The anti-inflammatory effect of plant-derived metabolite in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells

Jangeun An,Seong-Ah Shin,Gyoungah Ryu,Minjoo Han,Huiji Kim,Chang Sup Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

Inflammation is an innate response towards the damage to our cells, which may be due to various stimuli (internal or external) and is essential to human health, but excessive inflammatory response may be detrimental to the host. Taking in consideration that the existing drugs for treatment of inflammatory diseases have various side effects such as allergic reactions, stomach ulcers, cardiovascular problems. There is a need for research of new anti-inflammatory drugs with low toxicity and less side effects. Therapeutic drugs made from components isolated from plants are less harmful and has potential to contribute as novel anti-inflammatory drugs. In our study, we examined phytochemicals whether they would be the candidates for anti-inflammatory drugs. At first, using MTT assay, we studied whether metabolites have cytotoxic effect in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Next, to confirm the anti-inflammatory effect, we measured the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). We found that the levels of NO and ROS was significantly decreased. Therefore, we propose that phytochemicals isolated from plants could have anti-inflammatory activity.

Regulator of Fatty Acid Metabolism, Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase 1, Controls T Cell Immunity

Lee, JangEun,Walsh, Matthew C.,Hoehn, Kyle L.,James, David E.,Wherry, E. John,Choi, Yongwon American Association of Immunologists 2014 Journal of Immunology Vol. No.

<P>Fatty acids (FAs) are essential constituents of cell membranes, signaling molecules, and bioenergetic substrates. Because CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells undergo both functional and metabolic changes during activation and differentiation, dynamic changes in FA metabolism also occur. However, the contributions of de novo lipogenesis to acquisition and maintenance of CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cell function are unclear. In this article, we demonstrate the role of FA synthesis in CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cell immunity. T cell–specific deletion of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase 1 (ACC1), an enzyme that catalyzes conversion of acetyl coenzyme A to malonyl coenzyme A, a carbon donor for long-chain FA synthesis, resulted in impaired peripheral persistence and homeostatic proliferation of CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells in naive mice. Loss of ACC1 did not compromise effector CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cell differentiation upon listeria infection but did result in a severe defect in Ag-specific CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cell accumulation because of increased death of proliferating cells. Furthermore, in vitro mitogenic stimulation demonstrated that defective blasting and survival of ACC1-deficient CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells could be rescued by provision of exogenous FA. These results suggest an essential role for ACC1-mediated de novo lipogenesis as a regulator of CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cell expansion, and may provide insights for therapeutic targets for interventions in autoimmune diseases, cancer, and chronic infections.</P>

전자장비 무기체계 고장률 기반 신뢰성 샘플링 계획의 비용 효과 최적 설계 방법

김장은(Jangeun Kim),정의영(Euiyoung Jeong),박용준(Yongjun Park),송형민(Hyungmin Song) 한국신뢰성학회 2021 신뢰성응용연구 Vol.21 No.1

Purpose: Realization of the dynamic requirements (reliability) in time involves a higher cost compared to that for static requirements (quality) in time. Therefore, a reliability sampling plan must be designed to enable the efficient realization of reliability tests. Notably to conduct such tests, a certain number of samples and test time are required to perform the statistical analysis after the development of the electronic equipment weapon system. Methods: The failure rate of the target electronic equipment is calculated based on MIL-HDBK-217, using an electronic equipment reliability prediction model. Based on the calculated failure rate, the total time required for the reliability sampling test is calculated through MIL-STD-690. Finally, based on the calculated total test time, the correlation between the number of sampled samples and test time, considering the total number of samples, is adopted to optimally design the failure rate sampling plan for the electronic equipment weapon system. Results: The proposed model to cost-effectively design the reliability sampling plan is applied to a domestically developed military DC-DC converter. The optimal cost-effectiveness is ensured when the input is KRW 64,064,731 [Constraint condition (n: Integer > 0, t: Real number > 0): c = 0, n = 59, t = 492.37 h]/KRW 64,081,117 [Constraint condition (n: Integer > 0, t: Integer > 0): c = 0, n = 58, t = 501 h]. Conclusion: The proposed model can be used to optimize the reliability sampling test plan for military electronic equipment in a cost-effective manner.

비용 효과도 최적화 기반 양산 무기체계 환경 부하 선별 시험 설계 방법

김장은(Jangeun Kim) 한국신뢰성학회 2018 신뢰성응용연구 Vol.18 No.3

Purpose: There is a difficulty in Environmental Stress Screening (ESS) test design for weapon system’s electrical/electronic components/products in small and medium-sized enterprises. To overcome this difficulty, I propose an easy ESS test design approach algorithm that is optimized with only one environment tolerance design information parameter (△T ). Methods: To propose the mass production weapon system ESS test design for cost-effective optimization, I define an optimum cost-effective mathematical model ESS test algorithm model based on modified MIL-HDBK-344, MIL-HDBK-2164 and DTIC Technical Report 2477. Results: I clearly confirmed and obtained the quantitative data of ESS effectiveness and cost optimization along our ESS test design algorithm through the practical case. I will expect that proposed ESS test method is used for ESS process improvement activity and cost cutting of mass production weapon system manufacturing cost in small and medium-sized enterprises. Conclusion: In order to compare the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, I compared the effectiveness of the existing ESS test and the proposed algorithm ESS test based on the existing weapon system circuit card assembly for signal processing. As a result of the comparison, it was confirmed that the test time was reduced from 573.0 minutes to 517.2minutes (9.74% less than existing test time).

미술관교육을 통한 미술관의 사회적 행위자로서의 공공성 실천에 대한 연구 : 국립현대미술관 사례를 중심으로

조장은 국립중앙박물관 2017 박물관 교육 Vol.1 No.-

본 연구는 국내 유일의 국립미술관인 국립현대미술관이 <미술관문화학교>, <미술관 교육 워크숍>, <미술관과 미술교육> 등 교육적 활동을 통해 공공성을 실천하는 사례를 살펴보았다. 또한 공적 자원이 개인과 사회의 문화자본으로 변환되는 현상과 성과를 교육·문화프로그램 참여자들의 인식 변화의 결과로 확인하였다. 오늘날의 미술관교육은 지엽적 의미에서의 교육적 활동이 아닌 사회적 행위로서 그 의미와 가치를 발견하고, 공공성 실천의 핵심 기제로서 당위성을 획득하여야 한다. 공공재원이 개인과 사회의 문화자본으로 변환되어 공적으로 재분배되는 사회적 실천과 지속적인 문화향유의 기반을 구축한다는 점은 미술관교육이 실현할 수 있는 미술관의 공적 가치라는 인식이 확산되어야 할 것이다. This paper aims to study and define the function, role and significance of museum education in this changing society on the premise that museum has public nature as social space. As the society had shifted towards postmodernism after social, political and cultural transformations in the 20th century, museum had gone through enormous changes. At this moment, museum needs to define its identity within its relationship with the society. For example, there are demands for social responsibility and response of museum from the public, deeper understanding and knowledge on museum, and the expansion of policies emphasizing educational activities. These factors point out the role of museum in the society and the justifiability of museum education. According to a survey among museum visitors, answered that the level of museum's social contribution was either very high or high. The result shows that the public regards museum as social space that operates in the relationship with the society. It also shows that the public expects MMCA to fulfill its public responsibility as a national institution. Today‘s museums are required to play effective roles for satisfying various demands from the society and the public. Museums should prove their justifiability and dynamics of existence and present new kinds of values in the context of changing society beyond their previously proven values. In this sense, the role of museum education should be redefined from the perspective that museum can organize and expand complicated networks among visitors and contemporary arts.

Anti-inflammatory effects of TP1 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 macrophages

Kim Minji,An Jangeun,Shin Seong-Ah,Moon Sun Young,Kim Moonsu,Choi Seyeon,Kim Huiji,Phi Kim-Hoa,Lee Jun Hyuck,Youn Ui Joung,Park Hyun Ho,Lee Chang Sup 한국응용생명화학회 2024 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.67 No.-

Inflammation is an essential defense mechanism in health; however, excessive inflammation contributes to the patho physiology of several chronic diseases. Although anti‑inflammatory drugs are essential for controlling inflammation, they have several side effects. Recent findings suggest that naturally derived compounds possess physiological activi ties, including anti‑inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, and immunomodulatory activities. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti‑inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of 2,5,6‑trimethoxy‑p‑terphenyl (TP1), extracted from the Antarctic lichen Stereocaulon alpinum, using in vitro models. TP1 treatment decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS‑stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages. Additionally, TP1 treatment significantly decreased the mRNA levels of pro‑inflammatory cytokines (IL‑1β, TNF‑α, IL‑6) and the mRNA and protein levels of the pro‑inflammatory enzymes (inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxyge nase‑2). Moreover, TP1 suppressed lipopolysaccharide‑induced phosphorylation of the NF‑κB and MAPK signaling pathways in Raw264.7 macrophages. Conclusively, these results suggest that TP1 ameliorates inflammation by sup pressing the expression of pro‑inflammatory cytokines, making it a potential anti‑inflammatory drug for the treatment of severe inflammatory diseases.

N차 다항식 보간법과 허프 변환을 이용한 원통형 수중 물체 영상 식별

정의철(Euicheol Jeong),심태보(Taebo Shim),김장은(Jangeun Kim) 대한전자공학회 2013 전자공학회논문지 Vol.50 No.2

본 연구에서는 허프 변환을 이용하여 원통형 수중 물체를 식별하는 방법을 제안한다. 이미 광학분야에서는 타원을 식별하는데 허프 변환을 많이 사용하고 있다. 하지만 수중 영상의 경우 낮은 해상도와 잡음 환경으로 인해서 광학에서 사용하는 허프 변환을 그대로 적용하기가 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수중 영상의 원통형 물체를 모델링 한 뒤 평균 필터와 다항식 보간법을 적용하여 허프 변환에 적합한 형태로 원통형 물체의 기하학적 깊이 정보를 다시 복원했다. 결과적으로 이 방법을 이용하여 타원 형태의 기하학적 깊이 정보를 복원하고 허프 변환을 적용한 결과 높은 타원 식별률을 나타내었다. In this paper, underwater acoustic image classification of a cylindrical object using the Hough transformation is proposed. Hough transformation is often used to classify a cylindrical object in the optical systems. However, it is difficult to apply to the underwater acoustic image system because of lower resolution and noisier underwater environments. Thus, the cylindrical object was modeled and its geometric depth(GD) pixels were restored in order to make them suitable for the Hough transformation by using moving average filter and a polynomial interpolation method. As a result, restored GD pixels are similar to original ones and test results show high performance in classification.

Anti-inflammatory effect of metabolite A derived from plants in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 cells

Gyoungah Ryu,Seong-Ah Shin,Minjoo Han,Jangeun An,Huiji Kim,Chang Sup Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

Inflammation is a host defensive response to cellular injury, which intends to remove pathogenic factor. However, excessive inflammation induces many inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and sepsis. Currently, although numerous anti-inflammatory drugs are commercially available, their use is limited due to side effects. Accordingly, the need for pharmaceutical phytochemicals with fewer side effects is increasing, compared to synthetic chemicals. In this study, we demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of metabolite A, a product derived from plant, that could use for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Metabolite A was not shown cell cytotoxicity in Raw264.7 cell. Also, we identified that the metabolite A inhibited the production of Nitric oxide (NO)/Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and decreased mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, iNOS, and COX-2 in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 cells. These results indicate that the metabolite A can reduce LPS-induced inflammatory responses. Therefore, it suggests that the metabolite A could be applied as an anti-inflammatory drug candidate.

Afrormosin exerts an anticancer effect via MAPK and AKT signaling pathways in B16F10 cells

Kim Huiji,Han Minjoo,Shin Seong-Ah,An Jangeun,Ahn Mi-Jeong,Lee Jun Hyuck,Park Hyun Ho,Lee Chang Sup 한국응용생명화학회 2022 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.65 No.6

Melanoma is a deadly skin cancer with high mortality, and its incidence is increasing every year. Although numerous anticancer drugs have been developed, these treatments have various side effects, such as skin rash, fatigue, diarrhea, cough, and muscle pain. Therefore, there is a need for research on novel anticancer drugs with low cytotoxicity and few side effects. In this study, we investigated whether afrormosin (7-hydroxy-4′,6-dimethoxyisoflavone), a member of the isoflavonoid family, could have the potential as a novel anticancer drug. Afrormosin decreased the viability of B16F10 melanoma cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. We also found that the afrormosin-induced decrease in cell viability was caused by the reduction of cell proliferation through Go/G1 arrest and the induction of apoptosis in B16F10 melanoma cells. Furthermore, afrormosin decreased the metastatic activity (cell invasion and migration) of B16F10 melanoma cells. At the molecular level, afrormosin reduced the levels of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, and augmented the levels of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein, and p53, a tumor suppressor. Additionally, procaspase-3 levels were reduced by afrormosin treatment. When we examined the signaling pathways affected by afrormosin, we found that the AKT/ERK pathways were inhibited and the p38/JNK pathway was activated by afrormosin. Collectively, these results suggest the potential anticancer effect of afrormosin, making it a prospective candidate for development as an anticancer drug.

The anti-cancer effect by phytochemical in B16F10 cell

Huiji Kim,Seong-Ah Shin,Gyoungah Ryu,Minjoo Han,Jangeun An,Chang Sup Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

Cancer which is defined by abnormal growth of cells, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Since the anticancer drugs that are currently available elicit various adverse side effects, a need for discovering new drug candidates has become crucial. Recently, natural compounds such as phytochemicals, are attracting attention as potential anticancer agents owing to their lower adverse effects, compared to synthetic drugs. In our study in order to examine the anti-cancer effect of phytochemical, we have selected the murine melanoma cell line B16F10. Firstly, to verify the cytotoxicity of phytochemical, MTT assay was performed. We found that phytochemical reduced cell viability of B16F10 cells and thus, could have anticancer effect. In addition, we performed wound healing assays to investigate whether phytochemical affected cell migration. We idendified that phytochemical inhibited cell migration in B16F10 cells. Therefore, we suggest that phytochemical has anticancer activity and has the potential to be an anticancer agent.