arsenic induced toxicity. The entire study concludes that C.sativum seeds extract possesses the ameliorative effect against arsenic induced liver and kidney intoxication.

Measurement of emission current and temperature profile of emissive probe materials using CO_2 LASER

Payal Mehta,Arun Sarma,Joydeep Ghosh,Shwetang Pandya,Santosh Pandya,Paritosh Choudhuri,J. Govindarajan,C. Ionita Schrittwieser,Roman Schrittwieser 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.5

Emissive probes have been used for the direct measurement of plasma potential in many plasma devices. Different approaches have been introduced to measure the plasma potential using emissive probes. But the biggest disadvantage of the emissive probe is short life span due to its self-arrangement and different plasma environment. Few initiations have been made to measure plasma potential by using LASER heated emissive probe. In case of LASER heated emissive probe, mostly graphite and LaB_6 are being used as probe tip to emit electrons by heating with LASER light. However, very little studies have been done to understand the mechanism of heating process of the LaB_6 and graphite materials. The complete heating dynamics of these materials, heated by a CW CO_2 LASER with a maximum 55Wpower have been studied in this work. In-situ temperature of the probe tip has been measured by using an IR camera. Complete theoretical and simulated model have been developed to understand the experimentally measured data. Further, the experimental results are compared with ANSYS simulations. The emission current from the probe with respect to the bias voltage applied to the probe has also been measured.

Surface Modification of Wool Fabric with POSS® Nanomaterial

Carline Bakker,Arun Ghosh,Surinder Tandon,Steve Ranford 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.10

Wool fabrics, without any surface treatment, can undergo undesirable and irreversible structural changes of wool fiber during washing under heat and mechanical agitation, leading to high shrinkage of wool garments. The traditional method based on polyamide resin can prevent felting and/or shrinkage of wool textiles, but adversely affect the surface hydrophobicity. In the present study, a treatment solution was developed based on TriSilanolIsooctyl POSS® and 3- mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane, which created wool surface with increased hydrophobicity and highly resistant to shrinkage or felting, as measured after 3×5A wash cycles (equivalent to 24 domestic washes). After the treatment, the wool fabric appeared to be superhydrophobic with a water contact angle of above 150 o, compared to the untreated fabric. The treatment has marginal effect on mechanical performance as observed in tensile properties. Scanning electron microscopic images revealed a coating of POSS® on the wool surface. The dyeing of untreated and treated fabrics appeared to be uniform to the naked eye, though spectrophotometric analysis indicated a difference in the extent of dyeing performance. This research showed that POSS®-based treatment is a potentially effective approach for developing shrink-resistant wool textiles with enhanced surface hydrophobicity, in contrast to traditional chlorine/polyamide resin treatment.

Pharmacognostic standardization based on physicochemical and molecular parameters of a medicinal mushroom Schizophyllum commune

Krishnendu Acharya,Sandipta Ghosh,Arun Kumar Dutta 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2016 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.31 No.4

Schizophyllum commune Fr. is valued for its high nutritional composition and medicinal importance. However, quality standards of this species have not been reported till date. The aim of the present study was to provide quality control standardization of S. commune based on organoleptic, microscopic, physico-chemical, chromatographic, molecular features and to partially screen its antioxidant activity. Physico-chemical parameters such as percentage of loss on drying, total ash, swelling capacity, water holding capacity, water solubility index and methanol extractive value were documented. In addition, fluorescence analysis of the powder using 16 different chemical reagents were carried out which exhibit a remarkable variation of colour against treating agents. Quantification of the major bioactive compounds present in the extract showed the following order phenol > flavonoid > ascorbic acid > β-carotene > lycopene. The antioxidant potentials of the extract were determined using experiments of DPPH radical scavenging activity (EC50 value 1.07 mg/ml) and total antioxidant capacity (19 μg AAE/mg of extract). Phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract revealed high contents of phenolics which was confirmed by HPLC and HPTLC studies. Rf values and their corresponding peaks serve as a signature marker for identification of this mushroom. On the other hand, molecular studies including DNA extraction and sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer region of the genomic DNA serve as a molecular standard. The above distinctive parameters would significantly serve towards establishing the pharmacognostic as well as molecular standards for identification, authentication and quality control of the genuine mushroom.

Development of poly(vinylidene fluoride) graft random copolymer membrane for antifouling and antimicrobial applications

Mahuya Pakhira,Subhajit Ghosh,Surajit Ghosh,Dhruba P. Chatterjee,Arun K. Nandi 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.112 No.-

Biocidal and anti-fouling properties in the same polymeric membranes are important in biomedical fieldfor their capability to protect serious infection and filtration of biological molecules. For this purpose wereport random graft copolymer of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF-graft-poly(tBAEMA-ran-OEGMA,PVBO) membranes showing both antifouling and antibacterial activity. The PVBO copolymer is synthesisedusing ATRP technique and the polymer membranes are produced by breath figure (PVBO-1) andphase inversion (PVBO-2) techniques. The former shows well-developed hexagonal pores (diameter15 ± 3.5 nm), and good hydrophilicity (contact angle 41.3). PVBO-1 membrane exhibits good antifoulingproperty for both lysozyme and BSA solutions. Antimicrobial activity measured from agar diffusionmethod indicates that PVBO-1 shows a large zone of inhibition in case of gram-negative E coli andgram-positive S. aureus bacteria, whereas PVBO-2 and its HCl treated state (PVBO-3) membranes exhibitonly a moderate zone of inhibition. The MBC and MIC values indicate that the synthesized membranesare bactericidal in nature and not bacteriostatic. Live and dead cell assay indicates that PVBO-1 can significantlyinhibit growth of bacteria even at high bacteria concentration confirming high antimicrobialactivity. MTT assay suggests PVBO-1 is non-cytotoxic to mammalian cells and co-culturing activity resultsuggests high cellular selectivity of PVBO-1.

First hand observations from the April 28, 2021 Sonitpur (MW 6.4) earthquake, Assam, India: possible mechanism involved in the occurrence of widespread ground effects

Mayank Joshi,Sambit Prasanajit Naik,Asmita Mohanty,Arun Bhadran,Drishya Girishbai,Swakangkha Ghosh 한국지질과학협의회 2023 Geosciences Journal Vol.27 No.2

On April 28 2021, an earthquake of MW 6.4 occurred near Sonitpur, Assam, India. The epicenter was 43 km away from Tezpur, Assam with a focal depth of 34 km. The National Center for Seismology (NCS), Delhi reported the maximum intensity of MMI–V whereas the United States Geological Survey (USGS) reported the maximum intensity of MMI–VII. Preliminary reports suggest a reverse slip component for the earthquake, which occurred close to the previously reported Kopili fault. This fault is the cause of two damaging earthquakes in the past i.e., 1869 Cachar earthquake and the 1943 earthquake. The April 28 2021, Sonitpur earthquake caused widespread liquefaction, building damage, and lateral spreading as far as 90 km from the epicenter. The present study reports preliminary damages and ground effects observed soon after the earthquake along with a comparative analysis with previously reported damages around the area during the historical earthquakes. The farthest reported liquefaction occurred during the earthquake was plotted with other case studies which were well in agreement with the previous literature. The possible reason for the extensive liquefaction and ground cracks is inferred to be due to site amplification within a sedimentary basin. Therefore, the occurrence of the 2021Sonitpur, Assam earthquake emphasizes the seismic hazard scenario for the Brahmaputra Basin and Bengal Basin, which further requires more detailed study in terms of paleoseismology, liquefaction hazard zonation and seismic hazard assessment. In addition, the damages to the buildings highlight the implementation of proper building codes considering the liquefaction hazard zonation map for the study area.

Microbiological Quality and Safety of Two Popularly Consumed Raw, Street Vended Foods in India

Abhijit Ganguli,Sunita Bansal,Namita Malik,Arun Kumar Rana,Moushumi Ghosh 한국식품과학회 2004 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.13 No.4