What`s New in Melasma Treatment

( Ivonne Arellano ) 대한피부과학회 2005 초록집 Vol.43 No.10

Cr-doped BiYO3 photocatalyst for degradation of oxytetracycline under visible light irradiation

Hernández-Arellano Diana L.,Durán-Álvarez Juan C.,Cortés-Lagunes Silvana,Zanella Rodolfo,Soto Tania E.,López-Juárez Rigoberto 한국세라믹학회 2023 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.60 No.1

Chromium-doped BiYO3 powders were synthesized by the Pechini method at low temperature between 400 and 800 °C for 1 h. From the XRD results it was observed the coexistence between tetragonal and cubic phases for samples calcined at 400 °C for 1 h. Meanwhile, for samples calcined at 600 and 800 °C, a single cubic phase was observed. The powders consisted of agglomerates of nanocrystals as shown in the SEM and TEM images. The specific surface area was in the order of 3.01–7.74 m2 g−1, obtained from BET analysis. The band gap of BiYO3 and Cr-doped BiYO3 was < 2.21 eV which corroborates that these materials absorb light in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The photocatalytic decomposition of oxytetracycline was successfully achieved using Cr-doped BiYO3, where the best performance was obtained with BiY0.98Cr0.02O3 ceramic powders calcined at 800 °C for 1 h. For this composition the removal of oxytetracycline after 240 min of visible light irradiation was 100% of degradation and 75% of mineralization. The photocatalytic process was driven by the photo-holes, as a negligible production of ·OH radicals was observed in tests using scavengers. The photocatalytic activity of the BiY0.995Cr0.005O3 and BiY0.98Cr0.02O3 materials was corroborated under more realistic conditions, using tap water and trace concentration of the antibiotic. The high stability of the photocatalyst was observed through four consecutive reaction cycles. The results demonstrate that the Cr-doping has clearly improved the catalytic performance of BiYO3 for degradation of oxytetracycline under visible light irradiation.

Economic Growth and Institutions: The Influence of External Actors

David Arellano-Gault,Walter Lepore 연세대학교(미래캠퍼스) 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2008 地域發展硏究 Vol.17 No.2

This paper analyzes the relationship among institutions and economic growth. Based on a review of the current literature on institutional analysis, in particular that related with New Institutional Economics (NIE), we identify and propose a means of integrating additional factors that need to be assessed. In our review, we focus on those studies that emphasize property and contractual rights as being the main explicative variables of economic growth. The principal hypothesis of this current of thought is that liberal (democratic) and market institutions are a prerequisite for encouraging investment, efficiency, innovation, employment, and consequently, economic growth. Latin America developing countries in terms of economic growth. Our results suggest that path dependence variables are as important as the variables traditionally set forth in the literature on NIE. Although our investigation is still in its infancy, in publishing this article we seek to complement NIE’s institutional analysis through introducing variables that are more realistic, complex and useful than the rather simplistic relationships between institutions and economic growth that NIE has heretofore proposed

Improving the Viability of Freeze-dried Probiotics Using a Lysine-based Rehydration Mixture

( Karina Arellano ),( Haryung Park ),( Bobae Kim ),( Subin Yeo ),( Hyunjoo Jo ),( Jin-hak Kim ),( Yosep Ji ),( Wilhelm H. Holzapfel ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.49 No.2

The probiotic market is constantly continuing to grow, concomitantly with a widening in the range and diversity of probiotic products. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that provide a benefit to the host when consumed at a proper dose; the viability of a probiotic is therefore of crucial importance for its efficacy. Many products undergo lyophilization for maintaining their shelf-life. Unfortunately, this procedure may damage the integrity of the cells due to stress conditions during both the freezing and (vacuum-) drying process, thereby impacting their functionality. We propose a lysine-based mixture for rehydration of freeze-dried probiotics for improving their viability during in vitro simulated gastric and duodenum stress conditions. Measurement of the zeta potential served as an indicator of cell integrity and efficacy of this mixture, while functionality was estimated by adhesion to a human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cell-line. The freeze-dried bacteria exhibited a significantly different zeta potential compared to fresh cultures; however, this condition could be restored by rehydration with the lysine mixture. Recovery of the surface charge was found to influence adhesion ability to the Caco-2 cell-line. The optimum lysine concentration of the formulation, designated “Zeta-bio”, was found to be 0.03 M for improving the viability of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Lp-115 by up to 13.86% and a 7-strain mixture (400B) to 41.99% compared to the control rehydrated with distilled water. In addition, the lysine Zeta-bio formulation notably increased the adherence ability of lyophilized Lp-115 to the Caco-2 cell-line after subjected to the in vitro stress conditions of the simulated gastrointestinal tract passage.

A likelihood-Based Approximate Solution to the Incidental Parameter Problem in Dynamic Nonlinear Models with Multiple Effects

Manuel Arellano,한진용 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2016 Global economic review Vol.45 No.3

We discuss a modified objective function strategy to obtain estimators without bias to order 1/T in nonlinear dynamic panel models with multiple effects. Estimation proceeds from a bias-corrected objective function relative to some target infeasible criterion. We consider a determinant-based approach for likelihood settings, and a trace-based approach, which is not restricted to the likelihood setup. Both approaches depend exclusively on the Hessian and the outer product of the scores of the fixed effects. They produce simple and transparent corrections even in models with multiple effects. We analyze the asymptotic properties of both types of estimators when n and T grow at the same rate, and show that they are asymptotically normal and centered at the truth. Our strategy is to develop a theory for general bias-corrected estimating equations, so that we can obtain asymptotic results for a specific bias correction method using the first-order conditions.

Yearning in Carlos Bulosan: Toward a Queer Working Class Consciousness

Jeffrey Arellano Cabusao 건국대학교 아시아·디아스포라 연구소 2017 International Journal of Diaspora&Cultural Critici Vol.7 No.1

Filipino author Carlos Bulosan (1911-1956) is a significant figure within the history of the Filipino Diaspora. As a member of the first wave of Filipino migrant workers (the Manong generation), Bulosan not only documents the struggles of Filipino migrant workers, but also explores their collective potential to mobilize for social justice. Today the Filipino Diaspora of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) is nearly 12 million. The experiences of women and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender OFWs require an analysis of gender and sexuality in relation to the racial-national subordination of the Filipino people. This paper explores the possibility of reading Bulosan’s work through the intersection of queer consciousness and class consciousness in ways that could make Bulosan relevant for contemporary social justice issues within the Filipino Diaspora.

Optimum Criss Crossing Cables in Multi-span Cable-stayed Bridges using Genetic Algorithms

Hiram Arellano,Dante Tolentino,Roberto Gómez 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.2

A multi-objective optimization approach in order to find the optimal cable overlap length in multi-span cable-stayed bridges with criss-cross cables is presented. The multi-objective optimization is solved by considering three objectives: 1) the cost of the cable system, 2) the displacement at the top of the pylon and 3) the alternate live load on the bridge. An unconventional criss-cross cable system configuration in which cables criss-cross at the center of intermediate spans is used for a bridge with five spans and four pylons. Taking into account both the cable overlap length and the different occurrences of alternate live load, the set of optimal solutions was obtained by the use of genetic algorithms. Results indicate that the optimal cable overlap length corresponds to three criss-crossing cables that corresponds to 0.28 times the length of the central span. Research on multi-span cable-stayed bridges with criss-cross cables allows the analysis of another solution for the problem of stabilizing the displacement of intermediate pylons in this kind of bridge.

Diasporic Blues Imagination: Filipino Becoming and African American Solidarity

Jeffrey Arellano Cabusao 건국대학교 아시아·디아스포라 연구소 2021 International Journal of Diaspora&Cultural Critici Vol.11 No.1

Filipinos are scattered all around the planet—forming a diasporic community of approximately 12 million. In the United States, there are over 4 million Filipinos. Mass migration of Filipinos is intimately intertwined with the unfolding history of the Philippines— a country still in the process of becoming free from its colonial past and neocolonial present. The art (literature and music) created by Filipino migrant artists is explored to gain insight into their understanding of the process of Filipino becoming. This paper examines the “Filipino blues” in Filipino migrant literature (Bienvenido Santos and Carlos Bulosan) and Filipino migrant popular music (Charmaine Clamor and Ruby Ibarra). The “Filipino blues” aesthetic in Filipino migrant art has a bridge-building function. On one hand, it sustains historical memory of solidarity between African Americans and Filipinos. On the other hand, it sustains historical linkages between Filipinos abroad (in the diaspora) and Filipinos in the Philippines mobilizing for self-determination and genuine sovereignty. By providing a feminist rearticulation of the “Filipino blues” of an earlier generation of Filipino migrant artists such as Bulosan and Santos, Clamor’s jazzipino and Ibarra’s hip hop highlight new dimensions of the Filipino diasporic blues imagination in the 21st century.

SUPPLY RESPONSE AND PRICE ANALYSES OF GALUNGGONG (ROUNDSCAD) IN THE PHILIPPINES

Christhaline A. Arellano,Julieta A. Delos Reyes,Emmanuel C. Flores 한국무역학회 2019 한국무역학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2019 No.08

The Philippine fishery is a vital sector to the economy which inched up by 0.97 percent contributed 13.45 percent to the total agricultural production. However, the country’s fisheries resources are rapidly being depleted and overexploited. One of the most important fishes for Filipinos is roundscad (Decapterus spp.) or commonly known as “galunggong”. It posted the biggest rate of decline in the second quarter of 2017, by 19.4 percent from 2016 to a volume of 59,000 metric tons (Galang, 2017). Data showed in November 2018 by Undersecretary Eduardo Gongona of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) that local production of galunggong in the country has declined for the last six years and, since 2008. It has not met the local demand of 300,000 metric tons (MT) of roundscad. In connection with this, Department of Agriculture Secretary Emmanuel Piñol signed the Certificate of Necessity or the authorization of roundscad importation last August 15, 2018 to ensure sufficient supply of galunggong during the holidays, when consumption is usually high (Rivas, 2018). Given this alarmingly rate of decline of fish catch and the relatively immense magnitude of employment and livelihood that depends on these fisheries industries, the implementation of the closed fishing season is seen as a crucial mechanism to improve the condition of these fisheries resources. The main objective of this study is to determine the factors affecting the supply of roundscad and to analyze roundscad prices and come up with policy imperatives on how the issues and problems of the roundscad industry can be addressed. The top roundscad supplying regions in the country are National Capital Region (NCR) and Zamboanga Peninsula (Region 9). Metro Manila is the top supplying province of the country. MIMAROPA and Central Visayas had the lowest price indices. The highest seasonal price index was also from MIMAROPA. Using secondary data on prices, volume of supply, FOB values, annual amount of rainfall, and annual temperature, the study found that the roundscad industry of the Philippines is has not progressed. Its supply is declining with increasing retail prices. Several factors affect the supply of roundscad which include: annual amount of rainfall, implementation of closed fishing season, and one-year lagged own wholesale price. There is a need to put together a national management plan to address the declining production of roundscad, which is considered one of the most economically important staple food fish in the country. The government, together with scientists and industry stakeholders should be able to solidify resolutions that will ensure the continued production of galunggong, as well as its long-term protection and conservation.

Evaluating high-resolution forecasts of atmospheric CO and CO₂ from a global prediction system during KORUS-AQ field campaign

Tang, Wenfu,Arellano, Avelino F.,DiGangi, Joshua P.,Choi, Yonghoon,Diskin, Glenn S.,Agustí,-Panareda, Anna,Parrington, Mark,Massart, Sebastien,Gaubert, Benjamin,Lee, Youngjae,Kim, Danbi,Jung, Ji Copernicus GmbH 2018 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol.18 No.15

<P><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> <span id='page11008'/>Accurate and consistent monitoring of anthropogenic combustion is imperative because of its significant health and environmental impacts, especially at city-to-regional scale. Here, we assess the performance of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) global prediction system using measurements from aircraft, ground sites, and ships during the Korea-United States Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) field study in May to June 2016. Our evaluation focuses on CAMS CO and <span class='inline-formula'>CO₂</span> analyses as well as two higher-resolution forecasts (16 and 9<span class='thinspace'></span>km horizontal resolution) to assess their capability in predicting combustion signatures over east Asia. Our results show a slight overestimation of CAMS <span class='inline-formula'>CO₂</span> with a mean bias against airborne <span class='inline-formula'>CO₂</span> measurements of 2.2, 0.7, and 0.3<span class='thinspace'></span>ppmv for 16 and 9<span class='thinspace'></span>km <span class='inline-formula'>CO₂</span> forecasts, and analyses, respectively. The positive <span class='inline-formula'>CO₂</span> mean bias in the 16<span class='thinspace'></span>km forecast appears to be consistent across the vertical profile of the measurements. In contrast, we find a moderate underestimation of CAMS CO with an overall bias against airborne CO measurements of <span class='inline-formula'>−</span>19.2 (16<span class='thinspace'></span>km), <span class='inline-formula'>−</span>16.7 (9<span class='thinspace'></span>km), and <span class='inline-formula'>−</span>20.7<span class='thinspace'></span>ppbv (analysis). This negative CO mean bias is mostly seen below 750<span class='thinspace'></span>hPa for all three forecast/analysis configurations. Despite these biases, CAMS shows a remarkable agreement with observed enhancement ratios of CO with <span class='inline-formula'>CO₂</span> over the Seoul metropolitan area and over the West (Yellow) Sea, where east Asian outflows were sampled during the study period. More efficient combustion is observed over Seoul (<span class='inline-formula'><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' id='M12' display='inline' overflow='scroll' dspmath='mathml'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>d</mi><mrow class='chem'><mi mathvariant='normal'>CO</mi></mrow><mo>/</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>d</mi><mrow class='chem'><msub><mi mathvariant='normal'>CO</mi><mn mathvariant='normal'>2</mn></msub></mrow><mo>=</mo><mn mathvariant='normal'>9</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='77pt' height='14pt' class='svg-formula' dspmath='mathimg' md5hash='e15dbed157728345ac15fd0589ea867d'><svg:image xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' xlink:href='acp-18-11007-2018-ie00001.svg' width='77pt' height='14pt' src='acp-18-11007-2018-ie00001.png'/></svg:svg></span></span><span class='thinspace'></span>ppbv<span class='thinspace'></span>ppmv<span class='inline-formula'>⁻¹</span>) compared to the West Sea (<span class='inline-formula'><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' id='M14' display='inline' overflow='scroll' dspmath='mathml'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>d</mi><mrow class='chem'><mi mathvariant='normal'>CO</mi></mrow><mo>/</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>d</mi><mrow class='chem'><msub><mi mathvariant='normal'>CO</mi><mn mathvariant='normal'>2</mn></msub></mrow><mo>=</mo><mn mathvariant='normal'>28</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='83pt' height='14pt' class='svg-formula' dspmath='mathimg' md5hash='3be8931fd245903ba9a1c1d59edabca9'><svg:image xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' xlink:href='acp-18-11007-2018-ie00002.svg' width='83pt' height='14pt' src='acp-18-11007-2018-ie00002.png'/></svg:svg></span></span><span class='thinspace'></span>ppbv<span class='thinspace'></span>pp