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( Supardy Nor Afifah ),( Darah Ibrahim ),( Shaida Fariza Sulaiman ),( Nurul Aili Zakaria ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.6
The inhibitory effect of the Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 strain caused by the hexane extract of Halimeda discoidea (Nor Afifah et al., 2010) was further evaluated by means of the microscopy view and its growth curves. The morphological changes of the K. pneumoniae ATCC 13883 cells were observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) after they were treated at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC; 0.50 mg/ml) (Nor Afifah et al., 2010) for 12, 24, and 36 h. The results showed the severity of the morphological deteriorations experienced by the treated cells. The killing curve assay was performed for 48 h at three different extract concentrations (1/2 MIC, MIC, and 2 MIC). An increase in the extract concentration of up to 2 MIC value did significantly reduce the number of cells by approximately 1.9 log10, as compared with the control. Identification of the potential compounds of the extract responsible for the antibacterial activity was carried out through the gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GCMS) analysis of the active subfraction, and the compound E-15-heptadecenal was identified and suggested as the most potential antibacterial compound of this extract. The subsequent cellular degenerations showed by the data might well explain the inhibitory mechanisms of the suggested antibacterial compound. All of these inhibitory effects have further proven the presence of an antibacterial compound within H. discoidea that can inhibit the growth of K. pneumoniae ATCC 13883.
( Afifah M. Ashari ),( Shahliza Abd Halim ),( Dayang N. A. Jawawi ),( Ushananthiny Suvelayutnan ),( Mohd Adham Isa ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.7
Patient Navigation Program (PNP) is considered as an important implementation of health care systems that can assist in patient’s treatment. Due to the feasibility of PNP implementation, a systematic reuse is needed for a wide adoption of PNP computerized system. SPL is one of the promising systematic reuse approaches for creating a reusable architecture to enabled reuse in several similar applications of PNP systems which has its own variations with other applications. However, stakeholder decision making which result from the imprecise, uncertain, and subjective nature of architecture selection based on quality attributes (QA) further hinders the development of the product line architecture. Therefore, this study aims to propose a quality-driven approach using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) techniques for Software Product Line Architecture (SPLA) to have an objective selection based on the QA of stakeholders in the domain of PNP. There are two steps proposed to this approach. First, a clear representation of quality is proposed by extending feature model (FM) with QA feature to determine the QA in the early phase of architecture selection. Second, MCDA techniques were applied for architecture selection based on objective preference for certain QA in the domain of PNP. The result of the proposed approach is the implementation of the PNP system with SPLA that had been selected using MCDA techniques. Evaluation for the approach is done by checking the approach’s applicability in a case study and stakeholder validation. Evaluation on ease of use and usefulness of the approach with selected stakeholders have shown positive responses. The evaluation results proved that the proposed approach assisted in the implementation of PNP systems.
Afifah, Diana Nur,Sulchan, Muhammad,Syah, Dahrul,Yanti, Yanti,Suhartono, Maggy Thenawidjaja,Kim, Jeong Hwan The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2014 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.19 No.3
Bacillus pumilus 2.g isolated from gembus, an Indonesian fermented soybean cake, secretes several proteases that have strong fibrinolytic activities. A fibrinolytic enzyme with an apparent molecular weight of 20 kDa was purified from the culture supernatant of B. pumilus 2.g by sequential application of ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and hydrophobic chromatography. The partially purified enzyme was stable between pH 5 and pH 9 and temperature of less than $60^{\circ}C$. Fibrinolytic activity was increased by 5 mM $MgCl_2$ and 5 mM $CaCl_2$ but inhibited by 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 1 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The partially purified enzyme quickly degraded the ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ chains of fibrinogen but was unable to degrade the ${\gamma}$ chain.
Sole Proprietorship Business Succession in Malaysia: A Perspective of Civil and Islamic Law*
Afifah HAMDAN,Nasrul Hisyam NOR MUHAMAD,Mohd Khairy KAMARUDIN,Abdul Basit SAMAT@DARAWI,Nik Mohd Zaim AB RAHIM,Nur Izzati MOHAMAD NORZILAN 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.3
Issues relating to business inheritance are a primary focus for business owners. Business inheritance is critical to ensuring that the business can be managed by the next generation and family members can benefit from the earnings and revenues. Therefore, preliminary planning must be done while the business owner is still alive by selecting the appropriate business inheritance mechanism for Muslims in Malaysia. The mechanisms of business inheritance, notably faraid, hibah, amanah, and hibah amanah will be examined in this paper from both a civil and Islamic perspective. By reviewing written journals and previous research, this research utilizes the library method. According to this study, business succession can be carried out by naming a beneficiary as a partner in the company or by completing the ownership transfer process while the owner is still living. In the other situation, it can be done by anyone among the heirs agreeing to re-register the business as usual. Meanwhile, there are four main instruments in Islamic law that can be used: faraid, hibah, amanah, and commercial hibah. According to this study, each instrument has a different impact on business succession. Entrepreneurs should use these instruments in their firm succession planning.
Diana Nur Afifah,Muhammad Sulchan,Dahrul Syah,Yanti,Maggy Thenawidjaja Suhartono,김정환 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.19 No.3
Bacillus pumilus 2.g isolated from gembus, an Indonesian fermented soybean cake, secretes several proteases that have strong fibrinolytic activities. A fibrinolytic enzyme with an apparent molecular weight of 20 kDa was purified from the culture supernatant of B. pumilus 2.g by sequential application of ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and hydrophobic chromatography. The partially purified enzyme was stable between pH 5 and pH 9 and temperature of less than 60oC. Fibrinolytic activity was increased by 5 mM MgCl2 and 5 mM CaCl2 but inhibited by 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 1 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The partially purified enzyme quickly degrades the α and β chains of fibrinogen but cannot degrade the γ chain.
Diana Nur Afifah,Muhammad Sulchan,Dahrul Syah,Yanti,Maggy Thenawidjaja Suhartono,Jeong Hwan Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.19 No.3
Bacillus pumilus 2.g isolated from gembus, an Indonesian fermented soybean cake, secretes several proteases that have strong fibrinolytic activities. A fibrinolytic enzyme with an apparent molecular weight of 20 kDa was purified from the culture supernatant of B. pumilus 2.g by sequential application of ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and hydrophobic chromatography. The partially purified enzyme was stable between pH 5 and pH 9 and temperature of less than 60 ℃. Fibrinolytic activity was increased by 5 mM MgCl2 and 5 mM CaCl2 but inhibited by 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 1 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The partially purified enzyme quickly degraded the α and β chains of fibrinogen but was unable to degrade the γ hain.
Design of Low Power Clock Extractor Circuit for 13.56 MHz Contactless Smart Card Tag IC
Trio Adiono,Khilda Afifah,Suksmandhira Harimurti,Prasetiyo,Amy Hamidah Salman 대한전자공학회 2017 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.1
In passive contactless smart card, it requires low power circuit design. One of the circuit is clock extractor. This circuit is used for processing the data communication between the reader and tag. To generate the clock from incoming RF signal which is sinusoidal signal is used Schmitt trigger as hysteresis comparator. The idea is to compare the incoming 13.56 MHz sinusoidal signal with the threshold then generate 13.56 MHz clock from the result. The hysteresis comparator will overcome the noise in the incoming signal. This circuit also needs half-wave rectifier circuit to rectify sinusoidal sine wave. Because of low power requirement and also high power efficiency conversion, it is used CMOS differential rectifier. This paper present both the design of the schematic and layout of low power clock extractor circuit in 13.56 MHz contactless smart card tag using 180 nm technology. The design is tested using inductive coupling model from multi bit rate input signal based on 13.56 MHz contactless smartcard signal interface standard (ISO 14443-2).
Dwi IRAWAN,Sri Wibawani Wahyuning ASTUTI,Nur AFIFAH 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.7
The aim of this research is to provide empirical evidence on the impact of CSR disclosure on earnings management and firm value. The population used in this study were all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2018. The sample in this study was 114 companies selected through purposive sampling. The results of data analysis show that CSR has a positive effect on Firm Value. CSR disclosure is one form of activity that companies carry out in influencing their stakeholder decisions. This is by the theory that a company is not an entity that only operates for its interests, but the main objective of the company is to meet stakeholder needs. Besides, CSR has a positive effect on Earning Management. The results of this study contrary to research conducted by prior research which states that CSR can reduce earning management because CSR not only increases information transparency but also creates interaction with stakeholders. The difference in findings in this study is because CSR disclosure in Indonesia is still low, as seen from the average CSR in Indonesia, which is 33%, and it is still not transparent so that companies tend to carry out earnings management.