산학협력 패턴과 정책적 시사점

이병헌(Byungheon Lee),장지호(Jiho Jang),허현회(Hyunhoe Huh) 한국정책분석평가학회 2005 政策分析評價學會報 Vol.15 No.3

Based on the survey data from 550 Korean corporate R&D centers, this study is to analyzes the patterns of industry-academy collaborations in Korean national innovation system. The analysis reveals that more than half of the corporate R&D centers involved in the collaborations with local universities and/or public R&D institutes. However, the outcomes of the collaboration are not so sufficient to improve technological capabilities of participant firms. Most of the collaborations are short-term, application oriented, small cooperative R&D projects which are not helpful for the accumulation of advanced technologies. The data also shows that the collaboration between industry-academy is quite vivid while the industry-industry collaboration is rare. These results imply the cooperative R&D activities of firms in Korea are quite dependent on the government support program and subsidy. Finally, this study proposed several policy alternatives to change Korean industry-academy collaboration system from government driven to market driven system.

정부 기술개발 지원사업이 중소기업의 혁신활동에 미치는 영향

이병헌(Byungheon Lee),박상문(Sangmoon Park) 강원대학교 경영경제연구소 2020 Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Vol.11 No.4

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of government R&D programs on firm innovation activities. Design/methodology/approach - This study analyzed survey data on innovation survey in Korea. To investigate our research hypothesis we used ordered logit regression analysis. Findings - This study unveils different effects of diverse government R&D programs on firm innovation activities. Most of government programs-R&D tax incentives, information/training, and marketing supports-have positive effects on management innovation activities and negative effects of the usage of procurement programs on management innovation efforts. Some government programs-R&D tax incentives, R&D grants, information/training-have positive effects on technological innovation activities. Research implications or Originality - This paper investigates the effects of diverse government R&D programs on technological and management innovation activities. We examine simultaneous effects of multiple government R&D programs rather than effects of independent R&D programs. This result can contribute to develop more effective government R&D programs to support firm innovation activities.

우리나라 중소기업 지원 프로그램의 현황과 문제점 고찰

이병헌(Byungheon Lee),장지호(Jiho Jang) 한국정책분석평가학회 2006 政策分析評價學會報 Vol.16 No.1

  While the Korean government has increased the budgetary supports on small businesses since the late 1990s, the competitiveness gap between large and small firms has been widened. This study explores various policy measures under the Roh-government, classifying them and pointing out their problems from a technological innovation perspective. Analyzing eight policies in different functional areas, such as funding, venture incubation, technology development supports, marketing supports, management consulting, information providing, labor supply and cooperation among businesses, this study finds that most of government support programs are not effective for the technological innovations of small business. It seems to be originated from short-termed policy goals and resource-input oriented policy implementation. Based upon the analyses, several policy alternatives are suggested to facilitate the technological innovations of small businesses.

Zr과 ZrNi로 구성된 고체연료의 노화 연구 Part 2: 화학반응식 추출 및 성능모사

한병헌(Byungheon Han),박윤식(Yoonsik Park),K. Gnanaprakash,류재용(Jaeyong Yoo),여재익(Jai-ick Yoh) 한국추진공학회 2020 한국추진공학회지 Vol.24 No.2

자동차 내장부품용 스크래치 개선 첨가제 개발

정병헌(Byungheon Jeong) 한국고분자학회 2019 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.44 No.1

Zr과 ZrNi로 구성된 고체연료의 노화 연구 Part 1: 열/화학/분광학적 분석

한병헌(Byungheon Han),류지훈(Jihoon Ryu),양준호(Junho Yang),오주영(Juyoung Oh),K. Gnanaprakash,여재익(Jai-ick Yoh) 한국추진공학회 2020 한국추진공학회지 Vol.24 No.2

홀리스틱교육 패러다임의 교육적 · 시대적 의미 고찰

고병헌(Go Byungheon) 한국홀리스틱융합교육학회 2007 홀리스틱융합교육연구 Vol.11 No.1

문명의 위기를 맞이한 지금, 현대문명을 지켜온 인간관, 세계관, 교육관을 그대로 둔 채 기술적 차원의 접근만으로 문제를 해결할 수 없으며, 홀리스틱교육 패러다임이 문제해결을 위한 하나의 대안일 수 있다. 그런데 홀리스틱교육의 교육적ㆍ시대적 의미는 분과학문의 다양한 앎(知)들을 통섭하였다든지, 인문학을 도입하였다든지, 인위적 구분과 경계를 넘나드는 홀리스틱적 접근을 시도했다든 지, 또는 그 자체의 이론적 체계성에서 오는 것이 아니라, 그러한 교육을 받은 사람의 삶의 ‘결’에서 드러난다. 홀리스틱교육 패러다임이 시대적 변화에 대응하고 교육적 요구에 부응할 수 있는 하나의 훌륭한 대안일 수 있는 이유는 홀리스틱교육이 인간이나 교육을 바라보는 우리의 눈과 사고 방식을 전환시키고, 나아가 실제 세계에 대한 명확한 관점을 제공할 수 있기 때문이다. 만약 홀리스틱교육이 기존의 분과학문 영역처럼 자기 고유의 이론체계 구축에만 집착한다면, 그것은 지식의 통섭이라는 시대적 추세와 요구에도 역행하는 일일 뿐만 아니라, 홀리스틱교육의 본래적 힘을 포기 하는 의미가 될 것이다. 홀리스틱교육이 올바르게 발전하는 길은 그것이 우리들 삶의 동력으로 기능할 수 있게 하는 것이다. Nowadays, education, especially lifelong learning becomes increasingly important as one of the core factors for a country"s competitiveness. In the case of Korea, however, the "learning divide" is continually disadvantaging significant groups of people so that "learning divide" tends to be the top ranked social problem. As an alternative strategy to cope with this educational and further, social polarization, therefore, Korean government has been incrementally focusing on cultivating their people"s "human capital", but this has not worked as it is intended. It cannot be, on the contrary, a coincidence that the recent World Economic Forum report on global competitiveness listed all five Nordic countries among the top 10, which are commonly emphasizing the importance of holistic approach to lifelong learning. With the cooperation with the consilience of knowledges, informations and/or disciplines, and with the inclusion of the humanities, holistic educational approach should make "education" or "learning" as a core tool for developing and re-designing and upgrading the quality of our lives as well as developing Korea economically, politically and culturally.

<사씨남정기>의 인물 형상과 지향

정병헌(Chung Byungheon) 한국언어문학회 2009 한국언어문학 Vol.70 No.-

Sassi Namjeong-Gi' is said to be a work suggesting the model of domestic novel. The reason why it may be a good example of a fiction concerning affairs of family members is the author shows not only his intention of writing the novel but also how to make readers to consider characters as real human beings to his followers. There are three major characters in this work; A lady from a noble family, called 'Jeongok Sa', the lawful wife of 'Yeonsoo Yoo', the only male character playing major role in this novel, unwilling to be take his responsibility of balancing between the first wife and his vicious concubine, named 'Chaeran Gyo', the third character of those three. Jeongok Sa, the virtuous woman as a wife of Yeonsoo Yoo, represents the ideal type of housewife in medieval society. She is well-educated enough to be ready for giving up everything she has for fulfilling her obligation as a noble woman in the most difficult situation she may meet. On ordinary occasion when that kind of situation hardly happens, pretending like her seems pretty easy to ordinary females and this seems one of author's intention to educate ladies in Yi dynasty. The vicious concubine, Chaeran Gyo, can be described as a materialist persuading wealth. Apparently, she looked more real human than Jeongok Sa to the ordinary readers lower than noble class in Yi dynasty. However, this is true that she is a woman forced to do like that way by the unseen force of social framework in that era. That is not a personal issue but a public issue. Despite of the fact that social system is to blame, the author tries to hide the real problem of that society by charging her, herself alone. She can be considered as a scapegoat. The head of Yoo's family, Yeonsoo Yoo, has a power over his family but he has no ability to mediate between his wife and concubine. He abandons his authority as a leader. He locates himself as an on-looker. We can discover the fact that whether a family's issue is revealed or not is not the matter of ability of the head of that family from his failure as a husband. He is a stereotyped husband which social framework of Yi dynasty makes. Through the creation of human style that a society demands, this novel not only suggests the goal of the society, but also it reveals problems of that society. The humble lives of concubines and cruel treats toward 'Seoeul' (children from concubines) are generally accepted in Yi dynasty. The characters in this novel may be created from author's purpose of keeping social status of upper-class by presenting the goal and idea of the society with intentional distortion of the reality. Meanwhile, we may find, from the novel, the intention of the author for his own protection against any possible accusation of his criticizing the problems of social systems by elite class which he belongs to in his society.

장월중선의 판소리세계와 위상

정병헌 ( Chung Byungheon ) 판소리학회 2014 판소리연구 Vol.38 No.-

장월중선은 박동실로부터 <심청가>와 <열사가>를 전수받았다. 그런데 이 <심청가>는 그 음악적 구성이나 사설의 변화에 있어 여타의 <심청가>와 의미 있는 차이를 보이고 있다.이 <심청가>는 기본 줄거리의 설정에 있어서는 다른 작품과 공통적이지만, 심청이 제물로 팔려나가는 설정이나 선인과의 관계, 심청이 팔려간 뒤의 심봉사가 보이는 행동, 그리고 심봉사가 눈을 뜨는 과정에 있어 상당한 정도의 차이를 보이고 있는 것이다.박동실은 이날치로부터 이 <심청가>를 전수받았는데, 이는 동편제의 판소리 개혁에 앞서 존재했던 ‘원형’ 심청가라고 할 수 있다. 장월중선은 이날치로부터 김채만, 박동실을 통하여 전수받은 고형(古形)의 <심청가>를 오롯이 그 딸인 정순임에게 넘겨주었다.박동실로부터 이어받은 <열사가>는 해방 전후에 박동실이 창작 전수한 것으로 알려져 있는데, <유관순열사가>는 오로지 장월중선을 통하여 정순임이 이어 받아 연창하고 있다. 이준, 안중근, 윤봉길의 행적을 읊은 ‘삼열사가’와 함께 이 <유관순열사가>는 판소리가 연창 가능한 영역의 확대를 실험해 보였다는 의미를 가지고 있다.박동실로부터 이어지는 <심청가>는 장월중선의 뒤를 이어 정순임만이 연창의 끈을 잇고 있다. 장월중선은 판소리 흐름의 중요한 흐름의 하나를 굳세게 유지하고 이를 후세에 넘겨줌으로써 판소리사의 단절을 극복하였다는 역사적 의미를 가지고 있다. Woljungson Chang had acquired Shimchung-ga and Yulsa-ga from Dongsil Park. This Shimchung-ga has significant differences on the musical arrangement and the plot of the story, compared with others.The basic story has the same, but there are many differences in the situation of Chung Shim being sold as a sacrificial offering, her relation with the sailors, the blind Shim's action after the separation from her daughter, and the process of opening his eyes.Dongsil Park has acquired this song from Nalchi Lee, which was ‘old’Shimchung-ga before the reformation of East stream pansori. Acquiring a solid Shimchung-ga from Chaeman Kim and Dongsil Park who had also acquired it from Nalchi Lee, Woljungson Chang gave a special study completely to her daughter Sunim Chung.Yulsa-ga from Dongsil Park is known as his original creative work after the Korean Liberation from Japan. Among them, Yugwansun Yulsa-ga is performed only by Sunim Chung after Woljungson Chang. Yugwansun Yulsa-ga has a very important meaning to open the possibility of performing pansori together with Three Yulsa-ga to chant the achievements of Jun Lee, Junggeun An and Bonggil Yun.Woljungson Chang and Aisoon Han who acquired Shimchung-ga from Dongsil Park were dead, and Sunim Chung, Woljungson Chang's daughter is performing only by herself. We can see the historical significance of Woljungson Chang keeping concretely one of most important flows of pansori, and turning over to posterity for the overcome of its interruption.

『왕오천축국전』의 문학적 성격과 삽입시의 이미지 고찰

정병헌 ( Chung Byungheon ) 한국고전문학교육학회 2013 고전문학과 교육 Vol.25 No.-

『왕오천축국전』은 출발과 귀환의 여정을 담은 훌륭한 기행수필이다. 그 글쓰기 방식이 어떠한가는 이 작품이 무엇을 지향하고 있는가를 말할 뿐, 이 작품이 수필인가 아닌가를 결정하는 요소가 될 수는 없다. 수필은 허구와 상상력을 지향하는 극단의 문학과 실제와 보고를 지향하는 극단의 실용문 사이에 위치한다. 따라서 수필은 문학과 비문학의 접점에 놓인다는 점에서 양면을 아우르는 언어 형태라고 할 수 있다. 『왕오천축국전』은 그 첫 기록의 상당한 부분을 잃은 채 우리에게 남겨진 수필문학인 것이다. 『왕오천축국전』의 글쓰기는 자신의 주관을 철저히 억누른 채 사실만의 보고와 기록에 치중하고 있다. 억눌려진 주관적 정서는 중간중간 삽입된 시에서 집약되어 분출되고 있다. 이러한 글쓰기 방식은 인도의 구법(求法) 여행을 기록한 글에서 시도되었던 방식이다. 혜초는 다양한 글쓰기 방식 중 자신에게 가장 합당한 글쓰기 방식을 선택했던 것이다. 이러한 글쓰기 방식은 변방인 신라에서 온 젊은 승려의 신분에서 초래되는 거부감이나 이질감을 해소하는 데 효과적인 방법이라고 할 수 있다. 실제로 『왕오천축국전』은 독서의 측면에서 그 이전에 이루어진 중국 승려의 여행기와는 비교할 수 없을 정도로 한정되어 있다. 먼 이역의 굴 속에, 전체도 아닌 부분만의 모습으로 남겨진 것도 그를 둘러싼 환경에서 연유했을 것이다. 혜초는 자신이 처한 환경을 철저하게 인식하고, 힘든 여정을 통과한 젊은 수도승으로서의 모습과 인간적인 감정을 적절하게 배합하여 제시했던 것이다. 이를 통하여 그는 힘든 과정을 극복한 승려로서의 위상을 확립할 수 있었다. 혜초는 그의 『왕오천축국전』에 다섯 편의 시를 남김으로써 우리 한시사의 초기를 풍요롭게 장식하였다. 그의 시는 현장과 직접 맞닿은 지점에서 이루어졌다는 점에서, 초기 시의 제작 모습을 잘 보여주고 있다. 시는 본래 현장 속에서 이루어졌기 때문에 질박하지만, 강렬한 감정의 표출을 보여준다. 혜초의 시는 전문적인 시인으로서의 세련화 과정을 거치지 않았기 때문에 오히려 초기 시가 지향하는 모습을 간직하고 있다. 그의 시는 근원에서 멀리 떨어진 데서 오는 분리와 허무감, 그리고 이를 극복하는 의지를 드러내고 있다. 혜초 시의 이미지는 고향을 떠나고, 스승을 떠나고, 불법을 떠난 지점에서 오는 허무감을 구체화한 대상으로 형상화 되어 있는 것이다. 혜초의 시는 시가 이루어지는 현장과 그 시를 직접 보여주었다는 점에서 우리 문학사에서 소중한 자료로 인식된다. 설화 속에 등장하는 고대의 시가나 을지문덕의 시만으로 만족했던 우리의 시문학사는 혜초의 시가 있음으로써 보다 풍요로워질 수 있게 된 것이다. WangOcheonchukkukJeon is an excellent travel essay on the whole journey from departure to return. The essay is between extreme literature- aiming for fiction and imagination- and extreme practical writing -aiming for reality and report. The essay has a linguistic structure that combines both sides because it is located in between literature and epigraphy. WangOcheonchukkukJeon clearly shows this character of essay, even though most of its first draft is missing. The writing style of WangOcheonchukkukJeon strictly oppressed the writer's personal feelings and mainly focused on reporting and keeping records of facts. Oppressed emotions, however, are burst out during the inserted poems. Hyecho chose the most suitable writing style. This writing style is effective in reducing alienation and objection which can be caused by the fact that he was a young monk from the foreign country, Shin-la. Hyecho presents the character of a young monk who understands his circumstances and goes through hard journey, and he eventually combines it with his personal feelings. Throughout this process, he establishes his status as a monk who overcomes the arduous process of journey. Hyecho wrote 5 poems in WangOcheonchukkukJeon and it made the early stage of the history of Korean poetry more prosperous. His poetry shows the making process of early poetry; it was developed at the very scene where it actually happened. As simple as the poetry may be, since it is made through the real experience, it expresses strong emotions at the same time. The image of Hyecho's poems shows emptiness that he felt because of the distance from the origin and also his will to overcome it. He directly presents his emptiness from leaving his hometown and teacher and also establish the image of confronting his emptiness. The poetry by Hyecho plays a significant role in the history of our literature because it clearly shows the poetry and the actual scene where the poetry is made. Our literary history, which only encountered old poems from tales or poetry by Euljimunduk until the discovery of WangOchenchukkukJeon, could become more enriched by Hyecho's poems.