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The Transfer of the Remittance Fee from the Migrant to the Household
( Akira Shimada ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2010 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.25 No.3
This paper discusses the problem of increasing remittances. It is often argued that the remittance fee needs to be lowered to increase remittances. We show that remittances become larger by increasing the receiving fee whereas they become larger by reducing the sending fee. We also show that, by transferring the sending fee from the migrant to the household, remittances become larger than those without the transfer. It is shown that for this purpose the home country`s government can collect the sending fee from the household as taxes, and to pay it to the migrant as a subsidy.
Parental Migration, Family Migration, and Human Capital Formation
Akira Shimada 한국경제연구학회 2014 Korea and the World Economy Vol.15 No.3
I clarify how internal migration affects child’s human capital formation via home education, i.e., the parental care of the child as well as school education. If home education is less effective in building human capital, parental migration is preferred and it produces larger human capital. On the other hand, if home education is highly effective and the parent is not less altruistic towards the child, family migration is preferred and it produces larger human capital. However, even if it is highly effective, parental migration is preferred if he is less altruistic. Therefore, the role of home education in building human capital depends on the degree of the parent’s altruism as well as its effectiveness.
Increasing the Effectiveness of the Study Migrants’ Acceptance Policy
Akira Shimada 한국경제연구학회 2021 Korea and the World Economy Vol.22 No.1
This study investigates analytically how the country can increase the effectiveness of the study migrants acceptance policy. In particular, this study attempts to find a way of increasing domestic human capital by accepting study migrants. This study reveals that to raise the effectiveness of the policy, the host country’s government should regulate acceptance according to their innate ability Also, if unskilled regular jobs are available to study migrants in the host country after education, the host country s government should implement policies to encourage them to receive an education.
Wage Disparities and Internal Migration Patterns
Akira Shimada 한국경제연구학회 2016 Korea and the World Economy Vol.17 No.1
I investigate how the choice of migration pattern is associated with wage disparities. Wage disparities have negative as well as positive effects on human capital formation under parental migration, whereas they have positive effects under family migration. It is possible that parental migration is more likely preferred to family migration with decreases in wage disparities, whereas family migration is more likely preferred to parental migration with increases in wage disparities. My results suggest that not only do wage disparities cause internal migration but also affect the choice of the internal migration pattern and that they may facilitate human capital formation.
The Effects of Deregulation of the Immigration Policy on Study Migrants’ Human Capital Formation
Akira Shimada 한국경제연구학회 2023 Korea and the World Economy Vol.24 No.1
This study attempts to clarify whether deregulated immigration policy is compatible with the study migrants’ acceptance policies. In particular, this study analytically investigates how opening skilled and unskilled jobs to non-natives affects study migrants’ human capital formation. This study shows that the deregulated immigration policy is compatible with the study migrants’ acceptance policy. In other words, study migrants do not reduce the formation of skilled human capital, even if immigration policy is deregulated. This study provides theoretical support for simultaneously conducting the study migrants’ acceptance policy and deregulated immigration policy.
Sensor-less grasping control on two-fingered robot hands
Akira Shimada,Kenichi Sonoda,Yuki Satoh 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
This paper introduces a sensor-less grasping control technique for two finger robot hands. Each finger of the prototype of hands consists of two links driven by electrical motors and mechanical spring is mounted on each joint. That is the fingers can move and realize intended poses against the force of springs. But it causes the necessary condition of observability and we can design an observer in order to estimate the joint angles of fingers. The basic principle and a few brief applications of the sensor-less control technique was already presented by Shimada et.al, but our reserch is extended to practical robot hand systems in this paper. Although rotary encoders are mounted on all of joints, they are used not to control but only to detect the joint angles in order to evaluate the presented sensor-less control technique.
International Migration of Labor, Efficiency Wages, and Monetary Policies
( Akira Shimada ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2007 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.22 No.1
Assuming a symmetric two-country economy with labor migration and efficiency wages, we investigate which of the two regimes, non-cooperation or intergovernment cooperation, is advantageous. We show that not only the utility of the policy authority but also that of the workers is higher under inter-government cooperation than under non-cooperation, provided that migration flows are sufficiently sensitive to changes in real-consumption wage differentials. Our result is in contrast to the one derived by Agiomirgianakis (1998); according to him, in a two-country economy with labor migration and labor unions, only the policy authority can attain the higher utility under inter-government cooperation.
Does Migration Encourage Human Capital Formation in Labor-Sending Country?
( Akira Shimada ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2013 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.28 No.4
This study investigates the effects of migration possibilities on the demand for education and human capital formation in the labour-sending country. The paper assumes that workers have to pay a pecuniary cost privately to receive education under budget constraints. It was found that higher migration possibilities result in an increase in the number of workers who demand education due to increases in its return. However, these workers lower the individual demand for education due to price increases. When the education supply is insufficient, higher migration possibilities may lower average human capital; that is, a brain drain may occur. This contrasts with the usual argument that emphasises the positive effect of migration possibilities. Restrictive immigration policies were found not to be completely detrimental to labour-sending countries since such policies may enhance the human capital formation.
The Role of Altruism in Sending and Spending Remittances
Akira Shimada 대외경제정책연구원 2011 East Asian Economic Review Vol.15 No.2
We investigate the effects of altruism on migrants’ decisions to send money home and on their households’ decisions to invest or to consume those remittances. Previous studies have devoted extensive attention to migrants’ altruism toward recipients and little to recipients’altruism toward migrants. We find that the migrant sends larger remittances home when he feels more altruistic toward other household members, while he may send nothing if he feels less altruistic. We also find that other household members in the home country likely consume rather than invest remittances if they are highly altruistic toward the migrant. Our results may partially explain why countries receiving large remittances do not always make large investments, and suggest that altruism among household members does not necessarily enhance a country’s development and growth through remittances.